Profil Diferensiasi Leukosit dan Biomarker Stress Sapi Perah Laktasi dengan Pemberian Feed Supplement di Kelompok Ternak Tunas Mekar KSU Tandangsari

This research was conducted from April to June 2023 at the Tunas Mekar Cattle Group, KSU Tandangsari. As many as 16 Friesian Holstein (FH) dairy cows lactating 1-5, were used in this study to review the leukocyte differentiation and biomarker stress profiles and find out which treatment had the best effect on the leukocyte differentiation profile and biomarker stress. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments included P0 (control) consisting of 60% forage + 40% concentrate; P1 = 60% forage + 40% concentrate (97% concentrate + 3% protein by-pass); P2 = 60% forage + 40% concentrate (95% concentrate + 3% protein by-pass + 2% Ca-PUFA); and P3 = 60% forage + 40% concentrate (93% concentrate + 3% protein by-pass + 2% Ca-PUFA + 2% organic minerals). Based on the results of the study, it was shown that feeding supplementation had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the leukocyte differentiation profile and stress biomarkers of lactating dairy cattle in the Mekar Tunas Livestock Group, KSU Tandangsari. Lactation dairy cows treated with P3 = 60% forage + 40% concentrate (93% concentrate + 3% protein by-pass + 2% Ca-PUFA + 2% organic minerals) had lower mean leukocyte differentiation and biomarker stress than controls ( P<0.05). This can be interpreted that the provision of rations supplemented with feed supplements in the form of 3% protein by-pass + 2% Ca-PUFA + 2% organic minerals is able to reduce the level of heat stress as seen based on leukocyte levels and their differentiation and stress marker enzymes in the blood.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April – Juni 2023 di Kandang Kelompok Ternak Tunas Mekar KSU Tandangsari. Sebanyak 16 ekor sapi perah Friesian Holstein (FH) laktasi 1-5, telah digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengkaji profil diferensiasi leukosit dan biomarker stress dan mengetahui perlakuan mana yang memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap profil diferensiasi leukosit dan biomarker stress. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan diantaranya yaitu P0 (kontrol) terdiri atas 60% hijauan + 40% konsentrat; P1 = 60% hijauan + 40% konsentrat (97% konsentrat + 3% protein by-pass); P2 = 60% hijauan + 40% konsentrat (95% konsentrat + 3% protein by-pass + 2% Ca-PUFA); dan P3 = 60% hijauan + 40% konsentrat (93% konsentrat + 3% protein by-pass + 2% Ca-PUFA + 2% mineral organik). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian feed supplement berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap profil diferensiasi leukosit dan biomarker stress sapi perah laktasi di Kelompok Ternak Tunas Mekar KSU Tandangsari. Sapi perah laktasi yang diberi perlakuan P3 = 60% hijauan + 40% konsentrat (93% konsentrat + 3% protein by-pass + 2% Ca-PUFA + 2% mineral organik) memiliki rataan diferensiasi leukosit dan biomarker stress lebih rendah dibanding kontrol (P<0,05). Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ransum yang disuplementasi feed supplement berupa 3% protein by-pass + 2% Ca-PUFA + 2% mineral organik mampu menurunkan tingkat stress panas yang dilihat berdasarkan kadar leukosit dan diferensiasinya serta enzim penanda stress dalam darah

An analytical method for vibro-impact between shrouded blades under a multiple-harmonic excitation

