Circulating levels of Bcl-2 and its expression in the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Aim: To evaluate expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein in the nasal tissue and its levels in blood serum of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Material and methods: Expression of Bcl-2 in the sinonasal tissue and its levels in blood serum of patients with CRSsNP and CRSwNP were evaluated immunohistochemically and using ELISA, respectively. Results: In patients with CRSsNP, Bcl-2 was overexpressed in nasal epithelial cells mainly in the atrophic regions. However, its upregulation was also observed in regions with epithelial cell proliferation. Immunostaining for Bcl-2 was stronger both in the stroma and epithelial lining compared with control subjects. The level of Bcl-2 in blood serum was elevated in both forms of chronic rhinosinusitis with a more pronounced increase in CRSwNP. Conclusion: CRSsNP and especially CRSwNP are associated with overexpression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in nasal epithelial cells and in the lamina propria against the background of elevated circulating concentrations of Bcl-2

THE CONTENT OF PROSTANOIDS AND CYCLOOXYGENASES IN COLON TISSUE IN EXPERIMENTAL ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Introduction. The article examines changes in the content of prostaglandins and cyclooxygenases (COX) in colon tissue in ulcerative colitis induced by 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) in a 50% ethanol solution. Based on the obtained results, the authors conclude that changes in the content of the studied parameters, except PGI2, are due to ethanol effect, not DNBS. Both COX isozymes are expressed in normal colon and reduced in ulcerative colitis. The aim. To study the prostanoids (PGE2, PGI2, PGF2α, TBX2 and 8-iso-PGF2α) and COX-1 and -2 contents in colon tissue in experimental ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods. The determination of prostanoids and cyclooxygenases contents in colon tissue by enzyme immunosorbent assay was carried out on three groups of sexually mature laboratory rats of both sexes of the WAG population (1st control group – intrarectal injection of saline; 2nd control group – injection of 50% ethanol; experimental group – injection of DNBS in 50% ethanol). Results. PGE2 and PGI2 contents in colon tissue of experimental group rats were statistically significantly higher compared 1st and 2nd control groups. The content of PGE2 was also increased in 2nd control group versus 1st control one. The increasing PGI2 in 2nd control group versus 1st control was not significant. TBX2 and PGF2α contents in experimental and 2nd control groups were significantly lower compared 1st control. 8-iso-PGF2α (non-enzymatically derived prostanoid) level in experimental group rats was significantly higher compared both controls. 8-iso-PGF2α content in 2nd control group was significantly higher compared 1st one. The content of both COX isoforms in colon tissue in experimental group and 2nd control group rats was significantly lower compared to 1st control group. Conclusions. Both isoforms of COX are expressed in control group colon indicating COX-2 involvement in supporting physiological functions of normal colon tissue. All studied indicators changes, except PGI2, are due to ethanol, not DNBS. Both 50% ethanol and DNBS in 50% ethanol stimulate lipid peroxidation, confirmed by significant increase in 8-iso-PGF2α content. PGE2 and PGF2α contents changes against the background of reduced levels of COX-1 and COX-2 in experimental ulcerative colitis are most likely an adaptive response aimed at maintaining colon homeostasis. PGI2 content changes are due to DNBS, and not to ethanol

Методичні рекомендації до виконання лабораторних робіт з навчальної дисципліни "Загальна та спортивна фізіологія". (Загальна фізіологія) І півріччя

Методичні рекомендації до виконання лабораторних робіт з навчальної дисципліни "Загальна та спортивна фізіологія". (Загальна фізіологія) І півріччя / В. Л. Богуш, І. В. Наконечний, О. В. Кувалдіна, О. С. Яцунський, В. М. Деркач, О. В. Сокол, І. Б. Марцінковський, Ю. О. Наконечна, О. О. Адаменко, О. І. Резніченко, С. В. Гетманцев. – Миколаїв : НУК, 2021. – 108 с.Вміщено лабораторні роботи, які поділені на теоретичну частину, де розглядаються теоретичні питання, та практичну частину, де студенти оволодівають практичними навичками з кожної теми. Значна увага приділена навчально-матеріальному забезпеченню занять та питанням професійної орієнтації для подальшого застосування отриманих знань у майбутній професійній діяльності

Методичні рекомендації до виконання лабораторних робіт з навчальної дисципліни "Загальна та спортивна фізіологія". (Спортивна фізіологія) ІІ півріччя

Методичні рекомендації до виконання лабораторних робіт з навчальної дисципліни "Загальна та спортивна фізіологія". (Спортивна фізіологія) ІІ півріччя / В. Л. Богуш, І. В. Наконечний, О. В. Кувалдіна, О. С. Яцунський, В. М. Деркач, О. В. Сокол, І. Б. Марцінковський, Ю. О. Наконечна, О. О. Адаменко, О. І. Резніченко, С. В. Гетманцев. – Миколаїв : НУК, 2021. – 68 с.Вміщено методичні рекомендації до виконання лабораторних робіт. За структурою вони побудовані відповідно до курсу лекцій і містять перелік питань, які будуть розглядатись у ІІ півріччі. Призначено для студентів спеціальності 017 "Фізична культура і спорт"

UCRAID (Ukrainian Citizen and refugee electronic support in Respiratory diseases, Allergy, Immunology and Dermatology) action plan.

