POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE LONG XUYEN QUADRANGLE, VIETNAMESE MEKONG DELTA

Climate change and its impacts have become a serious and concerning global issue. The Vietnamese Mekong Delta, is identified as one of the deltas most adversely affected by climate change. This study aims to assess the potential impacts of climate change on seven major agricultural production systems in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle region within the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in conjunction with calculating climate change impact indices, the research classifies the degree of climate change impact on agriculture, aquaculture and forestry. The study results indicate that different agricultural production systems will experience varying impacts from climate change. For rice cultivation, flooding and drought are identified as the factors with the highest impact. Factors such as temperature increase, changes in rainfall and salinity intrusion have the most significant effects on aquaculture. In contrast, cultivated and natural forests in the research area are less affected by climate change. This assessment outcome could be highly valuable for policymakers in developing local agricultural development plans. Keywords: climate change effects; land use; rice cultivation; saline intrusion.   Impacto potencial das alterações climáticas na produção agrícola no Quadrilátero Long Xuyen, Delta vietnamita do Mekong   RESUMO: As alterações climáticas e os seus impactos tornaram-se uma questão global séria e preocupante. O Delta vietnamita do Mekong é identificado como um dos deltas asiáticos mais afetados pelas alterações climáticas. Este estudo visa avaliar os impactos das alterações climáticas em sete grandes sistemas de produção agrícola na região do Quadrilátero Long Xuyen, no Delta do Mekong, Vietnã. Utilizando o Processo de Hierarquia Analítica (AHP), em conjunto com o cálculo dos índices de impacto das alterações climáticas, a investigação classifica o grau de impacto das alterações climáticas na agricultura, aquicultura e silvicultura. Os resultados do estudo indicam que diferentes sistemas de produção agrícola sofrerão impactos variados das alterações climáticas. Para o cultivo do arroz, as inundações e a seca são identificadas como os fatores de maior impacto. Fatores como o aumento da temperatura, as mudanças nas chuvas e a intrusão de salinidade têm os efeitos mais significativos na aquicultura. Em contraste, as florestas cultivadas e naturais na área de investigação são menos afetadas pelas alterações climáticas. O resultado desta avaliação poderá ser altamente valioso para as decisões políticas no desenvolvimento de planos de desenvolvimento agrícola local. Palavras-chave: efeitos das alterações climáticas; uso da terra; cultivo de arroz; intrusão salina.Climate change and its impacts have become a serious and concerning global issue. The Vietnamese Mekong Delta, is identified as one of the deltas most adversely affected by climate change. This study aims to assess the potential impacts of climate change on seven major agricultural production systems in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle region within the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in conjunction with calculating climate change impact indices, the research classifies the degree of climate change impact on agriculture, aquaculture and forestry. The study results indicate that different agricultural production systems will experience varying impacts from climate change. For rice cultivation, flooding and drought are identified as the factors with the highest impact. Factors such as temperature increase, changes in rainfall and salinity intrusion have the most significant effects on aquaculture. In contrast, cultivated and natural forests in the research area are less affected by climate change. This assessment outcome could be highly valuable for policymakers in developing local agricultural development plans. Keywords: climate change effects; land use; rice cultivation; saline intrusion.   Impacto potencial das alterações climáticas na produção agrícola no Quadrilátero Long Xuyen, Delta vietnamita do Mekong   RESUMO: As alterações climáticas e os seus impactos tornaram-se uma questão global séria e preocupante. O Delta vietnamita do Mekong é identificado como um dos deltas asiáticos mais afetados pelas alterações climáticas. Este estudo visa avaliar os impactos das alterações climáticas em sete grandes sistemas de produção agrícola na região do Quadrilátero Long Xuyen, no Delta do Mekong, Vietnã. Utilizando o Processo de Hierarquia Analítica (AHP), em conjunto com o cálculo dos índices de impacto das alterações climáticas, a investigação classifica o grau de impacto das alterações climáticas na agricultura, aquicultura e silvicultura. Os resultados do estudo indicam que diferentes sistemas de produção agrícola sofrerão impactos variados das alterações climáticas. Para o cultivo do arroz, as inundações e a seca são identificadas como os fatores de maior impacto. Fatores como o aumento da temperatura, as mudanças nas chuvas e a intrusão de salinidade têm os efeitos mais significativos na aquicultura. Em contraste, as florestas cultivadas e naturais na área de investigação são menos afetadas pelas alterações climáticas. O resultado desta avaliação poderá ser altamente valioso para as decisões políticas no desenvolvimento de planos de desenvolvimento agrícola local. Palavras-chave: efeitos das alterações climáticas; uso da terra; cultivo de arroz; intrusão salina

