Energy performance evaluation of a photovoltaic window

A photovoltaic window specially built by a manufacturer has been studied. An amorphous silicon photovoltaic module encapsulated between two transparent glass sheets, an air chamber and a second double glass sheet with an air chamber forms the photovoltaic window. Everything is framed in a PVC structure. The effective dimensions of the a-Si photovoltaic module are 0.57x1.17 m2, equivalent to a standard measurement of 0.60x1.20 m2. To know the electrical characteristics of PV window in standard test conditions, a test in accordance with IEC standard 61646 it has carried out. A peak power of 50.74 Wp was obtained. Measurements of energy production in real sunlight were carried out. The window was placed vertically facing south on a test bench. Measurements of the energy produced by the photovoltaic window were made in several sunny days of August and September 2016 from sunrise to sunset. On average, the irradiance received on the plane of the photovoltaic window was 4114 Wh/m2 and the energy produced 71.2 Wh each day. These results match those obtained using the Malaga radiation databases. For one square meter of the window studied, 79.868 kWh/m2/year are obtained, when an overall efficiency of 0.8 is considered. Integrating this PV window in a building in Malaga (Spain), an annual electric production of 345030 kWh is obtained when a glazing surface of 4320 m2 is considered. This energy is enough to meet the annual electricity needs of the 68 household of the building.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucia Tech. This work is partially derived from the contract nº 8.06/5.31.4644 Libre Evolución de Energía S.L

Groups with infinitely many ends acting analytically on the circle

This article takes the inspiration from two milestones in the study of non minimal actions of groups on the circle: Duminy's theorem about the number of ends of semi-exceptional leaves and Ghys' freeness result in analytic regularity. Our first result concerns groups of analytic diffeomorphisms with infinitely many ends: if the action is non expanding, then the group is virtually free. The second result is a Duminy's theorem for minimal codimension one foliations: either non expandable leaves have infinitely many ends, or the holonomy pseudogroup preserves a projective structure.Comment: We can now make a precise reference to Deroin's work arXiv:1811.10298. 54 pages, 2 figure

Analysis of a PV Window for Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Applications

An amorphous silicon photovoltaic module encapsulated between two transparent glass sheets, an air chamber and a second double glass sheet with an air chamber forms the photovoltaic window. Everything is framed in a PVC structure. The effective dimensions of the a-Si photovoltaic module are 0,57 m x 1,17 m, equivalent to a standard measurement of 0,60 m x 1,20 m. To know the electrical characteristics of PV window in standard test conditions, a test in accordance with IEC standard 61646 and 61215 was carried out. A peak power of 50,74 Wp was obtained and a power uncertainty of ± 6,78% was found. The PV window was placed in a test bench installed on the rooftop of the building of the Andalusian Institute of Renewable Energies, at Málaga (36,73 N; 4,55 W). The test bench allows an adjustment of both azimuth and inclination. A pyranometer was used to measure the global irradiance on the window plane, and a temperature sensor measures its temperature. The photovoltaic window was placed in vertical position facing South. A protocol for data collection that allows knowing the instantaneous power generated by the photovoltaic window has been developed. The irradiance received in a sunny day on the plane of the photovoltaic window was 4114 Wh/m2 and the energy produced was 71,2 Wh. These values are consistent with radiation data obtained from databases and the power value obtained from PV window under standard test conditions. The production of electricity, the economic savings, and CO2 emissions avoided will be analyzed if PV semi-transparent windows were used to replace the glazing skylight of the Industrial Engineering School of Malaga. It will result a BIPV system of 122,73 kWp that could produce 198 MWh per year, save € 27738 and avoid the emission into the atmosphere of 76 tons of CO2.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

