Exact Outage Performance Analysis of Amplify-and-forward-aware Cooperative NOMA

In this paper, new radio access scheme that combines Amplify-and-Forward (AF) relaying protocol and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system is introduced. In particular, different scenarios for fixed power allocation scheme is investigated. In addition, the outage probability of both weak and strong user is derived and provided in closed-form expressions. Such outage is investigated in high SNR scenario and comparison performance between these NOMA scenarios is introduced. Numerical simulations are offered to clarify the outage performance of the considered scheme if varying several parameters in the existing schemes to verify the derived formulas

Healthy Snack Availability Near High- and Low-Income Urban Schools

Children’s snacking habits are influenced by their immediate food environments. Increasingly, findings show that factors such as corner stores near schools are related to obesity. This study was conducted in preparation for a larger, community-based participatory research project to create healthy snacking zones” near schools in a rural Oregon county. The objective was to assess healthy snack availability in stores located within a half mile radius of high- and low-income elementary and middle schools in Portland, Oregon. Using Geographic Information Systems, convenience and food stores were selected and classified as either high- or low income based on % eligibility to receive free or reduced-price lunch at the proximal school. The SNACZ food store checklist was used to evaluate availability of 50 healthy items in single- and multi-portion servings at these stores. A statistical test for the pairwise difference between two proportions was performed to evaluate the relationship between percentage of each single-serving size available and any size product available in the two location categories. Of the fifty snack items, statistically significant differences in availability between high- and low-income stores were found in eight single portion items, and ten items of any size. Single portion snack items were found less frequently than multi-portion items in both high- and low-income stores. Overall, the lack of single-serving healthy snack items in all stores indicates that children who do consume convenience store foods may benefit from healthier, single portion options to inhibit over-consumption and snacks high in fat, sugar, and sodium

Time switching for wireless communications with full-duplex relaying in imperfect CSI condition

In this paper, we consider an amplify-and-forward (AF) full-duplex relay network (FDRN) using simultaneous wireless information and power transfer, where a battery-free relay node harvests energy from the received radio frequency (RF) signals from a source node and uses the harvested energy to forward the source information to destination node. The time-switching relaying (TSR) protocol is studied, with the assumption that the channel state information (CSI) at the relay node is imperfect. We deliver a rigorous analysis of the outage probability of the proposed system. Based on the outage probability expressions, the optimal time switching factor are obtained via the numerical search method. The simulation and numerical results provide practical insights into the effect of various system parameters, such as the time switching factor, the noise power, the energy harvesting efficiency, and the channel estimation error on the performance of this network. It is also observed that for the imperfect CSI case, the proposed scheme still can provide acceptable outage performance given that the channel estimation error is bounded in a permissible interval.Web of Science1094239422

Property Ω and holomorphic functions with values in a pseudoconvex space having Stein morphism into a complex Lie group

It is shown that a nuclear Frechet space E with a Schauder basis has the property ΩF if and only if there exists a compact balanced convex set B in E such that every holomorphic function on (EB, τE), where EB is the Banach space spanned by B and τE is the topology of EB induced by the topology of E, with values in any pseudoconvex space having a Stein morphism into a complex Lie group, can be extended holomorphically to E. For the scalar case the proof was provided by Meise and Vogt [4]

Effect of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction on Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin chain in a longitudinal magnetic field

Using functional integral method for the Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin chain with the added Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in the presence of the longitudinal magnetic field, we find out expression for free energy of the spin chain via spin fluctuations, from which quantities characterize the antiferromagnetic order and phase transition such as staggered and total magnetizations derived. From that, we deduce the significant effect of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction on the reduction of the antiferromagnetic order and show that the total magnetization can be deviated from the initial one under the influence of canting of the spins due to a combination of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and the magnetic field. Besides, the remarkable role of the transverse spin fluctuations due to the above factors on the antiferromagnetic behaviours of the spin chain is also indicated. &nbsp

Gut Microbiome of Patients With Breast Cancer in Vietnam

PURPOSE: Gut microbiota play an important role in human health, including cancer. Cancer and its treatment, in turn, may alter the gut microbiome. To understand this complex relationship, we profiled the gut microbiome of 356 Vietnamese patients with breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Stool samples were collected before chemotherapy, with 162 pre- and 194 postsurgery. The gut microbiome was measured by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Associations of gut microbial diversity, taxa abundance, and gut microbiome health index (GMHI) with sociodemographic, clinical factors, and tumor characteristics were evaluated. RESULTS: Postsurgery samples were associated with significantly lower α- and β-diversities ( CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that diagnosis delay, high fiber intake, and breast cancer surgery, which is always followed by antibiotic prophylaxis in Vietnam, led to a less diverse and unhealthy gut microbiome among patients with breast cancer