Using the best - worst scale to assess the relative impact of these behaviors on other passengers on the same flight: The disruptive passenger behavior

A method called the best-worst scaling method is proposed to overcome these problems by asking respondents to make tradeoffs among the variables being assessed. This paper raises issues in respect of supplementing and developing a block of disruptive behaviors exhibited by passengers during flights and assesses the impact of these behaviors on other passengers. To illustrate the proposed method and evaluate its performance, we surveyed 240 passengers, and data from 203 survey samples were analyzed. The data analysis results revealed three behaviors that were considered the most disruptive, including (1) Threatening and causing distress, (2) Harassment and disrupting public order, and (3) Creating unsanitary conditions. This can be considered a suitable explanation with the high safety requirements of the air transport service, and the context of high expectation of post-covid hygiene and epidemiology

THE READING CULTURE OF ENGLISH MAJORED STUDENTS AT TAY DO UNIVERSITY, VIETNAM

In the 21st century, the development of many modern entertainment facilities makes people rarely focus on reading books. So, the reading culture gradually fell into oblivion. In reality, when teachers ask students about their reading habit, students often say “we seldom read books”, they mostly read books because of teacher requests or school assignments. Therefore, the research “The reading culture of English majored students at Tay Do University” was conducted with the purpose of helping English linguistic students to acknowledge the importance of reading books. Thanks to this, they can find their own situations and spend more time reading books. The participants of this study were 100 English majored students of four classes including English Linguistic 10B, 11A, 12C and 13A at Tay Do University that were chosen randomly. The instrument used in this thesis was the questionnaire. The data from questionnaires were statistically analyzed by SPSS English version 20.0 package. Based on research results, the researcher found out some common students’ thoughts on reading culture as well as solutions to develop their reading culture in the future.  Article visualizations

Biphasic pattern in the effect of severe measles infection; the difference between additive and multiplicative scale.

BACKGROUND: Infection with measles virus (MeV) causes immunosuppression and increased susceptibility to other infectious diseases. Only few studies reported a duration of immunosuppression, with varying results. We investigated the effect of immunosuppression on the incidence of hospital admissions for infectious diseases in Vietnamese children. METHODS: We used retrospective data (2005 to 2015; N = 4419) from the two pediatric hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. We compared the age-specific incidence of hospital admission for infectious diseases before and after hospitalization for measles. We fitted a Poisson regression model that included gender, current age, and time since measles to obtain a multiplicative effect measure. Estimates were transformed to the additive scale. RESULTS: We observed two phases in the incidence of hospital admission after measles. The first phase started with a fourfold increased rate of admissions during the first month after measles, dropping to a level quite comparable to children of the same age before measles. In the second phase, lasting until at least 6 years after measles, the admission rate decreased further, with values up to 20 times lower than in children of the same age before measles. However, on the additive scale the effect size in the second phase was much smaller than in the first phase. CONCLUSION: The first phase highlights the public health benefits of measles vaccination by preventing measles and immune amnesia. The beneficial second phase is interesting, but its strength strongly depends on the scale. It suggests a complicated interaction between MeV infection and the host immunity

The relationship between brand equity and intention to buy: the case of convenience stores

The research aims to identify the components of brand equity that affect consumer purchasing intentions and measure the effect of brand equity components on the intention of consumer purchases at the convenience stores in Ho Chi Minh City. The authors conduct the group discussions, expert discussion, and then analyze data from 200 valid questionnaires with four components of brand equity, namely perceived quality, brand loyalty, brand association, brand awareness. The results of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) show that all four elements have a positive effect on the customer' intention to purchase in the convenience store of Ho Chi Minh City. In particular, the brand association factor has the strongest influence, followed by perceived quality, brand awareness, and brand loyalty. This research contributes that the results confirm the theory of Aaker (1991), Brown and Stayman (1992), Cobb-Walgren et al. (1995), MacKenzie (1986) in the new context of convenience stores in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Besides, the study gives some recommendations to help convenience stores improve the elements of brand equity and it, to enhance attraction for consumers