The impact vibration between shrouded blades under a multiple-harmonic excitation in an aircraft engine is analyzed in this paper to study the influence of parameters on dynamic behavior of the system. Aircraft engine blades undergo high vibrations caused by the centrifugal forces and gas forces during operation. The blade vibrations lead to high dynamic stress that causes high cyclic fatigue failure. In order to reduce the dynamic stress, a common technology is adding a shroud to each blade to generate a new damping from impact and friction between the shrouds. To investigate the impact vibration, a model composed of springs and a cantilever beam with a lumped mass is developed to simulate the cyclic symmetry structure of the shrouded blade in aircraft engines. The model is exerted a multiple-harmonic excitation to simulate the centrifugal force and the gas force during operation. Adopting multiple-harmonic excitation is closer to reality than harmonic excitation. The Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is utilized in deriving the equation of motion and the associated boundary conditions. Employing the Galerkin’s method, an approximate analytical solution is obtained by using the Fourier series method. Explicit expressions are obtained to calculate the responses of the system. Based on the expressions, parametric analysis is conducted to study the effect of the gap between shrouds, the mass ratio of the shroud to the blade and the stiffness ratio on the responses of the system. The numerical results indicate that there is an optimum mass ratio that makes the amplitude of the response lowest; the gap between shrouds and the stiffness ratio have effects on the responses and the resonance frequencies of the system. The analytical method used here for the approximate analytical solution can be extended to study other continuous systems

Mitigating Anomalous Electricity Consumption in Smart Cities Using an AI-Based Stacked-Generalization Technique

Energy management and efficient asset utilization play an important role in the economic development of a country. The electricity produced at the power station faces two types of losses from the generation point to the end user. These losses are technical losses (TL) and non-technical losses (NTL). TLs occurs due to the use of inefficient equipment. While NTLs occur due to the anomalous consumption of electricity by the customers, which happens in many ways; energy theft being one of them. Energy theft majorly happens to cut down on the electricity bills. These losses in the smart grid (SG) are the main issue in maintaining grid stability and cause revenue loss to the utility. The automatic metering infrastructure (AMI) system has reduced grid instability but it has opened up new ways for NTLs in the form of different cyber-physical theft attacks (CPTA). Machine learning (ML) techniques can be used to detect and minimize CPTA. However, they have certain limitations and cannot capture the energy consumption patterns (ECPs) of all the users, which decreases the performance of ML techniques in detecting malicious users. In this paper, we propose a novel ML-based stacked generalization method for the cyber-physical theft issue in the smart grid. The original data obtained from the grid is preprocessed to improve model training and processing. This includes NaN-imputation, normalization, outliers\u27 capping, support vector machine-synthetic minority oversampling technique (SVM-SMOTE) balancing, and principal component analysis (PCA) based data reduction techniques. The pre-processed dataset is provided to the ML models light gradient boosting (LGB), extra trees (ET), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and random forest (RF), to accurately capture all consumers\u27 overall ECP. The predictions from these base models are fed to a meta-classifier multi-layer perceptron (MLP). The MLP combines the learning capability of all the base models and gives an improved final prediction. The proposed structure is implemented and verified on the publicly available real-time large dataset of the State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC). The proposed model outperformed the individual base classifiers and the existing research in terms of CPTA detection with false positive rate (FPR), false negative rate (FNR), F1-score, and accuracy values of 0.72%, 2.05%, 97.6%, and 97.69%, respectively

The planar triangular S = 3/2 magnet AgCrSe2 : magnetic frustration, short range correlations, and field tuned anisotropic cycloidal magnetic order

Funding: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through the SFB 1143 and the Wurzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence on Complexity and Topology in Quantum Matter–ct.qmat (EXC 2147, Project No. 390858490), as well as the support of the HLD at HZDR, a member of the European Magnetic Field Laboratory (EMFL). We gratefully acknowledge support from the European Research Council (through the QUESTDO project, 714193), the Leverhulme Trust, and the Royal Society. We thank the Elettra synchrotron for access to the APE-HE beamline under proposal number 20195300. The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. Part of this work has been performed in the framework of the Nanoscience Foundry and Fine Analysis (NFFA-MUR Italy Progetti Internazionali) project (www.trieste.NFFA.eu).Our studies evidence an anisotropic magnetic order below TN = 32~K. Susceptibility data in small fields of about 1~T reveal an antiferromagnetic (AFM) order for H ⊥ c, whereas for H || c the data are reminiscent of a field-induced ferromagnetic (FM) structure. At low temperatures and for H ⊥ c, the field-dependent magnetization and AC susceptibility data evidence a metamagnetic transition at H+ = 5~T, which is absent for H || c. We assign this to a transition from a planar cycloidal spin structure at low fields to a planar fan-like arrangement above H+. A fully FM polarized state is obtained above the saturation field of H⊥S = 23.7~T at 2~K with a magnetization of Ms = 2.8~μB/Cr. For H || c, M(H) monotonously increases and saturates at the same Ms value at HIIS = 25.1~T at 4.2~K. Above TN, the magnetic susceptibility and specific heat indicate signatures of two dimensional (2D) frustration related to the presence of planar ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. We found a pronounced nearly isotropic maximum in both properties at about T* = 45~K, which is a clear fingerprint of short-range correlations and emergent spin fluctuations. Calculations based on a planar 2D Heisenberg model support our experimental findings and suggest a predominant FM exchange among nearest and AFM exchange among third-nearest neighbors. Only a minor contribution might be assigned to the antisymmetric Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction possible related to the non-centrosymmetric polar space group R3m. Due to these competing interactions, the magnetism in AgCrSe2, in contrast to the oxygen based delafossites, can be tuned by relatively small, experimentally accessible, magnetic fields, allowing us to establish the complete anisotropic magnetic H-T phase diagram in detail.PostprintPeer reviewe

