Plantar flexor muscles asymmetry and their lower strength is maybe related to development of low back pain during prolonged standing

Purpose: Research has shown that there are some risk factors for creating and developing low back pain with prolonged standing. For attempt to recognition of predisposing factors to development of LBP during prolonged standing, the purpose of this study was to investigate to maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) at selected groups of muscles and some of the psychological aspects in back-healthy subjects who developed LBP during prolonged standing.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 25 back-healthy subjects and 14 chronic nonspecific LBP completed anxiety inventory (STAI), Tampa Scale for kinesiophobia (TSK) and pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) questionnaires. Dynamometer was used to assess MVC of the selected groups of muscles. Finally back-healthy subjects get tested for 2 h prolonged standing protocol and based on a visual analog scale (VAS) were categorized as pain developers (PD) or non-pain developers (NPD).Results: Ten subjects (% 40) with developing pain were categorized as PD. There were no significant difference at psychological aspects between three groups of PD, NPD and LBP had. But analysis of MVC showed PD and LBP groups had less MVC at the left plantar flexors than left plantar flexors of the NPD group. Also PD and LBP groups had significantly more between two sides asymmetry at MVC at the plantar flexors compared to  NPD group.Conclusion: This preliminary data suggests less MVC and asymmetry of MVC at plantar flexor muscles maybe related to development of the LBP during prolonged standing in the back-healthy peoples. Future study is needed to investigate other function of plantar flexors and their probably relations to development of LBP during prolonged standing

The relationship between Personality Traits, Anxiety and Depression, in Life Quality of patients under treatment by Hemodialysis [HD]

Please cite this article as: Bakhtiari M, Falaknazi K, Lotfi M, Noori M, Naseri Saleh Abad A. The relationship between Personality Traits, Anxiety and Depression, in Life Quality of patients under treatment by Hemodialysis [HD]. Novel Biomed 2013;1:1-7.Background: The purpose of this study is to examine personality traits in renal patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) and its connection to depression, anxiety, and life quality. In this study we also aim to propose an intervention for treatment and prevention of these personality traits.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 70 patients affected by chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis treatment. Patients were selected based on an accessible sample. Required data were gathered through questioners: Hospital Anxiety and Depression, NEO-FFL, and SF-36 Health Survey.Results: Based on the results obtained from this study 47.1% of patients undergoing HD treatment fall into the abnormal category according to the rate of depression. There is a positive meaningful correlation between conscientiousness and agreeableness and a negative correlation between extroversion, anxiety, and depression in life quality of renal patients.Conclusion: With respect to the correlation existing between the quality of life and the personality traits, anxiety and depression, in patients under HD treatment, life quality and treatment outcome can be improved if psychological problems are diagnosed early and psycho education and social interventions are presented

Erratum: COMPARE CPM-RMI trial: Intramyocardial transplantation of autologous bone marrow-derived CD133+ cells and MNCs during CABG in patients with recent MI: A phase II/III, multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. (Cell Journal (2018) 20:3 (449) DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2018.5197)

This article published in Cell J (Yakhteh), Vol 20, No 2, Jul-Sep 2018, on pages 267-277, four affiliations (1, 4, 5, and 10) were changed based on authors request. © 2018 Royan Institute (ACECR). All rights reserved

COMPARE CPM-RMI Trial: Intramyocardial transplantation of autologous bone marrow-derived CD133+ Cells and MNCs during CABG in patients with recent MI: A Phase II/III, multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial

Objective: The regenerative potential of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (MNCs) and CD133+ stem cells in the heart varies in terms of their pro-angiogenic effects. This phase II/III, multicenter and double-blind trial is designed to compare the functional effects of intramyocardial autologous transplantation of both cell types and placebo in patients with recent myocardial infarction (RMI) post-coronary artery bypass graft. Materials and Methods: This was a phase II/III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial COMPARE CPM-RMI (CD133, Placebo, MNCs - recent myocardial infarction) conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki that assessed the safety and efficacy of CD133 and MNCs compared to placebo in patients with RMI. We randomly assigned 77 eligible RMI patients selected from 5 hospitals to receive CD133+ cells, MNC, or a placebo. Patients underwent gated single photon emission computed tomography assessments at 6 and 18 months post-intramyocardial transplantation. We tested the normally distributed efficacy outcomes with a mixed analysis of variance model that used the entire data set of baseline and between-group comparisons as well as within subject (time) and group�time interaction terms. Results: There were no related serious adverse events reported. The intramyocardial transplantation of both cell types increased left ventricular ejection fraction by 9 95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.14% to 15.78%, P=0.01 and improved decreased systolic wall thickening by -3.7 (95% CI: -7.07 to -0.42, P=0.03). The CD133 group showed significantly decreased non-viable segments by 75% (P=0.001) compared to the placebo and 60% (P=0.01) compared to the MNC group. We observed this improvement at both the 6- and 18-month time points. Conclusion: Intramyocardial injections of CD133+ cells or MNCs appeared to be safe and efficient with superiority of CD133+ cells for patients with RMI. Although the sample size precluded a definitive statement about clinical outcomes, these results have provided the basis for larger studies to confirm definitive evidence about the efficacy of these cell types (Registration Number: NCT01167751). © 2018 Royan Institute (ACECR). All Rights Reserved