HPK1-mediated negative regulation of T-cell activation

Die Interaktion zwischen (SRC homology 2 (SH2)-domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa) SLP76 und (Hematopoietic progenitor kinase1) HPK1 ist essentiell für eine erst kürzlich entdeckte Negativ-Regulation der T-Zell-Aktivierung. Es wurde gezeigt, dass eine einzige Punktmutation in SLP76 (S376A), die Phosphorylierung dieses Proteins durch HPK1 verhindert und somit die Negativ-Regulation beeinträchtigt. Folglich, sind reagieren T-Zellen dieser Mutante senitiver auf aktivierende Stimuli. SLP76 ist eine Hauptkomponente einer sich, bei T-Zell Rezeptor Stimulation, bildenden Signaling-Plattform. Zahlreiche Prozesse können von SLP76-mediiertem Signaling beeinflusst werden wie z.B.: Zell-Proliferation, -Survival, -Maturation und Differenzierung. SLP76 ist darüber hinaus bekanntlich essentiell für T-Zell Entwicklung. Ein SLP76-S376A Mausmodell wurde generiert um die physiologische Relevanz dieser defekten Negativ-Regulierung zu überprüfen. Diese Arbeit ist eine Charakterisierung eines SLP76-S376A mutanten Mousmodells, mit Fokus auf frühe Signaling-Events, Downstream-Effektorfunktionen und auch T-Zell Entwicklung im Thymus. In Übereinstimmung mit publizierten Daten für das HPK1 knock-out Mausmodell, demonstriert die SLP76-S376A Mutante keinerlei Defekte in T-Zell Entwicklung. Die SLP76-S376A Mutante zeigt jedoch, erhöhte Proliferationsraten und ERK (Extracellular signal-regulated kinase) Phosphorylierung in CD4+ und CD8+ SLP76-S376A T-Zellen, so wie auch inkrementierte INF-γ Produktion in SLP76-S376A CD8+ T-Zellen, im Vergleich zu Wildtyp T-Zellen. Schlussendlich präsentiert die SLP76-S376A Mutante einen Satz veränderter T-Zell-Eigenschaften welche von einer defekten Negativ-Regulierung, der T-Zell Rezeptor Aktivierung, stammen. In einem HPK1 knock-out Mausmodell wurde erst kürzlich verstärkte, T-Zell abhängige, Anti-Tumorimmunaktivität demonstriert (Alzabin et al. 2010). Aus diesem Grund habe ich eine bioluminiszente Tumorzelllinie entworfen, welche verwendet werden kann um die Rolle der HPK1-SLP76-Interaktion in Anti-Tumorimmunaktivität zu eruieren.A novel negative regulatory pathway of T-cell activation has been recently described, involving the scaffold protein SRC homology 2 (SH2)-domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 kDa (SLP76) and the Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1). It was shown that a single point mutation on SLP76 (S376A) prevents phosphorylation of this protein by HPK1 and impairs the negative regulation of T-cell activation, thus rendering T-cells more sensitive to activating stimuli. SLP76 is a major component of a signaling platform assembled upon antigen recognition by T-cells. Hence, SLP76 influences various processes including: T-cell survival, proliferation, maturation and differentiation. Furthermore, SLP76 has been reported to be essential for T-cell development. A SLP76-S376A mutant mouse model has been generated to investigate the physiological consequences of impairing the negative regulatory pathway mentioned above. One of the aims of this Master Thesis was to characterize these SLP76-S376A mutant mice, focusing in particular on the effects of the mutation on early TCR-mediated signaling and downstream effector functions of mature T-cells, as well as on thymic T-cell development, Our results indicate that SLP76-S376A mice do not exhibit significant defects in T-cell development, in line with previous reports with HPK1 knock-out mice. However, we demonstrated that TCR-stimulation induced higher Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) phosphorylation in SLP76-S376A peripheral T-cells compared to wild type cells. Moreover, we observed higher proliferation rates for SLP76-S376A mutant CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, as well as increased INF-γ production for SLP76-S376A mutant CD8+ T-cells. Collectively, these data suggest that SLP76-S376A mice display a set of altered T-cell properties most likely dependent on a defective negative regulation of TCR-induced signaling. Recent data demonstrating increased T-cell-dependent anti-tumor immunity in HPK1 knock-out mice (Alzabin et al., 2010), suggest that SLP76-S376A mice may be an optimal tool for investigating whether the negative regulatory function of HPK1 is responsible for its ability to control anti-tumor T-cell responses . Therefore, I also developed and validated a bioluminescent cancer cell line that will be useful to address the importance of the HPK1-SLP76 pathway in anti-tumor immunity

Statistical modelling of the microclimate in a naturally ventilated greenhouse

The time-series models introduced in this paper were developed to estimate and forecast temperature and humidity dynamics in an unheated, naturally ventilated greenhouse in Lisbon, Portugal. External and internal climatic data recorded over four consecutive months during the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum, Mill) growing season were used to build and validate forecasting models for simulating environmental conditions inside the greenhouse. The statistical models were assessed with co-integration and error correction methods, using hourly data. The main variables considered to estimate the internal air temperature were external temperature, ventilation rate and solar radiation. Internal relative humidity was predicted primarily from external relative humidity, ventilation rate and evapotranspiration. Internal greenhouse air temperature and relative humidity were closely related to solar radiation, external air temperature and ventilation rate. Despite the large number of parameters involved, both models provided a reliable prediction of the system dynamics. A comparison of measured and simulated data showed that the models were able to forecast internal greenhouse conditions reasonably well

Sur la dynamique unidimensionnelle en régularité intermédiaire

International audienceUsing probabilistic methods, we prove new rigidity results for groups and pseudo-groups of diffeomorphisms of one dimensional manifolds with intermediate regularity class (i.e. between C 1 and C 2). In particular, we show some generalizations of Denjoy theorem and the classical Kopell lemma for abelian groups. These techniques are also applied to the study of codimension-1 foliations. For instance, we obtain several generalized versions of Sacksteder theorem in class C 1. We conclude with some remarks about the stationary measure

