Magnetic correlations and quantum criticality in the insulating antiferromagnetic, insulating spin liquid, renormalized Fermi liquid, and metallic antiferromagnetic phases of the Mott system V_2O_3

Magnetic correlations in all four phases of pure and doped vanadium sesquioxide V_2O_3 have been examined by magnetic thermal neutron scattering. While the antiferromagnetic insulator can be accounted for by a Heisenberg localized spin model, the long range order in the antiferromagnetic metal is an incommensurate spin-density-wave, resulting from a Fermi surface nesting instability. Spin dynamics in the strongly correlated metal are dominated by spin fluctuations in the Stoner electron-hole continuum. Furthermore, our results in metallic V_2O_3 represent an unprecedentedly complete characterization of the spin fluctuations near a metallic quantum critical point, and provide quantitative support for the SCR theory for itinerant antiferromagnets in the small moment limit. Dynamic magnetic correlations for energy smaller than k_BT in the paramagnetic insulator carry substantial magnetic spectral weight. However, the correlation length extends only to the nearest neighbor distance. The phase transition to the antiferromagnetic insulator introduces a sudden switching of magnetic correlations to a different spatial periodicity which indicates a sudden change in the underlying spin Hamiltonian. To describe this phase transition and also the unusual short range order in the paramagnetic state, it seems necessary to take into account the orbital degrees of freedom associated with the degenerate d-orbitals at the Fermi level in V_2O_3.Comment: Postscript file, 24 pages, 26 figures, 2 tables, accepted by Phys. Rev.

The semiology of changing brand image

This article considers the attempted change to the image of an established brand by studying the semiotics within the brand’s historical advertising campaigns. The use of semiotics to study the interpretation of messages is discussed, and the link between interpretation of messages and advertising effectiveness in changing brand image is explored. The authors deconstruct advertisements of a brand to provide a model containing opposing dialectics that may aid managers by highlighting alternative symbolic messages contained in advertisements. Oncwe identified, these alternative symbolic messages may be used to help change brand image and influence advertising effectiveness. Although the study focuses upon a major brand of beer, this is an industry in which there are numerous small firms, and many of those have constrained marketing budgets, and thus need to make sure that their advertising is effective. Equally, entrepreneurial marketing is not to found only in the small firm, and the case study discusses a radical and imaginative brand repositioning of a well established product

Impact of Capsular Switch on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Incidence in a Vaccinated Population

BACKGROUND: Despite the dramatic decline in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) observed since the introduction of conjugate vaccination, it is feared that several factors may undermine the future effectiveness of the vaccines. In particular, pathogenic pneumococci may switch their capsular types and evade vaccine-conferred immunity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we first review the literature and summarize the available epidemiological data on capsular switch for S. pneumoniae. We estimate the weekly probability that a persistently carried strain may switch its capsule from four studies, totalling 516 children and 6 years of follow-up, at 1.5x10(-3)/week [4.6x10(-5)-4.8x10(-3)/week]. There is not enough power to assess an increase in this frequency in vaccinated individuals. Then, we use a mathematical model of pneumococcal transmission to quantify the impact of capsular switch on the incidence of IPD in a vaccinated population. In this model, we investigate a wide range of values for the frequency of vaccine-selected capsular switch. Predictions show that, with vaccine-independent switching only, IPD incidence in children should be down by 48% 5 years after the introduction of the vaccine with high coverage. Introducing vaccine-selected capsular switch at a frequency up to 0.01/week shows little effect on this decrease; yearly, at most 3 excess cases of IPD per 10(6) children might occur due to switched pneumococcal strains. CONCLUSIONS: Based on all available data and model predictions, the existence of capsular switch by itself should not impact significantly the efficacy of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on IPD incidence. This optimistic result should be tempered by the fact that the selective pressure induced by the vaccine is currently increasing along with vaccine coverage worldwide; continued surveillance of pneumococcal populations remains of the utmost importance, in particular during clinical trials of the new conjugate vaccines

Exploring perceptions of advertising ethics: an informant-derived approach

Whilst considerable research exists on determining consumer responses to pre-determined statements within numerous ad ethics contexts, our understanding of consumer thoughts regarding ad ethics in general remains lacking. The purpose of our study therefore is to provide a first illustration of an emic and informant-based derivation of perceived ad ethics. The authors use multi-dimensional scaling as an approach enabling the emic, or locally derived deconstruction of perceived ad ethics. Given recent calls to develop our understanding of ad ethics in different cultural contexts, and in particular within the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, we use Lebanon—the most ethically charged advertising environment within MENA—as an illustrative context for our study. Results confirm the multi-faceted and pluralistic nature of ad ethics as comprising a number of dimensional themes already salient in the existing literature but in addition, we also find evidence for a bipolar relationship between individual themes. The specific pattern of inductively derived relationships is culturally bound. Implications of the findings are discussed, followed by limitations of the study and recommendations for further research

More than competition: exploring stakeholder identities at a grassroots cause-related sporting event