Global variations in diabetes mellitus based on fasting glucose and haemogloblin A1c

Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but may identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening had elevated FPG, HbA1c, or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardised proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed, and detected in survey screening, ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the agestandardised proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29-39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global gap in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance.peer-reviewe

Design of Linear Matrix Inequality-Based Adaptive Barrier Global Sliding Mode Fault Tolerant Control for Uncertain Systems with Faulty Actuators

This paper proposes a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based adaptive barrier global sliding mode control (ABGSMC) for uncertain systems with faulty actuators. The proposed approach is derived using a novel global nonlinear sliding surface to guarantee the global dynamic property and to ensure system stability and the occurrence of sliding in the presence of actuator faults. The optimal coefficients of the sliding surface are determined using the LMI method. The system’s asymptotic stability is proven using Lyapunov theory. Additionally, an adaptive barrier function is considered to ensure the convergence of the output variables to a predefined locality of zero in a limited time, even where external disturbances and actuator faults are present. In order to decrease the steepness of the control action and mitigate the chattering phenomenon, the hyperbolic tangent function is employed instead of the signum function in the sliding mode control. The proposed method is validated using a simulation study of the Genesio’s chaotic system

PREMATURE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN MILITARY AND NON-MILITARY INDIVIDUALS

Abstract &nbsp;&nbsp; INTRODUCTION: Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is a major cause of death all over the world. When the afflicted individual is under the age of 40, the tragic consequences for family, friends, and occupation are particularly catastrophic and unexpected. &nbsp;&nbsp; METHODS AND MATERIALS: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, all of the 12010 patients with symptoms of coronary artery disease including chest pain, dyspnea, palpitation, dizziness and syncope were candidates for coronary artery angiography and hospitalized in Jamaran Heart Center or Baqyiatallah General Hospital between 2002 and 2004. Patients were divided into militarist and non-militarist. RESULTS: Out of the total number of patients, 9663 (80.8%) were affected with coronary artery disease and the rest (19.2%) did not have any positive angiographic indication in favor of coronary artery disease. Fifty-five percent of coronary artery disease cases happened among under-55-year-olds in the military group while this figure was 32% in the non-military group (P=0.024). So, military activity may reduce the age of coronary artery disease manifestations. &nbsp;&nbsp; CONCLUSION: Considering the fact that the relative frequency of military personnel with coronary artery disease was higher compared with the non-military individuals below 45 years of age, and given frequency distribution of risk factors in the former being different from military personnel above 45 years of age, it seems that the management of cardiovascular disease prevention in military personnel should be different from other population groups; they in fact need earlier and more precise control. &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Keywords: Coronary Disease, Premature Coronary Artery Disease, Military Personnel.</p

The effect of β-phase condition on the tensile behaviour in a near-β Ti alloy produced by blended elemental powder metallurgy

In this study, a Ti-10V-3Fe-3Al alloy produced by the blended elemental powder metallurgy technique was subjected to two heat treatments at 675℃ and 625℃, resulting in lower β-phase stability and larger β-domain size in the sample heat treated at the higher temperature. The microstructural response to uniaxial tensile loading for the two conditions was investigated using a combination of optical microscopy, electron back-scattering diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The observations indicate that a majority of deformation-induced products are formed in the vicinity of the fracture surface due to stress tri-axiality. Within this region, the 675℃ sample accommodated deformation via dominant {332}〈113〉 twinning, α″ martensite formation and limited {112}〈111〉 twinning. On the other hand, the sample with higher β-phase stability accommodated deformation via α″ martensite formation and perfect slip with reduced twinning activity. The formation of deformation-induced ωD phase between the β matrix and α″ martensite laths was also observed in the sample with lower β-phase stability. Reduction of the interfacial energy by stress relaxation is assumed to be the driving force for ωD formation