Evolution of tyrosinemia type 1 disease in patients treated with nitisinone in Spain

Nephrocalcinosis; Phenotype; Severe liver dysfunctionNefrocalcinosis; Fenotipo; Disfunción hepática graveNefrocalcinosi; Fenotip; Disfunció hepàtica greuTreatment with nitisinone (NTBC) has brought about a drastic improvement in the treatment and prognosis of hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HT1). We conducted a retrospective observational multicentric study in Spanish HT1 patients treated with NTBC to assess clinical and biochemical long-term evolution.We evaluated 52 patients, 7 adults and 45 children, treated with NTBC considering: age at diagnosis, diagnosis by clinical symptoms, or by newborn screening (NBS); phenotype (acute/subacute/chronic), mutational analysis; symptoms at diagnosis and clinical course; biochemical markers; doses of NTBC; treatment adherence; anthropometric evolution; and neurocognitive outcome.The average follow-up period was 6.1 ± 4.9 and 10.6 ± 5.4 years in patients with early and late diagnosis respectively. All patients received NTBC from diagnosis with an average dose of 0.82 mg/kg/d. All NBS-patients (n = 8) were asymptomatic at diagnosis except 1 case with acute liver failure, and all remain free of liver and renal disease in follow-up. Liver and renal affectation was markedly more frequent at diagnosis in patients with late diagnosis (P T.After NTBC treatment a reduction in tyrosine and alpha-fetoprotein levels was observed in all the study groups, significant for alpha-fetoprotein in no NBS-group (P = .03), especially in subacute/chronic forms (P = .018).This series confirms that NTBC treatment had clearly improved the prognosis and quality of life of HT1 patients, but it also shows frequent cognitive dysfunctions and learning difficulties in medium-term follow-up, and, in a novel way, a high percentage of overweight/obesity

Influencia de la cobertura arbórea de sistemas silvopastoriles en la distribución de garrapatas en fincas ganaderas en el bosque seco tropical

La corta de árboles en pasturas ha sido implementada en algunas regiones como una medida de control sanitario,ya que muchos productores creen dicen que los ectoparásitos han sido encontrados bajo los árboles. El objetivo deeste estudio fue generar información sobre la distribución de garrapatas en el suelo de fincas ganaderas en el trópicoseco. Este estudio fue realizado en cuatro fincas ganaderas de la provincia de Guanacaste, Costa Rica. La influenciade la cobertura de árboles individuales, en grupos, en cercas vivas y pasturas abiertas establecidas en pasturas deBrachiaria brizantha y Hyparrhenia rufa fueron evaluados. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (p = 0,77)en el número de sitios con larvas de garrapatas larvas o en el total de número de larvas en el suelo (p = 0,18) entresistemas silvopastoriles y pasturas abiertas. Se encontró una relación significativa entre el número total de larvas enel suelo y la presencia de árboles dispersos en la pastura (p = 0,002), la humedad relativa (p = 0,004) y la temperaturadel aire (p = 0,005). Se encontró una relación negativa entre el número de sitios con larvas de garrapatas en elsuelo y el área de cobertura de dosel (p = 0,03). No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la población delarvas en el suelo bajo la cobertura de dosel entre sistemas silvopastoriles y pasturas abiertas, a pesar de encontrarsediferencias microclimáticas (temperatura del aire y humedad relativa) entre estos sitios

Aplicación de módulos y aplicativos multimediales inteligentes para la rehabilitación fisioterapéutica de adultos mayores con problemas de artrosis, artritis y tendinitis

El presente trabajo explica la creación y ejecución de aplicativos multimediales con el objetivo de contribuir en la rehabilitación fisioterapéutica en adultos mayores con molestias causadas por la artrosis, artritis y tendinitis. En la primera etapa se realiza un levantamiento de requerimientos por medio de encuestas para lo cual se identificó a una población de 32 adultos mayores, gracias a este proceso se pudieron identificar las molestias presentes en los adultos mayores de la población elegida de manera que se identifican problemas relacionados con artrosis y tendinitis. A continuación, se realizó el desarrollo de los aplicativos y módulos para ayudar en la rehabilitación fisioterapéutica, como resultado de la etapa de desarrollo se obtuvieron 2 módulos físicos y 3 aplicaciones móviles teniendo así los módulos de piano didáctico y la ruleta didáctica y las aplicaciones de juego máquina de baile, juego del piano y el juego desbloquéame. Por último, se realizó la aplicación de pruebas de los módulos y aplicaciones móviles en los adultos mayores, observando una mejoría en los malestares causados por artrosis y tendinitis