Secure Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications the SCOTT approach

Paper presented at DecPS 2018 (held in conjunction with Ada-Europe 2018, 18-22 June, Lisbon, Portugal).This paper presents the objectives and architecture of the use case of secure wireless avionics intracommunications of the European Project SCOTT (secure connected trustable things). SCOTT aims to build trust of the Internet of Things (IoT) in industrial applications. SCOTT addresses multiple issues such as security, safety, privacy, and dependability across 5 industrial domains: automotive, aeronautics, railway, building and healthcare. The aeronautics use case focuses on the application for active flow control (AFC) based on dense wireless sensor and actuator networks (DWSANs). Topics about security, vulnerabilities and safety in the general field of wireless avionics intra-communications (WAICs) will be addressed. The paper presents preliminary conclusions of the vulnerabilities and security solutions across different entities and layers of the aeronautics IoT architecture.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

EMODnet physics and river runoff data management

Rivers runoff exert a strong influence in their neighbouring coastal area in several ways, modifying the water stratification, introducing significant fluctuations in circulation patterns and modulating the impact of upwelling events. This paper presents data management methods and standards to make harmonised river data available and accessible.Peer Reviewe

EMODnet physics and river runoff data management

Rivers runoff exert a strong influence in their neighbouring coastal area in several ways, modifying the water stratification, introducing significant fluctuations in circulation patterns and modulating the impact of upwelling events. This paper presents data management methods and standards to make harmonised river data available and accessible.Peer Reviewe

Todo poder emana do povo: orçamento democrático como forma de empoderamento da sociedade brasileira

The Democratic Budget (DO) is an instrument created by the state government to promote popular participation in public budget management, through the demands presented by the population in certain regions. In this sense, the present Work of Course Conclusion aims to analyze the importance of the Democratic Budget and its progress in the Brazilian scenario, will be a study based on the actors and factors that involve the present question. The analysis of the theme will be correlated through a regional clipping emphasizing the discussion brasileira, with the new political scenario present in the region. The OD proposal is challenging, since promoting popular participation in public management is also facing impasses in keeping with the historical context lived by society in an exclusive way, which has always been submissive to economic power. To promote the opportunity for dialogue, autonomy, and horizontal relations between the government and the governed, is, above all, to democratize and opportunize the collective construction of politics. This work was elaborated through a bibliographical research, in which the study will allow to understand the way in which the Brazilian democratic budget is developed, the budgetary controversies and the social participation. The research is justified to foment the discussion about the advantages and applications of the OD, as well as its contribution in the public management as a form of empowerment of the society. The OD is addressed in this study in addition to a budgetary attitude, a significant process of citizenship.O Orçamento Democrático (OD) é um instrumento criado pelo governo do Estado com intuito de promover a participação popular na gestão pública orcamentária, por meio das demandas apresentadas pela população em determinadas regiões. Neste sentido, o presente Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso tem como objetivo analisar a importância do Orçamento Democrático e o seu progresso no cenário brasileiro, será um estudo pautado nos atores e fatores que envolvem a questão presente. A análise da temática será correlacionada com a realidade brasileira. A proposta do OD é desafiadora, pois promover participação popular em gestão pública é, também, se deparar com impasses condizentes com o contexto histórico vivido pela sociedade de forma excludente, que foi sempre submissa ao poderio econômico. Promover a oportunidade do diálogo, da autonomia, de forma horizontal entre governante e governados é, sobretudo, democratizar e oportunizar a construção coletiva de fazer política. Este trabalho foi elaborado por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, no qual o estudo vai permitir entender a maneira como se desenvolve o orçamento democrático brasileiro, as polêmicas orçamentárias e a participação social. Justificase a pesquisa para fomentar a discussão acerca das vantagens e aplicações do OD, bem como, sua contribuição na gestão pública como forma de empoderamento da sociedade. O OD é abordado neste estudo para além de uma atitude orçamentária, um processo significativo de cunho cidadão

Molecular mechanisms of ischemia and glutamate excitotoxicity

Excitotoxicity is classically defined as the neuronal damage caused by the excessive release of glutamate, and subsequent activation of excitatory plasma membrane receptors. In the mammalian brain, this phenomenon is mainly driven by excessive activation of glutamate receptors (GRs). Excitotoxicity is common to several chronic disorders of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and is considered the primary mechanism of neuronal loss of function and cell death in acute CNS diseases (e.g. ischemic stroke). Multiple mechanisms and pathways lead to excitotoxic cell damage including pro-death signaling cascade events downstream of glutamate receptors, calcium (Ca2+) overload, oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, excessive glutamate in the synaptic cleft as well as altered energy metabolism. Here, we review the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms that underlie excitotoxicity, emphasizing the role of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism. We also discuss novel and promising therapeutic strategies to treat excitotoxicity, highlighting recent clinical trials. Finally, we will shed light on the ongoing search for stroke biomarkers, an exciting and promising field of research, which may improve stroke diagnosis, prognosis and allow better treatment options.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Assessing the impact of LAI data assimilation on simulations of the soil water balance and maize development using MOHID-Land

