Chemical constituents from fruits of Hydnocarpus hainanensis Merr. (Flacourtiaceae) in Vietnam

Five compounds were isolated from the fruits of Hydnocarpus hainanensis Merr. Sleum. (Flacourtiaceae). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis including MS and NMR. The isolates were identified as taraktophyllin (1), hydnocarpic acid (2), 3,4-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol (3), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (4) and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (5)

Secondary metabolites from Micromonospora ectrinospora G017

Eight  compounds, cyclo-(Pro-Tryp) (1), N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl] acetamide (2), cyclo-(Pro-Tyr) (3), cyclo-(Pro-Phe) (4), cyclo-trans-4-OH-(Pro-Phe) (5), cyclo-(Pro-Leu) (6), cyclo-(Pro-Val) (7), and  uracil (8) were isolated from the culture broth of the marine Micromonospora ectrinospora G017 strain. The structures of the isolated compounds were established on the basis of their spectral data, including mass spectrometry and NMR

SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM MICROMONOSPORA SP. (G044)

In the course of our screening program, the EtOAc extract of a Micromonospora sp. (strain G044) from sponge Tethya aurantium of the sea of Côtô - Thanh Lân exhibited antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus and Candida albicans. In this paper, we reported the isolation and structural elucidation of six secondary metabolites Cyclo-(Pro-Trp) (1), Cyclo-(Pro-Met) (2), Cyclo-(Pro-Val) (4), N-acetyltryptamine (3), uridine (5), and 2-phenylacetic acid (6) from the cultures broth of Micromonospora sp. (strain G044). The structures of 1 – 6 were determined by analyses of MS and 2D NMR data. All compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against a panel of clinically significant microorganisms. Compound 1 inhibited Escherichia coli with a MIC value of 128 µg/ml

Terpenoids from leaves of Viburnum sambucinum Reinw. ex. Blume (Caprifoliaceae)

Six compounds were isolated from the leaves of Viburnum sambucinum Reinw. ex Blume (Caprifoliaceae).  The structures of the isolates were determined by spectroscopic analysis including MS and NMR. Accordingly, the isolated compounds were identified as a-amyrin (1), ursolic acid (2), 3β,28-dihydroxy-urs-12-ene (3), oleanolic acid (4), 16β-hydroxylup-20(29)-ene-3-one (5) and trans-2-phyten-1-ol (6)

Studying Magnetic Fields and Dust in M17 Using Polarized Thermal Dust Emission Observed by SOFIA/HAWC

We report on the highest spatial resolution measurement to date of magnetic fields (B-fields) in M17 using thermal dust polarization measurements taken by SOFIA/HAWC+ centered at a wavelength of 154 μm. Using the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method, in which the polarization angle dispersion calculated using the structure function technique is the quantity directly observed by SOFIA/HAWC+, we found the presence of strong B-fields of 980 ± 230 and 1665 ± 885 μG in the lower-density M17-N and higher-density M17-S regions, respectively. The B-field morphology in M17-N possibly mimics the fields in gravitationally collapsing molecular cores, while in M17-S the fields run perpendicular to the density structure. M17-S also displays a pillar feature and an asymmetric large-scale hourglass-shaped field. We use the mean B-field strengths to determine Alfvénic Mach numbers for both regions, finding that B-fields dominate over turbulence. We calculate the mass-to-flux ratio, λ, finding λ = 0.07 for M17-N and 0.28 for M17-S. These subcritical λ values are consistent with the lack of massive stars formed in M17. To study dust physics, we analyze the relationship between dust polarization fraction, p, emission intensity, I, gas column density, N(H2), polarization angle dispersion function, S, and dust temperature, T d. p decreases with intensity as I −α with α = 0.51. p tends to first increase with T d, but then decreases at higher T d. The latter feature, seen in M17-N at high T d when N(H2) and S decrease, is evidence of the radiative torque disruption effect

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population. Methods AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29), New Zealand (four), and Vietnam (ten). Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2–15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web-based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921. Findings Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532), New Zealand (n=42), and Vietnam (n=706), of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48·1). At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97%) patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99%) in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0·94, 95% CI 0·76–1·15; p=0·53). Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3%] vs seven [1%]; p=0·018), bone fractures (19 [3%] vs six [1%]; p=0·014), and epileptic seizures (ten [2%] vs two [<1%]; p=0·038) at 6 months. Interpretation Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke

NHÂN CHỒI IN VITRO LAN THIÊN NGA ĐEN (FREDCLAKEARA AFTER DARK)