An Environmental Monitoring System for Managing Spatiotemporal Sensor Data over Sensor Networks

In a wireless sensor network, sensors collect data about natural phenomena and transmit them to a server in real-time. Many studies have been conducted focusing on the processing of continuous queries in an approximate form. However, this approach is difficult to apply to environmental applications which require the correct data to be stored. In this paper, we propose a weather monitoring system for handling and storing the sensor data stream in real-time in order to support continuous spatial and/or temporal queries. In our system, we exploit two time-based insertion methods to store the sensor data stream and reduce the number of managed tuples, without losing any of the raw data which are useful for queries, by using the sensors' temporal attributes. In addition, we offer a method for reducing the cost of the join operations used in processing spatiotemporal queries by filtering out a list of irrelevant sensors from query range before making a join operation. In the results of the performance evaluation, the number of tuples obtained from the data stream is reduced by about 30% in comparison to a naïve approach, thereby decreasing the query execution time

Factors affecting consumer’s bargaining behavior: The case of fashionable clothing

Shopping is one of the current trends of the Vietnamese. According to Nielsen’s research results about consumer confidence in the fourth quarter of 2017, more than half of Vietnamese people (51%) use their spare money to buy new clothes at modern business models such as supermarkets, shopping centers, or at very traditional models like street vendors and wet markets where haggling (also known as bargaining) is considered as a common habit for Vietnamese. This is due to business characteristics from a very long time ago in Viet Nam. The bargaining behavior is not so hard to recognize in shopping. Even now, a large part of foreign tourists is familiar with the bargaining culture. This study aimed to discover bargaining behavior, the factors affecting such a behavior in buying fashionable clothing of the consumers in Ho Chi Minh City, and to consider whether the differences in bargaining behavior exist among different groups of gender, age, and income. The research was conducted using mixed methods concluding qualitative research (in-depth interview and focus group) and quantitative one (survey). The results showed that Attitude towards bargaining, Perceived behavioral control, Interest in bargaining affect Consumer’s bargaining behavior when buying fashionable clothes. Results were validated in Ho Chi Minh City context, and some conclusions were also presented

Biological activities of essential oil extracted from leaves of Atalantia sessiflora Guillauminin Vietnam

Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the chemical compositions and bioactivities of the essential oil of Atalantia sessifloraGuillaumin (A. sessiflora), including antibacterial, antimycotic, antitrichomonas, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. Methodology: The essential oil from leaves of A. sessiflora was extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus. Chemical compositions of oil were identified by GC/MS. Antimicrobial and antitrichomonas activity were determined by the microdilution method; anti-inflammatory and antiviral were determined by the MTT method. Results: The average yield of oil was 0.46 ± 0.01% (v/w, dry leaves). A number of 45 constituents were identified by GC/MS. The essential oil comprised four main components. The oil showed antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive strains as Staphylococcus; Gram-negative bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli; and finally four Candidaspecies. Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosawere least susceptible to the oil of A. sessiflora, as seen in their MIC and MLC values over 16% (v/v). Activity against Trichomonas vaginalis was also undertaken, showing IC50, IC90 and MLC values of 0.016, 0.03 and 0.06% (v/v) respectively, after 48 hours of incubation. The oil of A. sessiflora displayed activity against the nitric oxide generation with the IC50 of 95.94 ± 6.18 μg/mL. The oil was completely ineffective against tested viruses, ssRNA+, ssRNA-, dsRNA, and dsDNA viruses. Conclusions: This is the first yet comprehensive scientific report about the chemical compositions and pharmacological properties of the essential oil of A. sessiflora. Further studies should be done to evaluate the safety and toxicity of A. sessiflora oil

Spatiotemporal evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants during large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19, Vietnam, 2021

We analyzed 1,303 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences from Vietnam, and found the Alpha and Delta variants were responsible for a large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19 in 2021. The Delta variant was confined to the AY.57 lineage and caused >1.7 million infections and >32,000 deaths. Viral transmission was strongly affected by nonpharmaceutical interventions