Hydrological modeling at the catchment scale requires the upscaling of many input parameters for better characterizing landscape heterogeneity, including soil, land use and climate variability. In this sense, remote sensing is often considered as a practical solution. This study aimed to access the impact of assimilation of leaf area index (LAI) data derived from Landsat 8 imagery on MOHID-Land’s simulations of the soil water balance and maize state variables (LAI, canopy height, aboveground dry biomass and yield). Data assimilation impacts on final model results were first assessed by comparing distinct modeling approaches to measured data. Then, the uncertainty related to assimilated LAI values was quantified on final model results using a Monte Carlo method. While LAI assimilation improved MOHID-Land’s estimates of the soil water balance and simulations of crop state variables during early stages, it was never sufficient to overcome the absence of a local calibrated crop dataset. Final model estimates further showed great uncertainty for LAI assimilated values during earlier crop stages, decreasing then with season reaching its end. Thus, while model simulations can be improved using LAI data assimilation, additional data sources should be considered for complementing crop parameterizationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Nutrient dynamics in Mediterranean temporary streams: A case study in Pardiela catchment (Degebe River, Portugal)

Most of the streams in the Mediterranean region are temporary, following predictable seasonal of flooding and drying, with a transition from lotic conditions to shallow lentic conditions. The goal of our study was to assess the nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in channel-bed processes of temporary streams between floods. Results show that, during winter, temperatures ranged between 9.5 and 11.2 °C and oxygen concentration ranged from 8.0 to 9.5 mg L-1, whereas, during summer, temperatures varied between 21.2 and 26.8 °C and oxygen between 1.2 and 5.3 mg L-1, with oxygen depletion in the pools during the night. The nitrate concentrations were far more abundant during winter (February), while ammonium concentration increased after stream fragmentation into pools (especially in July when oxygen depletion conditions favoured ammonification). Results on sediment profiles showed that the most active sediment layers for NH4-N are the top 2-3 cm, corresponding to the sediment depositional sites of the stream. Phosphate concentrations had larger variability, yet concentrations decreased from winter to spring and increased again in summer, when the shallow water pools were formed. Sediment profiles at the sediment depositional sites showed that PO4-P was more dynamic in the first 6 cm.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7GX1-4PMYXC7-1/1/314475cea07f9c50c2dd6bda50bb8cf

From regional to local scale modelling on the south-eastern Brazilian shelf: case study of Paranaguá estuarine system

A aplicabilidade de um modelo numérico seguindo uma metodologia de downscaling foi avaliada para a plataforma sudeste brasileira (modelo regional) e o sistema estuarino de Paranaguá (modelo local). Esta abordagem permite simular fenômenos de escalas diferentes, como maré meteorológica e ressurgência costeira, e é apropriada para fins de previsão operacional. Quando grandes áreas são cobertas por modelos regionais, a propagação da maré no interior do domínio pode ser afetada significativamente pelo potencial local da maré, principalmente onde o fenômeno de ressonância é observado. A plataforma sudeste brasileira é conhecida pela ressonância da constituinte da maré lunar principal terci-diurna (M3), com as maiores amplitudes encontradas no sistema estuarino de Paranaguá. Por este motivo, a significância do potencial local da maré foi verificada neste estudo para as constituintes da maré mais importantes dentro do sistema estuarino (incluindo a M3). A validação do modelo foi realizada com dados de marégrafos, perfis de boias Argo e medições de satélite da temperatura da superfície do mar. A metodologia descrita neste estudo pode ser replicada para outros sistemas estuarinos importantes localizados na plataforma sudeste brasileira. Além disso, o modelo numérico foi desenvolvido na perspectiva de simulações operacionais em nowcast/forecast, úteis para diversas atividades, como navegação e resposta a emergências (e.g., derrames de petróleo).The applicability of a numerical model following a downscaling methodology was evaluated for the south-eastern Brazilian shelf (regional model) and Paranaguá estuarine system (local model). This approach permits the simulation of different scale processes, such as storm surges and coastal upwelling, and is suitable for operational forecasting purposes. When large areas are covered by regional models, the tidal propagation inside the domain can be significantly affected by the local tidal potential, mainly where the resonance phenomenon is observed. The south-eastern Brazilian shelf is known for the resonance of the third-diurnal principal lunar tidal constituent (M3), the largest amplitudes being found in the Paranaguá estuarine system. Therefore, the significance of the local tidal potential was assessed in this study for the most important tidal constituents inside the estuarine system (including M3). The model validation was performed with tidal gauge data, Argo float profiles and satellite measurements of Sea Surface Temperature. The methodology described in this study can be replicated for other important estuarine systems located on the south-eastern Brazilian shelf. Furthermore, the numerical model was developed within a perspective of operational nowcast/forecast simulations, useful for several activities such as navigation and response to emergencies (e.g., oil spills)

