Diabetic Neuropathies: Update on Definitions, Diagnostic Criteria, Estimation of Severity, and Treatments

Preceding the joint meeting of the 19th annual Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (NEURODIAB) and the 8th International Symposium on Diabetic Neuropathy in Toronto, Canada, 13–18 October 2009, expert panels were convened to provide updates on classification, definitions, diagnostic criteria, and treatments of diabetic peripheral neuropathies (DPNs), autonomic neuropathy, painful DPNs, and structural alterations in DPNs

Occupational Neurologic Disorders in Korea

This article presents a schematic review of the clinical manifestations of occupational neurologic disorders in Korea and discusses the toxicologic implications of these conditions. Vascular encephalopathy, parkinsonism, chronic toxic encephalopathy, cerebellar dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy, and neurodegenerative diseases are common presentations of occupational neurotoxic syndromes in Korea. Few neurotoxins cause patients to present with pathognomic neurologic syndrome. Detailed neurologic examinations and categorization of the clinical manifestations of neurologic disorders will improve the clinical management of occupational neurologic diseases. Physicians must be aware of the typical signs and symptoms of possible exposure to neurotoxins, and they should also pay attention to less-typical, rather-vague symptoms and signs in workers because the toxicologic characteristics of occupational neurologic diseases in Korea have changed from typical patterns to less-typical or equivocal patterns. This shift is likely to be due to several years of low-dose exposure, perhaps combined with the effects of aging, and new types of possibly toxicant-related neurodegenerative diseases. Close collaboration between neurologists and occupational physicians is needed to determine whether neurologic disorders are work-related

ОСОБЕННОСТИ БИОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ МИОКАРДА У НОВОБРАНЦЕВ УЧЕБНОГО ЦЕНТРА ВОЕННО-МОРСКОГО ФЛОТА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО СЕВЕРА

The results of a dynamic 5-month electrocardiographic examination of two recruit groups of the Navy training center located in the European North have been presented. The first group (n=37) consisted of the recruits from the RF southern regions, the second group (n=37) consisted of the recruits from the northern regions. With use of an electrocardiograph ЭК1Т-03М, electrocardiograms were recorded monthly, deflections’ duration and amplitude, duration of intervals and segments were measured manually. It has been established that by the end of the training in the training center in group 1, deflection P duration, PQ intervals showed a statistically significant increase, and the recruits from group 2 did not show such changes. Deflection T amplitude changed to a greater degree also in the recruits of group 1. The military men from group 1 used more time for regeneration of the right myocardium out of the total duration of the electric systole than for the processes of excitation propagation. In group 1 in the first 5 months, both the right and left heart compartments were in condition of functional stress, but it concerned more the right heart. In group 2, only the left heart was in condition of functional stress, what was probably caused by absence of climatic-zonal contrasts in this group during active duty recall.Представлены результаты динамического 5-месячного электрокардиографического обследования двух групп новобранцев учебного центра ВМФ, расположенного на Европейском Севере. Первую группу (n=37) составили новобранцы, прибывшие из южных регионов РФ, вторую (n=37) - новобранцы из северных регионов. При помощи электрокардиографа ЭК1Т-03М ежемесячно регистрировалась электрокардиограмма, на которой ручными промерами измерялись длительность и амплитуда зубцов, длительность интервалов и сегментов. Установлено, что к окончанию обучения в учебном центре у 1-й группы статистически значимо увеличивались длительность зубца P, интервал P-Q, а у новобранцев 2-й группы таких изменений не выявлено. Амплитуда зубца T изменялась в большей степени также у новобранцев 1-й группы. На восстановительные процессы в правых отделах миокарда у военнослужащих 1-й группы затрачивалось больше времени из общей длительности электрической систолы, чем на процессы распространения возбуждения. У военнослужащих 1-й группы в первые 5 месяцев как правые, так и левые отделы сердца - но в большей степени правые - находятся в состоянии функционального напряжения. У военнослужащих 2-й группы в состоянии функционального напряжения находятся лишь левые отделы сердца, что, вероятно, связано с отсутствием для этой группы климато-зональных контрастов при призыве на действительную военную службу