Fredclarkeara After Dark is an artificial orchid species with black flowers. Micropropagation of Fredclarkeara After Dark allows the production of many plantlets with the same genetic characteristics as mother plants. This paper presents the results of in vitro shoot multiplication of Fredclarkeara After Dark from pseudobulbs and roots of one-year-old natural plants. The results indicate that highly effective sterilization occurs with 1% NaClO in five minutes in step 1 and seven minutes in step 2 with a root segments survival rate of 47.30%. The viability of pseudobulb slices after being immersed in 1% NaClO for 15 minutes in step 1 and 10 minutes in step 2 is 55,88%. The half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.6 mg/L BAP is the optimal medium for shoot regeneration from roots, with an induction rate of 60.87% after 18.55 days. The half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.4 mg/L BAP is suitable for shoot regeneration from pseudobulbs, with an induction rate of 60.87% after 18 days. The highest number of shoots per explant (2.15) was obtained on the ½ MS medium supplemented with 0.4 mg/L BAP after 16 weeks of culture. This medium provides the most roots at 3.95/sample, with an average root length of 2.96 cm.Lan thiên nga đen (Fredclakeara After Dark) là một loài lan nhân tạo có hoa màu đen. Nhân giống in vitro Fdk. After Dark góp phần tạo ra cây giống số lượng lớn, mang đặc điểm giống cây mẹ. Bài báo này trình bày kết quả bước đầu nhân giống in vitro lan thiên nga đen từ giả hành và rễ cây tự nhiên một năm tuổi. Kết quả cho thấy khử trùng đạt hiệu quả cao với 1% NaClO trong 5 phút ở lần 1 và 7 phút ở lần 2 cho tỉ lệ mẫu chóp rễ sống không nhiễm cao nhất (47,30%). Trong khi khử trùng giả hành bằng 1% NaClO trong 15 phút ở lần 1 và 10 phút ở lần 2 cho tỉ lệ mẫu lát cắt giả hành sống không nhiễm cao nhất (55,88%). Sau bốn tuần nuôi cấy, môi trường ½ MS bổ sung 0,6 mg/L BAP thích hợp nhất cho khả năng tạo chồi từ chóp rễ với tỷ lệ mẫu tái sinh đạt 42,31% sau 18,55 ngày. Môi trường ½ MS bổ sung 0,4 mg/L BAP thích hợp nhất, cho kết quả giả hành tái sinh đạt 60,87% sau 18 ngày. Số chồi cao nhất đạt được trên môi trường ½ MS bổ sung 0,4 mg/L BAP là 2,15 sau 16 tuần nuôi cấy. Môi trường này kích thích sự hình thành và phát triển rễ với 3,95 rễ/mẫu; rễ dài 2,96 cm

Crystal structure of trans-di-chlorido-(4-nitro-aniline-κN (1))(piperidine-κN)platinum(II)

In the title complex, [PtCl2(C5H11N)(C6H6N2O2)], the Pt(II) metal atom displays a slightly distorted trans-PtN2Cl2 square-planar coordination geometry. The dihedral angle between the mean plane of the benzene and piperidine rings is 89.03 (3)°. In the crystal structure, inversion dimers are formed via N-H⋯Cl hydrogen-bond inter-actions, resulting in chains parallel to the [001] direction. The benzene rings within the chains show π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-to-centroid distances of 3.801 (3) Å] and neighbouring chains inter-act via N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.journal: Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications content_type: research communications peer_reviewed: Yes review_process: Single blind received: 8 May 2015 accepted: 14 May 2015 published_online: 20 May 2015 supplementary_materials: This article has supporting information copyright: © 2015 Nguyen Thi Thanh license: Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)status: publishe

New 9α-Hydroxy-5α,6α-epoxysterols from the Vietnamese Marine Sponge <em>Ircinia echinata</em>

Chemical investigation of the methanol extract of the Vietnamese marine sponge Ircinia echinata led to the isolation of six new 9α-hydroxy-5α,6α-epoxysterols: 5α,6α-epoxycholesta-7,22(E)-dien-3β,9α-diol (1), 5α,6α-epoxycholesta-7,24(28)-dien-3β,9α-diol (2), (24R)-5α,6α-epoxy-24-ethyl-cholesta-7-en-3β,9α-diol (3), 5α,6α-epoxycholesta-7-en-3β,9α-diol (4), (24S)-5α,6α-epoxyergosta-7,22-dien-3β,9α-diol (5), and (24R)-5α,6α-epoxy-24-methyl-cholesta-7-en-3β,9α-diol (6) along with the known 5α-6α-epoxysterols: 5α,6α-epoxystigmasta-7-en-3β-ol (7), 5α,6α-epoxystigmasta-7,22-dien-3β-ol (8), and 5α,6α-epoxyergosta-7-en-3β-ol (9). Their structures and their configurations were established on the basis of high resolution mass spectra and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data and by comparison with the literature. Their cytotoxic activity, evaluated against three human cancer cell lines, MCF-7, Hep-G2 and LU-1, revealed that only compounds 3 and 4 exhibited significant antiproliferative activity and compound 3 showed a selective inhibition towards the MCF-7 human breast cancer cells

A new cytotoxic compound from the leaves of Styrax annamensis Guillaumin

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