Equinococose no sul do Brasil: tentativas para implementação de um programa de controle em Santana do Livramento, Rio Grande do Sul

This investigation aimed to design a strategy for echinococcosis control in Santana do Livramento county, an endemic area in state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Fecal samples from 65 dogs were obtained from urban, suburban and rural areas. Purging with Arecoline Bromhidrate (AB) was done to visualize Echinococcus granulosus, and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was performed to detect parasite coproantigen. Samples were obtained at the beginning and at the end of treatment with Praziquantel. A third fecal sampling was also done in rural areas four months after the end of treatment. Each dog was treated immediately after the first purging and every 30 days for eight months. In urban and suburban areas no infected dogs were found. In rural areas, first evaluation showed 11.36% and 27.69% of infected dogs by AB and ELISA, respectively. No infected dogs were diagnosed in the second evaluation and in the third evaluation 36.84% and 47.37% infected dogs were identified by AB and ELISA, respectively. Medication program to combat dog infection resulted in successful interruption of parasite transmission, but the project failed to create awareness of the need for dog prophylaxis among rural populations as well as to establish a permanent control program in this municipality.Este trabalho objetivou implementar um programa de controle da equinococose no município de Santana do Livramento, área endêmica no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). Amostras fecais de 65 cães foram coletadas em áreas urbanas, suburbanas e rurais. Para visualizar o Echinococcus granulosus foi realizada purgação com Bromhidrato de Arecolina (BA) e para identificar coproantígenos parasitários foi empregado um método imunoenzimático (ELISA). As amostras foram coletadas no começo e ao fim do tratamento com Praziquantel. Nas áreas rurais uma terceira coleta foi feita quatro meses após o fim do tratamento. Cada cão foi tratado no começo e a cada trinta dias durante 8 meses. Nas áreas urbanas e suburbanas nenhum cão parasitado foi identificado. Nas áreas rurais estavam parasitados 11,36% e 27,69% dos cães, por BA e ELISA, respectivamente. Na terceira avaliação, 36,84% e 47,37% dos cães estavam infectados, por BA e ELISA, respectivamente. Observou-se que um programa a base de drogas anti-parasitárias resultou em interrupção eficiente na transmissão parasitária, mas o projeto falhou em criar uma mentalidade consciente nos habitantes da zona rural relacionada a profilaxia, bem como em estabelecer um programa permanente de controle desta parasitose no município

Water quantity and quality under future climate and societal scenarios: a basin-wide approach applied to the Sorraia river, Portugal

Water resources are impacted by several stressors like over-population and over consumption that compromises their availability. These stressors are expected to progressively intensify due to climate change in most regions of the world, with direct impact on watersheds and river systems. This study investigates the effect of different watershed pressure scenarios due to climate change in the hydrological regime of the Sorraia River basin, Portugal. This catchment includes one of the largest irrigated areas in the country, thus being strongly influenced by anthropogenic activities, associated to hydrological (irrigation, flow regulation, damming) and nutrient stressors. The SoilWater Assessment Tool has been used to simulate water flow and nutrient dynamics in the watershed while considering inputs from two climate models and three societal scenarios. Results have shown that the predicted rainfall reductions will have a significant impact on river flow and nutrient concentrations when compared to baseline conditions. River flow will expectably decrease by 75%, while nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in river water will expectably increase by 500% and 200%, respectively. These differences are more evident for storylines that consider increasing pressures such as population growth and agricultural expansion marked with unsustainable practices and increased reliance on technology. The results of this study indicate a possible future outcome and provide effective guidelines for the formulation of water management policies to counter the impacts of climate change and corresponding environmental pressures in the Sorraia River basininfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio