Accesibilidad web en las Universidades del Ecuador. Análisis preliminar

El interés de la accesibilidad web en Ecuador se enmarca en la declaración del Plan Nacional para el Buen Vivir, 2013- 2017, que en el segundo objetivo promueve la igualdad, inclusión y equidad social, además del interés del Estado en procurar un país sin barreras, explicitado en la Ley Orgánica de Discapacidades. Para alinearse con esta estrategia estatal, las universidades públicas deben procurar el cumplimiento de las normativas sobre accesibilidad web en sus portales web institucionales. En este artículo se verifica, a través de herramientas de software, el nivel de cumplimiento de las directrices sobre accesibilidad web y la observancia de la sintaxis de lenguajes de marcado y hojas de estilo, en los portales web de las principales universidades del Ecuador. A partir de los resultados del análisis se podrá establecer si es necesario mejorar el diseño de los portales web de las universidades.The interest about web accessibility in Ecuador is part of the declaration of the National Plan for Good Living, 2013 - 2017, the second objective that promotes equality, inclusion and social equity, and the state's interest in procure a country without barriers, explained in the Disabilities Act. To align with this strategy state public universities must ensure compliance with web accessibility standards on their institutional web portals. In this paper we verify, through software tools, compliance with web accessibility guidelines and adherence to the syntax of markup languages and style sheets, web sites of the major universities of Ecuador. From the analysis results will be established if necessary to improve the design of university web sites

The Europeanization of national elections. The role of country characteristics in shaping EU issue voting

Research has shown that voting in European elections is affected by domestic politics. However, in the last years, and particularly after the European debt crisis, also the EU has gained relevance and salience in national politics. In this paper we address the Europeanization of national elections and assess to what extent the characteristics of countries condition the intensity of EU issue voting. Using data from the European Election Studies and the Comparative Manifestos Project, our results demonstrate the importance of congruence between citizens’ and parties’ positions on the EU for the individual vote on the national level and show how this varies across countries. We provide evidence that EU issue voting is more intense in countries with more political influence in the EU as well as in countries that are net contributors to EU funds.We also acknowledge the Economic and Social Research Council for its generous support through grant ES/N01734X/1, and the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación through grant CSO2017-82881-R

User Experience for Disabled Users in Open Educational Resources Websites

Open Educational Resources (OER) are digital materials for teaching-learning purpose released under an open license that are available through websites. In the last decade, some governments have encouraged the development and using of OER in order to contribute to the achievement of the right to education for everyone, a fundamental right included in The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Besides, inclusion of people with disabilities is a global concern that need to be addressed in all living aspects including education.In this research we address the user experience in OER websites —considering the perspective of users with disabilities— in order to recognize possible barriers in web design. The conformance criteria considered for this reviewing are mandatory aspects of user experience in relation to Web accessibility and Web usability. &nbsp

Metadata in Open Educational Resources Websites: A Review from the Perspective of Disabled Users' Requirements

The Open Educational Resources (OERs) are digital pieces usually conceptualized as Learning Objects (LOs). LOs are prepared for use in educational environments. LOs are collected in Learning Object Repositories (LORs), which are a kind of a digital library or database, accessible through a website. The LORs store both LOs and their metadata. The metadata is data that describe LOs and can be used to facilitate the discovery of LOs. Besides, metadata also helps support archiving and preservation of LOs. In the context of this research the discoverability of LOs based on the users' requirements is analysed from the perspective of users with disabilities, hence we analyse accessibility and usability issues in OER websites. Additionally, this study performs a review of the most important metadata standards to verify if they include accessibility descriptors. Finally, based on the results, we can evaluate the current situation in the use of metadata in LOR from the perspective of disabled users’ requirements.This work has been partially supported by the Prometeo Project by SENESCYT, Ecuadorian Government and the GEODAS-BI (TIN2012-37493-C03-03) project from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness

Regulación y Co-regulación de las emociones de las familias de los estudiantes de un PRONOEI en La Victoria, 2022

La tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre las estrategias de coregulación de las emociones utilizadas por las familias y la regulación de las emociones de los niños y niñas de 2 años del Módulo 5 del PRONOEI La Victoria, 2022. Además se consideró un enfoque cuantitativo con un alcance correlacional. La población muestral fue de 64 familias, resultado del uso de un muestreo no probabilístico. La encuesta que se utilizó como técnica para recoger los datos y un instrumento para cada variable. Los resultados hallados fueron que el 82% de las familias encuestadas, utilizaron con regularidad estrategias de co-regulación de las emociones en los niños y niñas, asimismo que son el 59% de las familias encuestadas, indicaron que los niños y niñas a veces regulan sus emociones con regularidad. Respecto al resultado inferencial las estrategias de co-regulación de las emociones usadas por las familias no se relaciona significativamente con la regulación de las emociones de los niños de 2 años, siendo que de la prueba estadística de Spearman 0.114 con el valor de p = ,370 mayor el valor de α = ,0 5

