Kajian Morfologi Dan Mikromorfologi (Sisik Serta Trikoma) 4 Jenis Pyrrosia Mirb. (Polypodiaceae) Di Provinsi Riau

Pyrrosia merupakan golongan tumbuhan paku epifit dari family Polypodiaceae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi morfologi (rhizoma, ptiolus dan lamina) dan mikromorfologi (sisik dan trikoma) dari 4 jenis Pyrrosia yang umum dijumpai di Provinsi Riau, yaitu Pyrrosia heterophyla, Pyrrosia lanceolate, Pyrrosia longifolia dan Pyrrosia pillosheloides. Hasil karakterisasi morfologi menunjukan variasi pada organ yang diamati, terutama pada ukuran ptetiolus, bentuk dan ukuran lamina. Hasil pengamatan pada sisik menujukan varias pada warna sisik, jumlah rambut pada sisik dan posisinya. Sedangkan trikoma pada ptiolus dan lamina menunjukan persamaan bentuk yaitu stelata

From Clinical Presentation to the Outcome: the Natural History of PML in a Portuguese Population of HIV Infected Patients

Background Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, associated with immunosuppression states. As there are only some non-published documents concerning PML in HIV infected patients in Portugal, we pretend to characterize natural history of PML infection in a population of HIV patients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed, from 1992 to 2009, PML cases in a population of 724 HIV infected patients followed in our institution. Clinical, biological, imagery features and outcomes were characterized. Results Twenty-five (3.45%) patients were identified as having PML. The mean time between HIV and PML diagnosis was 20.4 months. PML was the presentation of HIV infection in 40% of the patients, and 92% had CD4 T cell count lower than 200/mm3. Paresis was the most common clinical presentation. No specific characteristics were found in cerebrospinal fluid and JCV DNA was positive in 3 of 7 patients. MRI revealed characteristic findings. Combined antiretroviral therapy was started or changed in 96% of the patients. Neurological condition got worse in 12 patients. From the 14 deaths, 5 were directly attributed to PML progression. Follow-up was lost in 8 patients. Conclusions PML was the presentation of HIV infection in more than 1/3 of patients, frequently associated with advanced immunocompromise. MRI sensitivity to PML is high, and JCV DNA determination in CSF was not revealed to be sensible. PML diagnosis should be taken into account in HIV patients presenting any neurological symptoms, and HIV infection should be suspected when radiological findings suggest PML lesions even in previously healthy individuals

Concepções de professores paranaenses sobre a natureza do conhecimento científico: permanências e rupturas

Apresenta resultados de pesquisa com professores de química da rede pública de ensino do Estado do Paraná no Brasil. Estudamos as concepções desses docentes sobre a natureza do conhecimento científico e identificamos rupturas e permanências da visão geral que docentes têm sobre ciência. Aplicamos questionário a 62 professores com questões sobre a ciência e sua natureza. A maioria dos professores revela visões de ciência empírico-indutivista. Indicam a melhoria das atividades didáticas exclusivamente pela inserção de experimentos guiados pelo método científico. Este trabalho aponta para a necessidade de inserirmos na formação de professores a história e filosofia da ciência no intuito de melhorar a concepção docente sobre a ciência

Forecasting temporal dynamics of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Northeast Brazil.

IntroductionCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne disease of increasing importance in northeastern Brazil. It is known that sandflies, which spread the causative parasites, have weather-dependent population dynamics. Routinely-gathered weather data may be useful for anticipating disease risk and planning interventions.Methodology/principal findingsWe fit time series models using meteorological covariates to predict CL cases in a rural region of Bahía, Brazil from 1994 to 2004. We used the models to forecast CL cases for the period 2005 to 2008. Models accounting for meteorological predictors reduced mean squared error in one, two, and three month-ahead forecasts by up to 16% relative to forecasts from a null model accounting only for temporal autocorrelation.SignificanceThese outcomes suggest CL risk in northeastern Brazil might be partially dependent on weather. Responses to forecasted CL epidemics may include bolstering clinical capacity and disease surveillance in at-risk areas. Ecological mechanisms by which weather influences CL risk merit future research attention as public health intervention targets

Regenerasi Rhizophora Di Kawasan Hutan Mangrove Desa Sungai Rawa Kecamatan Sungai Apit Kabupaten Siak Propinsi Riau

This study aimed to determine the regeneration of Rhizophora on mangrove forest, Sungai Rawa village, Sungai Apit Sub-District, Riau Province. This study had been carried out in February 2014. The sampling were collected with purposive sampling using nested plot. The size of plot for tree, pole, and sapling were 20x20 m, 5x5 m and 2x2 m, respectively. Three locations were selected for study sites, i.e. low, mid, and high activity locations. The result showed that only one Rhizophora spesies i.e Rhizophora apiculata,that found in all of the locations with 300% Important Value Index for each growth stage. R. apiculata had good regeneration status. The highest density in each stage was found in the low activity location, with the density value for seedling, sapling and tree were 17000 individuals / ha, 1200 individual/ha and 318 individual / ha, respectively. While the lowest density was found in different study sites, i.e. high activity location for seedling (3600 individual/ha) and in the mid activity location for sapling (660 individual/ha) and trees (108 individual/ha)