野生ダイズ染色体断片置換系統群を用いたダイズの重要農業形質の遺伝解析

この博士論文は内容の要約のみの公開（または一部非公開）になっています筑波大学 (University of Tsukuba)201

Ruminant Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Nutritional and Therapeutic Opportunity?

Milk has been shown to contain a specific fraction of extracellular particles that are reported to resist digestion and are purposefully packaged with lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids to exert specific biological effects. These findings suggest that these particles may have a role in the quality of infant nutrition, particularly in the early phase of life when many of the foundations of an infant’s potential for health and overall wellness are established. However, much of the current research focuses on human or cow milk only, and there is a knowledge gap in how milk from other species, which may be more commonly consumed in different regions, could also have these reported biological effects. Our review provides a summary of the studies into the extracellular particle fraction of milk from a wider range of ruminants and pseudo-ruminants, focusing on how this fraction is isolated and characterised, the stability and uptake of the fraction, and the reported biological effects of these fractions in a range of model systems. As the individual composition of milk from different species is known to differ, we propose that the extracellular particle fraction of milk from non-traditional and minority species may also have important and distinct biological properties that warrant further study

Effect of morphology on the phonon thermal conductivity in Si/Ge superlattice nanowires

We used nonequilibrium molecular dynamics to investigate the role of morphology in the phonon thermal conductivity of 〈100〉, 〈110〉, 〈111〉 and 〈112〉-oriented Si/Ge superlattice nanowires at 300 K. Such nanowires with 〈112〉 growth direction were found to possess the lowest values of the thermal conductivity [1.6 W/(m·K) for a Si and Ge segment thickness of ∼3 nm] due to the lowest average group velocity and highly effective {113} facets and Si/Ge(112) interface for phonon-surface and phonon-interface scattering, respectively. Comparison with homogeneous and core/shell Si and Ge nanowires showed that the superlattice morphology is the most efficient to suppress the thermal conductivity

Влияние морфологии поверхности и границ раздела на продольную фононную теплопроводность в тонкопленочных структурах Ge(001) и Si/Ge(001)

Методом неравновесной молекулярной динамики проведено исследование продольной фононной теплопроводности при 300 K в наноразмерных гомогенных Ge(001) и слоистых Si/Ge(001) пленках с p(2 × 1) поверхностной реконструкцией вдоль различных направлений. Установлено появление анизотропии теплового транспорта в рассматриваемых пленках, которая обусловлена как морфологией поверхности, так и резкими Si/Ge границами раздела. Для направления, когда димеры и Si−Ge-связи на границе раздела лежат в плоскости, параллельной направлению теплового потока, наблюдается наименьшая теплопроводность (∼ 5−18 Вт/(м · K) в диапазоне от ∼ 1 до 27 нм). Показано, что для пленок с толщинами > 13 нм для всех направлений слоистые пленки обладают меньшей теплопроводностью по сравнению с гомогенными. При этом роль морфологии поверхности и границ раздела сводится к различной степени локализации фононов и компенсации более теплопроводящих слоев Si соответственно