Eight million Ukrainians have taken refuge in the European Union. Many have asthma and/or allergic rhinitis and/or urticaria, and around 100,000 may have a severe disease. Cultural and language barriers are a major obstacle to appropriate management. Two widely available mHealth apps, MASK-air® (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK) for the management of rhinitis and asthma and CRUSE® (Chronic Urticaria Self Evaluation) for patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria, were updated to include Ukrainian versions that make the documented information available to treating physicians in their own language. The Ukrainian patients fill in the questionnaires and daily symptom-medication scores for asthma, rhinitis (MASK-air) or urticaria (CRUSE) in Ukrainian. Then, following the GDPR, patients grant their physician access to the app by scanning a QR code displayed on the physician's computer enabling the physician to read the app contents in his/her own language. This service is available freely. It takes less than a minute to show patient data to the physician in the physician's web browser. UCRAID-developed by ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) and UCARE (Urticaria Centers of Reference and Excellence)-is under the auspices of the Ukraine Ministry of Health as well as European (European Academy of Allergy and Clinical immunology, EAACI, European Respiratory Society, ERS, European Society of Dermatologic Research, ESDR) and national societies

Педагогічні технології у навчанні дітей з ООП в умовах інклюзивного освітнього середовища

El objetivo de este artículo fue probar la efectividad del modelo horizontal de implementación de tecnologías pedagógicas para la enseñanza de alumnos de primer grado con trastornos del espectro autista en el proceso de educación inclusiva. El estudio fue una formade experimento que duró un año con la participación de clases de control y experimentales con alumnos con trastornos del espectro autista. El estudio involucró métodos tales como evaluación experta de programas de aprendizaje diferenciados, llevar un diario de la observación de las actividades de aprendizaje de los niños, presencia de un psicólogo tutor y un maestro de escuela primaria. Se aplicó el método de observación por un psicólogo práctico de la institución utilizando los criterios de manifestaciones emocionales, motivacionales y sociales de la conducta. Además, se recopilaron las características psicológicas de los alumnos de las clases de control y experimentales al inicio y al final del estudio. En el curso del experimento se utilizaron métodos de aprendizaje diferenciadocomo i conos, telarañas semánticas, “guiones gráficos” del texto en componentes de la trama. Con base en los resultados del estudio se encontró que la introducción de tecnología pedagógica horizontal dentro de la institución educativa tiene un efecto positivo en la motivación y adaptación social de los alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales en comparación con los resultados obtenidos en la clase control. En consecuencia, se puede concluir que la práctica del aprendizaje diferenciado necesita un mayor desarrollo y adaptación.The aim of this article was to test the effectiveness of the horizontal model of implementation of pedagogical technologies for teaching first-graders with autism spectrum disorders in the process of inclusive education. The study was a form of experiment that lasted one year with the involvement of control and experimental classes with the same number of pupils with autism spectrum disorders. The study involved methods such as expert evaluation of differentiated learning programs, keeping a diary of the observation of the children´s learning activities, the tutor psychologist and the primary school teacher. The method of observation by a practical psychologist of the institution using the criteria of emotional, motivational, and social manifestations of behaviour was applied. Besides, the psychological characteristics of pupils in both the control and experimental classes at the beginning and at the end of the study were compiled. Differentiated learning methods such as icons, semantic webs, "storyboards" of the text into plot components were used in the course of the experiment. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the introduction of horizontal pedagogical technology within the educational institution has a positive effect on the motivation and social adaptation of students with special educational needs compared to the results obtained in the control class. Consequently, it can be concluded that the practice of differentiated learning needs further development and adaptation.Метою даної статті було перевірити ефективність горизонтальної моделі впровадження педагогічних технологій навчання учнів першого класу з розладами спектру аутизму в процесі інклюзивного навчання. Дослідження було експериментальною формою, яка тривала один рік за участю контрольних та експериментальних класів з учнями з розладами аутичного спектру. У дослідженні використовувалися такі методи, як експертне оцінювання програм диференційованого навчання, ведення щоденника спостережень за навчальною діяльністю дітей, присутність вихователя-психолога та вчителя початкових класів. Методика спостереження застосовувалася практичним психологом закладу за критеріями емоційно-мотиваційних та соціальних проявів поведінки. Крім того, на початку та в кінці дослідження було зібрано психологічні характеристики учнів контрольних та експериментальних класів. У ході експерименту використовувалися такі методи диференційованого навчання, як піктограми, семантичні мережі, «розкладка» тексту на сюжетні компоненти. За результатами дослідження встановлено, що впровадження горизонтальної педагогічної технології в рамках навчального закладу позитивно впливає на мотивацію та соціальну адаптацію учнів з особливими освітніми потребами порівняно з результатами, отриманими в контрольному класі. Отже, можна зробити висновок, що практика диференційованого навчання потребує подальшого розвитку та адаптації

