252 research outputs found
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DISYRE: Diffusion-Inspired SYnthetic REstoration for Unsupervised Anomaly Detection
Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) techniques aim to identify and localize anomalies without relying on annotations, only leveraging a model trained on a dataset known to be free of anomalies. Diffusion models learn to modify inputs x to increase the probability of it belonging to a desired distribution, i.e., they model the score function âx log p(x). Such a score function is potentially relevant for UAD, since âx log p(x) is itself a pixel-wise anomaly score. However, diffusion models are trained to invert a corruption process based on Gaussian noise and the learned score function is unlikely to generalize to medical anomalies. This work addresses the problem of how to learn a score function relevant for UAD and proposes DISYRE: Diffusion-Inspired SYnthetic REstoration. We retain the diffusion-like pipeline but replace the Gaussian noise corruption with a gradual, synthetic anomaly corruption so the learned score function generalizes to medical, naturally occurring anomalies. We evaluate DISYRE on three common Brain MRI UAD benchmarks and substantially outperform other methods in two out of the three tasks
The Development of Civic Competencies at Secondary Level through Service-Learning Pedagogies
Recent years have seen increasing interest in ensuring that students at all levels in
the educational system may acquire broader interpersonal and civic competencies
beyond the technical and/or discipline-specific knowledge that has traditionally
been valued. This article discusses the emergence of secondary level as an
appropriate space for such âcitizenshipâ or âcivicâ education. Hence, the possibility
of developing the intellectual and social competencies associated with citizenship
or civic-mindedness at that level is explored. This issue is first addressed in general
terms; then we present an experiential pedagogy known as Service-Learning (SL),
which has been growing in popularity as an effective approach for achieving the
learning outcomes (e.g. knowledge, skills, attitudes) that enable participation in
a democratic society. Later, two programs based on this methodology which are
applicable to this level of education are presented. After analysis and evaluation of
these programs, we appraised the suitability of Service-Learning for the development
of civic competencies in secondary education students, the citizens and professionals
of the XXI century
Conserved and Distinct Modes of CREB/ATF Transcription Factor Regulation by PP2A/B56Îł and Genotoxic Stress
Activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) and the closely related proteins CREB (cyclic AMP resonse element binding protein) and CREM (cyclic AMP response element modulator) constitute a subfamily of bZIP transcription factors that play critical roles in the regulation of cellular growth, metabolism, and survival. Previous studies demonstrated that CREB is phosphorylated on a cluster of conserved Ser residues, including Ser-111 and Ser-121, in response to DNA damage through the coordinated actions of the ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) protein kinase and casein kinases 1 and 2 (CK1/2). Here, we show that DNA damage-induced phosphorylation by ATM is a general feature of CREB and ATF1. ATF1 harbors a conserved ATM/CK cluster that is constitutively and stoichiometrically phosphorylated by CK1 and CK2 in asynchronously growing cells. Exposure to DNA damage further induced ATF1 phosphorylation on Ser-51 by ATM in a manner that required prior phosphorylation of the upstream CK residues. Hyperphosphorylated ATF1 showed a 4-fold reduced affinity for CREB-binding protein. We further show that PP2A, in conjunction with its targeting subunit B56Îł, antagonized ATM and CK1/2-dependent phosphorylation of CREB and ATF1 in cellulo. Finally, we show that CK sites in CREB are phosphorylated during cellular growth and that phosphorylation of these residues reduces the threshold of DNA damage required for ATM-dependent phosphorylation of the inhibitory Ser-121 residue. These studies define overlapping and distinct modes of CREB and ATF1 regulation by phosphorylation that may ensure concerted changes in gene expression mediated by these factors
The longitude problem from the 1700s to today: An international and general education physics course
For instructors wishing to use physics as part of an international or general education course, the framework for a course based on the âlongitude problemâ from the 1700s is described. The longitude problem is teeming with basic principles of physics and astronomy, which makes it ideal for a non-science-major-based college-level course. This paper summarizes the longitude problem in the context of conceptual physics and astronomy and outlines an appropriate curriculum. Specifics on teaching such a course in London, as part of an international studies program, are discussed
Robust Target Gene Discovery through Transcriptome Perturbations and Genome-Wide Enhancer Predictions in Drosophila Uncovers a Regulatory Basis for Sensory Specification
CisTarget X is a novel computational method that accurately predicts Atonal governed regulatory networks in the retina of the fruit fly
Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial
Background
Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy
Fostering Professional Ethical Competence During Teacher Training Practice
Professionals who have undergone their training at university should possess not only the knowledge-base necessary to practice in their chosen profession, but also the ethical principles that ensure responsible professional practice and the corresponding benefits for society.
