409 research outputs found
Self and Shared Leadership in Decision Quality: A Tale of Two Sides
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relationship between shared leadership (SL) and decision quality, utilizing shared leadership theory (SLT) and behavioral decision theory (BDT). The authors will explore the mediating role of “decision comprehensiveness” in the SL–decision quality linkage. Additionally, the authors will examine how individual “self-leadership” and “debate” among team members moderate the relationship between SL and decision comprehensiveness.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors tested the hypothesized moderated mediation model using a sample of 506 professionals employed in 112 research and development (R&D) teams, along with their direct managers from large Italian firms. To examine the relationships, the authors employed confirmatory factor analyses and path analyses. In order to address endogeneity concerns, the authors incorporated an instrumental variable, namely delegation, into the analysis.
Findings
SL positively influences decision quality, mediated by decision comprehensiveness, where teams include comprehensive information in decision-making. The level of debate among team members positively moderates the SL–decision comprehensiveness relationship. High levels of self-leadership can harm SL by reducing decision comprehensiveness, indicating a downside. However, low or moderate levels of self-leadership do not harm decision comprehensiveness and can even benefit SL.
Originality/value
This is the first work to investigate the relationship between SL and decision quality, shedding light on the mechanisms underlying this association. By integrating SLT and BDT, the authors provide insights into how managers can make higher-quality decisions within self-leading teams. Moreover, this research makes a distinct contribution to the field of self-leadership by delineating its boundaries and identifying a potentially negative aspect within the self-influence process
Under Pressure: Time Management, Self-Leadership, and the Nurse Manager
Decision making by nurses is complicated by the stress, chaos, and challenging demands of the work. One of the major stressors confronting nurses is perceived time pressure. Given the potential negative outcomes on nurses due to perceived time pressures, it seems logical that a nurse manager\u27s ability to lead nurses in moderating this time pressure and in turn to make better decisions could enhance nurse well-being and performance. Paralleling research in the nursing literature suggests that, in order to improve patients\u27 judgement of the care they received, nurse managers should embrace ways to lower nurses\u27 perceived time pressure. In this conceptual paper, we propose a model to help mitigate time pressure on nurse managers and their frontline nurses based on the research regarding time pressure, psychosocial care, time management, and self-leadership. Three metaconjectures and suggested future studies are given for further consideration by organizational and psychological researchers
A primal-dual semidefinite programming algorithm tailored to the variational determination of the two-body density matrix
The quantum many-body problem can be rephrased as a variational determination
of the two-body reduced density matrix, subject to a set of N-representability
constraints. The mathematical problem has the form of a semidefinite program.
We adapt a standard primal-dual interior point algorithm in order to exploit
the specific structure of the physical problem. In particular the matrix-vector
product can be calculated very efficiently. We have applied the proposed
algorithm to a pairing-type Hamiltonian and studied the computational aspects
of the method. The standard N-representability conditions perform very well for
this problem.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the Journal of Computational
Physic
Quasiparticle properties in a density functional framework
We propose a framework to construct the ground-state energy and density
matrix of an N-electron system by solving selfconsistently a set of
single-particle equations. The method can be viewed as a non-trivial extension
of the Kohn-Sham scheme (which is embedded as a special case). It is based on
separating the Green's function into a quasi-particle part and a background
part, and expressing only the background part as a functional of the density
matrix. The calculated single-particle energies and wave functions have a clear
physical interpretation as quasiparticle energies and orbitals.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Phys. Rev.
Ueber die Loeslichkeit und Extraktion von Tetraphenylarsoniumpertechnetat, (C₆H₅)₄AsTcO₄; thermodynamische Untersuchungen
Quasiparticles in Neon using the Faddeev Random Phase Approximation
The spectral function of the closed-shell Neon atom is computed by expanding
the electron self-energy through a set of Faddeev equations. This method
describes the coupling of single-particle degrees of freedom with correlated
two-electron, two-hole, and electron-hole pairs. The excitation spectra are
obtained using the Random Phase Approximation, rather than the Tamm-Dancoff
framework employed in the third-order algebraic diagrammatic contruction
[ADC(3)] method. The difference between these two approaches is studied, as
well as the interplay between ladder and ring diagrams in the self-energy.
Satisfactory results are obtained for the ionization energies as well as the
energy of the ground state with the Faddeev-RPA scheme that is also appropriate
for the high-density electron gas.Comment: Revised manuscript. The working equations of the Faddeev-RPA method
are included in the Appendi
One Body Density Matrix, Natural Orbits and Quasi Hole States in 16O and 40Ca
The one body density matrix, momentum distribution, natural orbits and quasi
hole states of 16O and 40Ca are analyzed in the framework of the correlated
basis function theory using state dependent correlations with central and
tensor components. Fermi hypernetted chain integral equations and single
operator chain approximation are employed to sum cluster diagrams at all
orders. The optimal trial wave function is determined by means of the
variational principle and the realistic Argonne v8' two-nucleon and Urbana IX
three-nucleon interactions. The correlated momentum distributions are in good
agreement with the available variational Monte Carlo results and show the well
known enhancement at large momentum values with respect to the independent
particle model. Diagonalization of the density matrix provides the natural
orbits and their occupation numbers. Correlations deplete the occupation number
of the first natural orbitals by more than 10%. The first following ones result
instead occupied by a few percent. Jastrow correlations lower the spectroscopic
factors of the valence states by a few percent (~1-3%) and an additional ~8-12%
depletion is provided by tensor correlations. It is confirmed that short range
correlations do not explain the spectroscopic factors extracted from (e,e'p)
experiments. 2h-1p perturbative corrections in the correlated basis are
expected to provide most of the remaining strength, as in nuclear matter.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to Phys.Rev.
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