The purpose of this paper is to (a) explore stakeholder identities of a grassroots cause-related sporting event; and (b) gain a better understanding of how identities are related to stakeholder development, support of the event, and future intentions. We used a mixed methods research design that consisted of two studies: qualitative followed by quantitative. Study 1 explored stakeholder identities and how they are related to stakeholder development and support of the event, and Study 2 examined how future intentions regarding attendance, donations, and sponsor support differ based on levels of stakeholder identity. Sports marketing and non-profit management literature streams as well as identity theory and social capital theory informed our studies. The National Kidney Foundation Surf Festival was selected because it is a grassroots cause-related sporting event with financial success over the last two decades. In addition, a surf contest, an action sport, is a unique sport setting in the nonprofit sector, which offers insight to marketers seeking to target subcultures. The findings of the qualitative study revealed three identities relevant to participants: sport subculture, community, and cause. A framework emerged from the data that illustrated how these identities unite together to generate social capital, which is linked to effective volunteer and sponsorship management. Quantitative analysis through survey data provided further evidence of the impact of identification with a cause-related sport activity on consumer outcomes. Results indicated attendees with high surf-related identity are more likely to attend future Surf Festivals, have higher intentions to donate to the cause, and have higher sponsor purchase intentions compared to those with low self-identity with the sport subculture. The conclusion discusses implications, framing the findings through the intersection of the sports marketing and non-profit sector industries, and provides suggestions for future research.Ye

Perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen terhadap praktik pegadaian swasta ditinjau dari peraturan otoritas jasa keuangan nomor. 31/POJK.05/2016 dan maslahah mursalah: Studi di Sarwah Mandiri Candi – Sidoarjo

INDONESIA: Prospek usaha jasa pegadaian swasta kedepan memang sangat menjanjikan. Akan tetapi, banyak jasa usaha gadai swasta kurang begitu memahami tata cara pegadaian yang benar dan sesuai dengan aturan. Sehingga, dikhawatirkan dapat merugikan bahkan dapat membodohkan para konsumen. Oleh karena itu OJK mengeluarkan aturan mengenai usaha pegadaian supaya memberikan perlindungan kepada masyarakat khusunya para konsumen pegadaian swasta. Penelitian ini memiliki dua rumusan masalah bagaimana perlindungan konsumen dalam praktik pegadaian swasta liar di Sarwah Mandiri ditinjau dari POJK.Nomor.31/POJK.05/2016 dan perlindungan konsumen terkait praktik pegadaian swasta di Sarwah Mandiri ditinjau dari Maslahah Mursalah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-sosiologis. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan melakukan wawancara. Kemudian terdapat lima tahap dalam pengolahan data, diantaranya tahap edit, klasifikasi, verifikasi, analisis dan tahap yang terakhir yaitu pembuatan kesimpulan. Perlindungan Hukum merupakan suatu pemberian jaminan atau kepastian bahwa seseorang akan mendapatkan apa yang telah menjadi hak dan kewajibannya, sehingga yang bersangkutan merasa aman. POJK Nomor. 31/ POJK.05/2016 Tentang Usaha Pegadaian serta Undang Undang Perlindungan Konsumen merupakan payung hukum yang memperkuat penegakan hukum di bidang usaha pegadaian khusunya pegadaian swasta. Pegadaian swasta merupakan instansi yang juga harus patuh dalam peraturan otoritas jasa keuangan dan undang undang perlindungan konsumen. Karena didalam praktik pegadaian swasta juga menyangkut perlindungan terhadap konsumennya. Apabila konsumen mendapatkan perlindungan dan merasakan kenyamanan maka dapat tercipta suatu kemaslahatan. ENGLISH: Right the future, private pawnshops in Indonesia looks promising. But now so many business private not know the right rule of pawnshops business. If that continues, that can make a consumer some loss. Because of that, OJK make a decisions or rule in pegadaian business that can give a consumer a protection from some loss (especially from private pawnshops). This research haved two problem, first how the consumer be well protected from private pegadaian practice that not legal in Sarwah Mandiri reviewed from POJK.Nomor.31/POJK.05/2016 ? And the next problem is how consumer protection related to private pegadaian practice that not legal in Sarwah Mandiri reviewed from Marsalah Mursalah. This research is empirical law research that used yuridis-sosilogis metode. In this research, the data taken from some interview. And then to processing the data, there is a 5 step. That step is edit, classification, verification, analisis and the last step is make a coclusion. Legal protection is a some safe quarantee for the people to haved that must belong to them. In POJK Nomor. 31/ POJK.05/2016, pawnshops business and consumer protection legislation is a legal protection that umbrella law make a strong establishment in pawnshops business especially private pawnshops. Private pawnshops is a company that must obedient in financial services of authority and consumer protection legislation. Because private pawnshops also have responsibility to protecting the consumer. If the consumer have protection and feel comfortable, will make trust in both side

Phase conjugate reflection of electromagnetic waves from a plasma

The authors have investigated the possibility of using a plasma as the nonlinear medium for generating phase-conjugate-reflected electromagnetic waves in the microwave region by almost-degenerate four-wave mixing. The reflected beam can be significantly amplified by the plasma. It was found that the phase conjugate reflection is of significant magnitude if the frequency and the wave vector difference of the signal wave, with respect to the pump waves, resonate with the frequency and the wave vector of the ion acoustic mode of the plasma