The research project addressed in the present article aimed to contribute to fostering ethical competence and commitment amongst future teachers. During the experience the participants had the opportunity to design tasks that stimulated reflection, critique and ethical awareness.Specialistai, ÄŻgijÄ universitetinÄŻ iĆĄsilavinimÄ
, turi bĆ«ti sukaupÄ ne tik ĆŸiniĆł, kurios bĆ«tinos
profesinÄje veikloje, bet ir gebÄti vadovautis etikos principais, kurie uĆŸtikrintĆł atsakingÄ
ir visuomenÄs gerovei reikalingÄ
profesinÄ veiklÄ
. Tyrime, pristatomame ĆĄiame straipsnyje, analizuojamos bĆ«simĆłjĆł mokytojĆł etinÄs kompetencijos plÄtros ir atsidavimo darbui problemos. Tyrimo
dalyviai turÄjo galimybÄ kurti uĆŸduotis, kurios skatino refleksijÄ
, kritikÄ
ir etinÄŻ sÄ
moningumÄ
.Les professionnels ayant reçu leur formation auprÚs des Universités
disposeront, non seulement des connaissances de base nĂ©cessaires Ă
l'exercice de leur métier, mais aussi les principes éthiques
garantissant un exercice professionnel responsable portant bĂ©nĂ©fice sur la sociĂ©tĂ©. Le projet de recherche prĂ©sentĂ© sous ce titre a comme objectif la contribution Ă la favorisation de la compĂ©tence Ă©thique et de l'engagement parmi les futurs enseignants. Lors de cette expĂ©rience, les participants ont eu l'occasion d'Ă©laborer des tĂąches favorisant la rĂ©flexion, la critique et la pensĂ©e critique.ĐŃĐŸŃĐ”ŃŃĐžĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»Ń, ĐżĐŸĐ»ŃŃĐžĐČŃОД ŃĐœĐžĐČĐ”ŃŃĐžŃĐ”ŃŃĐșĐŸĐ” ĐŸĐ±ŃĐ°Đ·ĐŸĐČĐ°ĐœĐžĐ”, ĐœĐ” ŃĐŸĐ»ŃĐșĐŸ ĐżĐŸĐ»ŃŃĐ°ŃŃ ĐŸŃĐœĐŸĐČĐœŃĐ” Đ·ĐœĐ°ĐœĐžŃ ĐŽĐ»Ń ŃĐ°Đ±ĐŸŃŃ ĐżĐŸ ŃĐČĐŸĐ”Đč ĐżŃĐŸŃĐ”ŃŃОО, ĐœĐŸ Đž ĐŒĐŸŃĐ°Đ»ŃĐœŃĐ” ĐżŃĐžĐœŃОпŃ, ĐșĐŸŃĐŸŃŃĐ” ĐŸĐ±Đ”ŃпДŃĐžĐČĐ°ŃŃ ĐŸŃĐČĐ”ŃŃŃĐČĐ”ĐœĐœŃŃ ĐżŃĐŸŃĐ”ŃŃĐžĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»ŃĐœŃŃ ŃĐ°Đ±ĐŸŃŃ Đž ŃĐŸĐŸŃĐČĐ”ŃŃŃĐČŃŃŃŃŃ ĐČŃĐłĐŸĐŽŃ ĐŽĐ»Ń ĐŸĐ±ŃĐ”ŃŃĐČĐ°. ЊДлŃŃ ĐžŃŃĐ»Đ”ĐŽĐŸĐČĐ°ŃДлŃŃĐșĐŸĐłĐŸ ĐżŃĐŸĐ”ĐșŃĐ°,ĐżŃДЎŃŃĐ°ĐČĐ»Đ”ĐœĐœĐŸĐłĐŸ ĐżĐŸĐŽ ŃŃĐžĐŒ ĐžĐŒĐ”ĐœĐ”ĐŒ, ŃĐČĐ»ŃĐ”ŃŃŃ ŃŃĐ°ŃŃОД ĐČ ŃŃĐžĐŒŃĐ»ŃŃОО ĐżŃĐŸŃĐ”ŃŃĐžĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»ŃĐœĐŸĐč ŃŃĐžĐșĐž Đž ĐșĐŸĐŒĐżŃĐŸĐŒĐžŃŃĐ° ŃŃДЎО бŃĐŽŃŃĐžŃ
ĐżŃĐ”ĐżĐŸĐŽĐ°ĐČĐ°ŃДлДĐč. ĐĐŸ ĐČŃĐ”ĐŒŃ ĐżŃĐŸĐČĐ”ĐŽĐ”ĐœĐžŃ ŃĐșŃпДŃĐžĐŒĐ”ĐœŃĐ°, ŃŃĐ°ŃŃĐœĐžĐșĐž ĐżĐŸĐ»ŃŃОлО ĐČĐŸĐ·ĐŒĐŸĐ¶ĐœĐŸŃŃŃ ŃĐ°Đ·ŃĐ°Đ±ĐŸŃĐ°ŃŃ Đ·Đ°ĐŽĐ°ĐœĐžŃ, ŃŃĐžĐŒŃлОŃŃŃŃОД ŃĐ°Đ·ĐŒŃŃĐ»Đ”ĐœĐžĐ”, ĐșŃĐžŃĐžĐșŃ Đž ĐșŃĐžŃĐžŃĐžŃĐșĐŸĐ” ŃĐŸĐ·ĐœĐ°ĐœĐžĐ”.Los profesionales que han recibido su formaciĂłn en la Universidad,
poseerĂĄn no solo el conocimiento base necesario para la prĂĄctica en su profesiĂłn, sino tambiĂ©n los principios Ă©ticos que aseguran la prĂĄctica profesional responsable y el correspondiente beneficio para la sociedad. El proyecto de investigaciĂłn presentado con este tĂtulo tiene como objetivo contribuir a estimular la competencia Ă©tica y el compromiso
entre los futuros docentes. Durante la experiencia, los participantes
tuvieron la oportunidad de diseñar tareas que estimularan la reflexiĂłn, la crĂtica y la conciencia crĂtica
Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
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