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown in eating disorders: a multicentre collaborative international study

The COVID-19 lockdown has had a significant impact on mental health. Patients with eating disorders (ED) have been particularly vulnerable. Aims. (1) To explore changes in eating-related symptoms and general psychopathology during lockdown in patients with an ED from various European and Asian countries; and (2) to assess differences related to diagnostic ED subtypes, age, and geography. Methods. The sample comprised 829 participants, diagnosed with an ED according to DSM-5 criteria from specialized ED units in Europe and Asia. Participants were assessed using the COVID-19 Isolation Scale (CIES). Results. Patients with binge eating disorder (BED) experienced the highest impact on weight and ED symptoms in comparison with other ED subtypes during lockdown, whereas individuals with other specified feeding and eating disorders (OFSED) had greater deterioration in general psychological functioning than subjects with other ED subtypes. Finally, Asian and younger individuals appeared to be more resilient. Conclusions. The psychopathological changes in ED patients during the COVID-19 lockdown varied by cultural context and individual variation in age and ED diagnosis. Clinical services may need to target preventive measures and adapt therapeutic approaches for the most vulnerable patientsFondo Investigación Sanitario-FIS, Grant/Award Numbers: FIS, INT19/00046, PI17/01167; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Grant/Award Number: PSI2015-68701-R; Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology grant, Grant/Award Number: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028145; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Generalitat de Catalunya; European Regional Development Fun

Development and Evaluation of a Big Data Framework for Performance Management in Mobile Networks

In telecommunications, Performance Management (PM) data are collected from network elements to a centralized system, the Network Management System (NMS), which acts as a business intelligence tool specialized in monitoring and reporting network performance. Performance Management files contain the metrics and named counters used to quantify the performance of the network. Current NMS implementations have limitations in scalability and support for volume, variety, and velocity of the collected PM data, especially for 5G and 6G mobile network technologies. To overcome these limitations, we proposed a Big Data framework based on an analysis of the following components: software architecture, ingestion, data lake, processing, reporting, and deployment. Our work analyzed the PM files’ format on a real data set from four different vendors and 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G technologies. Then, we experimentally assessed our proposed framework’s feasibility through a case study involving 5G PM files. Test results of the ingestion and reporting components are presented, identifying the hardware and software required to support up to one billion counters per hour. This proposal can help telecommunications operators to have a reference Big Data framework to face the current and future challenges in the NMS, for instance, the support of data analytics in addition to the well-known services.This work was supported by the Unidad de Gestión de Investigación y Proyección Social from the Escuela Politécnica Nacional

Efficient processing of complex XSD using Hive and Spark

The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) files are widely used by the industry due to their flexibility in representing numerous kinds of data. Multiple applications such as financial records, social networks, and mobile networks use complex XML schemas with nested types, contents, and/or extension bases on existing complex elements or large real-world files. A great number of these files are generated each day and this has influenced the development of Big Data tools for their parsing and reporting, such as Apache Hive and Apache Spark. For these reasons, multiple studies have proposed new techniques and evaluated the processing of XML files with Big Data systems. However, a more usual approach in such works involves the simplest XML schemas, even though, real data sets are composed of complex schemas. Therefore, to shed light on complex XML schema processing for real-life applications with Big Data tools, we present an approach that combines three techniques. This comprises three main methods for parsing XML files: cataloging, deserialization, and positional explode. For cataloging, the elements of the XML schema are mapped into root, arrays, structures, values, and attributes. Based on these elements, the deserialization and positional explode are straightforwardly implemented. To demonstrate the validity of our proposal, we develop a case study by implementing a test environment to illustrate the methods using real data sets provided from performance management of two mobile network vendors. Our main results state the validity of the proposed method for different versions of Apache Hive and Apache Spark, obtain the query execution times for Apache Hive internal and external tables and Apache Spark data frames, and compare the query performance in Apache Hive with that of Apache Spark. Another contribution made is a case study in which a novel solution is proposed for data analysis in the performance management systems of mobile networks.Unidad de Gestión de Investigación y Proyección Social from the Escuela Politécnica Naciona

Pasado, presente y futuro de la revista de Ciencias Médicas La Habana

Se presenta un breve recuento histórico de la Revista de Ciencias Médicas La Habana desde el momento de su fundación, en 1987 hasta la actualidad, destacándose sus principales logros y sus valiosos aportes en la difusión del quehacer científico en la esfera de las Ciencias de la Salud en la provincia La Habana