An overview of the predictors of symptomatic urinary tract infection among nursing students

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infection experienced by humans after respiratory and gastro‑intestinal infections, and also the most common cause of nosocomial infections for patients admitted to hospitals indeed UTIs are the most frequent bacterial infection in women. Aim: The aim was to determine the prevalence of UTI and to identify factors associated with an increased risk of UTI among nursing students. Subjects and Methods: The cross‑sectional study involved 177 unmarried nursing students aged 18–30 years studying in the SRMSIMS, Nursing College Bareilly. A structured questionnaire was used, and study subjects were asked regarding the symptoms of UTI in the previous 3 months. Chi‑square test and Univariate Logistic Regression was used to analyze the data. Results: The overall prevalence of UTI was found to be 19.8% (35/177). Rural background, inadequate water intake, and unsatisfactory toilet habits were found to be strong predictors of UTI. Conclusions: There is an urgent need to sensitize the nursing students regarding the growing need of the issue so that they themselves become aware in addition to raising the awareness of other high‑risk groups.Keywords: Nursing students, Prevalence, Urinary tract infectio

Um modelo para analise economica de reforma em povoamentos de eucalipto.

É apresentado um modelo computarizado chamado "RENEWAL" para auxiliar na análise econômica da viabilidade de reforma ou do número de talhadias em povoamento de eucalipto. O modelo utiliza o critério de maximização do valor líquido presente (NPV) que leva em contas as seguintes variáveis: 1) preço de madeira de eucalipto; 2) custos de implantação e das talhadias: 3) produtividade dos diversos cortes; 4) taxa de crescimento dos preços de eucalipto: 5) taxa de juros. Um exemplo hipotético baseado em dados de Euca/yptus sa/igna em São Paulo é usado para se determinar a rotação ótima e o número de cortes intermediários. Vários cenários foram analisados e recomendações foram sugeridas

Economic analysis of tissue cultured banana (Musa × paradisiaca) production under the influence of integrated nutrient management

An experiment was conducted to evaluate various integrated nutrient management packages to evaluate the yield, quality and economics of banana (Musa × paradisaca L.) cultivation during 2008-2010. The response of INM on economics of tissue cultured banana cv. Grand Naine indicated that the overall cost of cultivation as well as economics of banana production was significantly influenced by integration of biofertilizers, organic manure and inorganic fertilizers. Among the different treatments, highest expenditure of ₹ 264 110.00 per ha was incurred in 100% RDF + VAM + Azospirillum + PSB + Trichoderma harzianum. However, the same treatment recorded the highest gross as well as net income. In spite of maximum cost of cultivation, the highest cost benefit ratio of 4.22:1 was also recorded in this treatment, followed by 75% RDF +VAM + Azospirillum + PSB + Trichoderma harzianum

Thawing Versus. Tracker Behaviour: Observational Evidence

Currently there is a variety of scalar field models to explain the late time acceleration of the Universe. This includes the standard canonical and non-canonical scalar field models together with recently proposed Galileon scalar field models. One can divide all these scalar field models into two broad categories, namely the thawing and the tracker class. In this work we investigate the evidence for these models with the presently available observational data using the Bayesian approach. We use the Generalized Chaplygin Gas (GCG) parametrization for dark energy equation of state (EoS) as it gives rise to both the thawing and tracking behaviours for different values of the parameters. Analysis of the observational data does not give any clear evidence for either thawing or tracking behaviour within the context of background cosmology, However, if we consider the evolution of inhomogenities and analyze the data in this context then there is a significant evidence in favour of thawing behaviour.Comment: 6 Pages, three eps figures, new material added, new references added. Conclusion changed. Accepted for publication MNRA

Clues to multiple exposure history of some meteorites

This article does not have an abstract

Circulating extracellular vesicles induce monocyte dysfunction and are associated with sepsis and high mortality in cirrhosis

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is common in cirrhosis and is often a result of immune dysregulation. Specific stimuli and pathways of inter-cellular communications between immune cells in cirrhosis and sepsis are incompletely understood. Immune cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles (EV) were studied to understand mechanisms of sepsis in cirrhosis. METHODS: Immune-cell derived EV were measured in cirrhosis patients [Child-Turcotte-Pugh (Child) score A, n=15; B n=16; C n=43 and Child-C with sepsis (n=38)], and healthy controls (HC, n=11). In-vitro and in-vivo functional relevance of EV in cirrhosis and associated sepsis was investigated. RESULTS: Monocyte, neutrophil and hematopoietic stem cells associated EV progressively increased with higher Child score (p0.3, p<0.001), which further increased in Child C sepsis than without sepsis(p<0.001); monocyte EV showing the highest association with disease stage [p=0.013; Odds ratio-4.14(1.34-12.42)]. A threshold level of monocyte EV of 53/µl predicted mortality in patients of Child C with sepsis [Odds ratio-6.2 (2.4-15.9), AUROC=0.76, p<0.01]. In vitro EV from cirrhotic with sepsis compared without sepsis, induced mobilization arrest in healthy monocytes within 4 hours (p=0.004), reduced basal oxygen consumption rate (p<0.001) and induced pro-inflammatory genes (p<0.05). The septic-EV on adoptive transfer to C57/BL6J mice, induced sepsis like condition within 24h with leukocytopenia (p=0.005), intrahepatic inflammation with increased CD11b+ cells (p=0.03) and bone marrow hyperplasia (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Extracellular vesicles induce functional impairment in circulating monocytes and contribute to the development and perpetuation of sepsis. High levels of monocyte EV correlate with mortality and can help early stratification of sicker patients

Deviation From \Lambda CDM With Cosmic Strings Networks

In this work, we consider a network of cosmic strings to explain possible deviation from \Lambda CDM behaviour. We use different observational data to constrain the model and show that a small but non zero contribution from the string network is allowed by the observational data which can result in a reasonable departure from \Lambda CDM evolution. But by calculating the Bayesian Evidence, we show that the present data still strongly favour the concordance \Lambda CDM model irrespective of the choice of the prior.Comment: 15 Pages, Latex Style, 4 eps figures, Revised Version, Accepted for publication in European Physical Journal

The association between obesity and weight loss after bariatric surgery on the vaginal microbiota

Background: Obesity and vaginal microbiome (VMB) dysbiosis are each risk factors for adverse reproductive and oncological health outcomes in women. Here, we investigated the relationship between obesity, vaginal bacterial composition, local inflammation and bariatric surgery. Methods: Vaginal bacterial composition assessed by high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and local cytokine levels measured using a multiplexed Magnetic Luminex Screening Assay were compared between 67 obese and 42 non-obese women. We further assessed temporal changes in the microbiota and cytokines in a subset of 27 women who underwent bariatric surgery. Results: The bacterial component of the vaginal microbiota in obese women was characterised by a lower prevalence of a Lactobacillus-dominant VMB and higher prevalence of a high diversity (Lactobacillus spp., and Gardnerella- spp. depleted) VMB, compared with non-obese subjects (