White matter alterations in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD):a systematic review of 129 diffusion imaging studies with meta-analysis

Aberrant anatomical brain connections in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are reported inconsistently across diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) studies. Based on a pre-registered protocol (Prospero: CRD42021259192), we searched PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Knowledge until 26/03/2022 to conduct a systematic review of DWI studies. We performed a quality assessment based on imaging acquisition, preprocessing, and analysis. Using signed differential mapping, we meta-analyzed a subset of the retrieved studies amenable to quantitative evidence synthesis, i.e., tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) studies, in individuals of any age and, separately, in children, adults, and high-quality datasets. Finally, we conducted meta-regressions to test the effect of age, sex, and medication-naïvety. We included 129 studies (6739 ADHD participants and 6476 controls), of which 25 TBSS studies provided peak coordinates for case-control differences in fractional anisotropy (FA)(32 datasets) and 18 in mean diffusivity (MD)(23 datasets). The systematic review highlighted white matter alterations (especially reduced FA) in projection, commissural and association pathways of individuals with ADHD, which were associated with symptom severity and cognitive deficits. The meta-analysis showed a consistent reduced FA in the splenium and body of the corpus callosum, extending to the cingulum. Lower FA was related to older age, and case-control differences did not survive in the pediatric meta-analysis. About 68% of studies were of low quality, mainly due to acquisitions with non-isotropic voxels or lack of motion correction; and the sensitivity analysis in high-quality datasets yielded no significant results. Findings suggest prominent alterations in posterior interhemispheric connections subserving cognitive and motor functions affected in ADHD, although these might be influenced by non-optimal acquisition parameters/preprocessing. Absence of findings in children may be related to the late development of callosal fibers, which may enhance case-control differences in adulthood. Clinicodemographic and methodological differences were major barriers to consistency and comparability among studies, and should be addressed in future investigations. © 2023, The Author(s).11Nsciescopu

The use of reproductive healthcare at commune health stations in a changing health system in Vietnam

Background: With health sector reform in Vietnam moving towards greater pluralism, commune health stations (CHSs) have been subject to growing competition from private health services and increasing numbers of patients bypassing CHSs for higher-level health facilities. This study describes the pattern of reproductive health (RH) and family planning (FP) service utilization among women at CHSs and other health facilities, and explores socio demographic determinants of RH service utilization at the CHS level

Perspectives on child diarrhoea management and health service use among ethnic minority caregivers in Vietnam

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In Vietnam, primary government health services are now accessible for the whole population including ethnic minority groups (EMGs) living in rural and mountainous areas. However, little is known about EMGs' own perspectives on illness treatment and use of health services. This study investigates treatment seeking strategies for child diarrhoea among ethnic minority caregivers in Northern Vietnam in order to suggest improvements to health services for EMGs and other vulnerable groups.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study obtained qualitative data from eight months of field work among four EMGs in lowland and highland villages in the Northern Lao Cai province. Triangulation of methods included in-depth interviews with 43 caregivers of pre-school children (six years and below) who had a case of diarrhoea during the past month, three focus group discussions (FGDs) with men, and two weeks of observations at two Communal Health Stations (CHGs). Data was content-analyzed by ordering data into empirically and theoretically inspired themes and sub-categories assisted by the software NVivo8.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>This study identified several obstacles for EMG caregivers seeking health services, including: gender roles, long travelling distances for highland villagers, concerns about the indirect costs of treatment and a reluctance to use government health facilities due to feelings of being treated disrespectfully by health staff. However, ethnic minority caregivers all recognized the danger signs of child diarrhoea and actively sought simultaneous treatment in different health care systems and home-based care. Treatments were selected by matching the perceived cause and severity of the disease with the 'compatibility' of different treatments to the child.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In order to improve EMGs' use of government health services it is necessary to improve the communication skills of health staff and to acknowledge both EMGs' explanatory disease models and the significant socio-economic constraints they experience. Broader health promotion programs should address the significant gender roles preventing highland mothers from seeking health services and include family elders and fathers in future health promotion programs. Encouraging existing child health care practices, including continued breastfeeding during illness and the use of home-made rehydration solutions, also present important opportunities for future child health promotion.</p