Biomarker assessment in urgent surgical pathology of the small bowel: case-control analysis of a retrospective database

Background: Small bowel obstruction, mesenteric thrombosis, and strangulated ventral hernia area a challenge in emergency abdominal surgery. This study aimed to evaluate biomarkers of damage to the digestive tract in patients with urgent pathology. Materials and methods: The study involved 71 patients aged 18 to 80 years who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit in the immediate postoperative period. Results: All 71 underwent emergency surgery, 27 with small bowel necrosis. Lactate level area under curve (AUC = 0.964), C-reactive protein (AUC = 0.805) and systolic blood pressure (area under curve, AUC = 0.803) on the context of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (AUC = 0.880) showed stratification of patients with complications before surgery. Small bowel necrosis patients revealed an increase in primary thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive products (AUC = 0.813) lipid peroxidation products, and a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity (AUC = 0.818) and catalase (AUC = 0.804). Wide variability of intestinal fatty-acid binding protein (I-FABP) from 199.8 to 2189.6 pg/mL were observed in all patients studied, with an AUC = 0.814 in small intestinal necrosis. Conclusion: Surgical pathology of the small intestine due to obstruction of various origina, mesenteric thrombosis, and strangulated ventral hernia pronounced revealed disorders of the antioxidant-prooxidant balance. This was expressed by an increase in lipid peroxidation products, and the level of TBA-reactive products, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase. Viewed against the background of an increase in I-FABP above 577 pg/mL, these variables were the most significant indicators of small intestinal necrosis

A study of enterocyte membranes during activation of apoptotic processes in chronic carrageenan–induced gastroenterocolitis

Aim To investigate the lipid membranes of rat enterocytes in chronic carrageenan-induced gastroenterocolitis accompanied by the activation of apoptotic processes. Methods Steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy: a study by fluorescent probes – by ortho-hydroxy derivatives of 2,5-diaryl-1,3-oxazole. Activity of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in small intestinal homogenates, blood serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and caspase-3 and the level of DNA fragmentation in small intestinal homogenates were determined. Results Biochemical analysis revealed that an activation of apoptotic processes occurred in the intestinal epithelium of rats during chronic carrageenan-induced gastroenterocolitis. The fluorescence probes showed that activation of apoptotic processes in carrageenan-induced gastroenterocolitis was accompanied by changes in polar regions of rat enterocyte membranes, while no changes were revealed in more hydrophobic regions of the membranes. Conclusion The increase in hydration of membranes was attributed to the activation of the apoptosis of enterocytes. It has been shown that a fluorescent probe (2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazole) can be used for the detection of apoptosis of enterocytes

UV Light-Activated GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles ınduce reactive oxygen species generation in leukocytes without affecting erythrocytes in vitro

Nanoparticles (NPs) have been reported to be promising enhancement agents for radiation therapy. The aim of the study was to assess the cytotoxicity of UV non-treated and UV pretreated GdYVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles against erythrocytes and leukocytes by detecting eryptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Levels of intracellular ROS in erythrocytes and leukocytes using a ROS-sensitive dye 2ʹ,7ʹ-dichlorodihydrofuorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA), as well as eryptosis rate utilizing annexin V staining, following direct exposure to UV-activated and nonactivated NPs were detected by fow cytometry. Blood cells were collected from 9 intact WAG rats. Neither the UV light-untreated GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs nor the treated ones promoted eryptosis and ROS generation in erythrocytes. Low concentrations of UV light-untreated NPs did not induce oxidative stress in leukocytes, evidenced by unafected intracellular ROS levels. UV light treatment grants prooxidant properties to NPs, confrmed by NP-induced ROS overproduction in leukocytes. High concentrations of both UV light-treated and untreated NPs altered the redox state of leukocytes. UV light treatment imparts prooxidant properties to GdYVO4:Eu3+ NPs, making them promising radiosensitizing agents in cancer radiation therapy.Ukrayna Sağlık Bakanlığı 0121U11092