4,663 research outputs found
Pathways of change : shifting connectivities in the world city network, 2000-08
This is an empirical paper that measures and interprets changes in intercity relations at the global scale in the period 2000-08. It draws on the network model devised by the Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) research group to measure global connectivities for 132 cities across the world in 2000 and 2008. The measurements for both years are adjusted so that a coherent set of services/cities is used. A range of statistical techniques is used to explore these changes at the city level and the regional scale. The most notable changes are: the general rise of connectivity in the world city network; the loss of global connectivity of US and sub-Saharan African cities (Los Angeles, San Francisco and Miami in particular); and, the gain in global connectivity of south Asian, Chinese and eastern European cities (Shanghai, Beijing and Moscow in particular)
Asymmetrical Hierarchical Networks with Attentive Interactions for Interpretable Review-Based Recommendation
Recently, recommender systems have been able to emit substantially improved
recommendations by leveraging user-provided reviews. Existing methods typically
merge all reviews of a given user or item into a long document, and then
process user and item documents in the same manner. In practice, however, these
two sets of reviews are notably different: users' reviews reflect a variety of
items that they have bought and are hence very heterogeneous in their topics,
while an item's reviews pertain only to that single item and are thus topically
homogeneous. In this work, we develop a novel neural network model that
properly accounts for this important difference by means of asymmetric
attentive modules. The user module learns to attend to only those signals that
are relevant with respect to the target item, whereas the item module learns to
extract the most salient contents with regard to properties of the item. Our
multi-hierarchical paradigm accounts for the fact that neither are all reviews
equally useful, nor are all sentences within each review equally pertinent.
Extensive experimental results on a variety of real datasets demonstrate the
effectiveness of our method
Empirical regularities of opening call auction in Chinese stock market
We study the statistical regularities of opening call auction using the
ultra-high-frequency data of 22 liquid stocks traded on the Shenzhen Stock
Exchange in 2003. The distribution of the relative price, defined as the
relative difference between the order price in opening call auction and the
closing price of last trading day, is asymmetric and that the distribution
displays a sharp peak at zero relative price and a relatively wide peak at
negative relative price. The detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) method is
adopted to investigate the long-term memory of relative order prices. We
further study the statistical regularities of order sizes in opening call
auction, and observe a phenomenon of number preference, known as order size
clustering. The probability density function (PDF) of order sizes could be well
fitted by a -Gamma function, and the long-term memory also exists in order
sizes. In addition, both the average volume and the average number of orders
decrease exponentially with the price level away from the best bid or ask price
level in the limit-order book (LOB) established immediately after the opening
call auction, and a price clustering phenomenon is observed.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 3 table
Astro2010 Decadal Survey Whitepaper: Coordinated Science in the Gravitational and Electromagnetic Skies
It is widely expected that the coming decade will witness the first direct
detection of gravitational waves (GWs). The ground-based LIGO and Virgo GW
observatories are being upgraded to advanced sensitivity, and are expected to
observe a significant binary merger rate. The launch of The Laser
Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) would extend the GW window to low
frequencies, opening new vistas on dynamical processes involving massive (M >~
10^5 M_Sun) black holes. GW events are likely to be accompanied by
electromagnetic (EM) counterparts and, since information carried
electromagnetically is complementary to that carried gravitationally, a great
deal can be learned about an event and its environment if it becomes possible
to measure both forms of radiation in concert. Measurements of this kind will
mark the dawn of trans-spectral astrophysics, bridging two distinct spectral
bands of information. The aim of this whitepaper is to articulate future
directions in both theory and observation that are likely to impact broad
astrophysical inquiries of general interest. What will EM observations reflect
on the nature and diversity of GW sources? Can GW sources be exploited as
complementary probes of cosmology? What cross-facility coordination will expand
the science returns of gravitational and electromagnetic observations?Comment: 7 pages (plus one coverpage), submitted to the US Astro2010 Decadal
Survey. This is a living document, with updates expected to be posted to this
archive. Those interested in contributing should contact J. S. Bloo
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