Potential indicator enzyme s at broccoli blanching tecnology

Blanching of vegetables before freezing has some advantages as well as a number of disadvantages. Process optimization involves measuring the rate of enzyme destruction, such that the blanching time is just long enough to destroy the indicator enzyme. Eventually, peroxidases were almost universally the enzymes of choice, as they are usually the most heat-stable enzymes found in vegetables and fruits, so by the time they are inactivated no other enzymes or micro-organisms remain. But there is no evidence that peroxidases are involved in deteriorative reactions in the food. The aim of this work was to improve blanching technology in Hungarian frozen food industry with special emphasis on broccoli treatment. Instead of peroxidases, lipoxygenases were chosen to determine the adequate blanching parameters. Usually, lipoxygenases accompany lipases, so lipase activity is measured, too. On the basis of model blanching experiments, the conclusion is that lipoxygenase could be used as indicator enzyme. Being less heat stable than peroxidase, this enzyme requires shorter heat treatment, hence its inactivation should result in minimum quality deterioration and economic loss

Investigation of antinutritive components in Hungarian potato cultivars depending on production technology

We have investigated the Total Glycoalcaloid (TGA), nitrite, and nitrate contents of some Hungarian and foreign potato cultivars in relation to the effect of different combination of fertilisers and green manure, late blight management strategies (none, programmed, or prediction based spraying), and irrigation regime for three years. The Hungarian cultivars have exotic potato species like S. acaule, S. demissum, S. stoloniferum, S. vernei, or S. tub. ssp. andigenum in their genetic background as sources of resistance genes. No effect of fertilisers or irrigation was found on the level of glycoalkaloids and nitrate contents, which were influenced mostly by the genotype and season. In conclusion, the absolute amount and the presence of different antinutritive components of potato tubers were influenced by the technology, genotype, and season in a complex manner. These results in general prove that ware potato production utilising intensive commercial agrotechnical practices and common cultivars is safe regarding the nitrate and TGA content of tubers

Effect of short-term storage on walnut fruit quality

Two Hungarian and two introduced walnut cultivars were examined as fresh samples and under storage. Some important compositional data were determined in order to evaluate the differences between the cultivars and the changes after storage. The cultivars’ oil contents were the same, but there was some difference in fatty acid composition; ‘Alsószentiváni 117’ had a higher mono-unsaturated fatty acid content than the others. Considering the oxidative stability, ‘Alsószentiváni 117’ contained good properties in all stages (induction time equals or higher than 10 h). Lower antioxidant capacity was measured in ‘Chandler’ samples compared to the others. ‘Alsószentiváni 117’ has higher α- and γ-tocopherol contents than the other cultivars studied. Two different drying methods were also compared in case of the Hungarian cultivars. The changes in compositional data showed no tendencies. We found that Hungarian cultivars were at least as valuable as the introduced ones

Changes of potentially anti-nutritive components in Hungarian potatoes from organic and conventional farming

Anti-nutritive components in multi resistant potato cultivars were investigated in relation to conventional and organic farming for three years. Glycoalkaloids, nitrate, nitrite, asparagine, and glutamine contents of tubers were examined. Farming technology was found not to have an effect on the level of glycoalkaloids, which was influenced mostly by the genotype and season. Nitrogen fertilisation caused significant increase in nitrate, asparagine, and glutamine contents as compared to organic farming. Nitrite content was found to be more independent of farming technologies than nitrate. Tubers of cultivar Rioja had the lowest nitrate content irrespective of season or technology. In conclusion, the absolute amount and changes of different anti-nutritive components of potato tubers were influenced differently by the technology, genotype, and season in a complex manner. Organic farming had no effect on the glycoalkaloid content, but the nitrate levels had a tendency to be lower compared to conventional farming. This can be seen as a positive effect of organic farming

Distribution of antioxidant components in roots of different red beets (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars

The beetroot is typically on the table in winter in form of pickles or juice, but for its nutritional values it would deserve more common consumption. Its curative effect in great part is due to the several vitamins, minerals, and compounds with antioxidant activity. But the division of biological active compounds is very different in the parts of the root. Based on our results, we could compare the differences between the morphology and some inner contents (soluble solid content, colour, betacyanin, betaxanthin, and polyphenol contents, antioxidant activity, and some flavonoids) of two beetroot cultivars. The results of the morphological investigations showed that the ‘Cylindre’ cultivar had more favourable crop parameters than the ‘Alto F1’ cultivar. In the ‘Cylindre’ cultivar the polyphenol content and the antioxidant capacity were significantly higher than in the ‘Alto F1’ cultivar. By determination of the betanin contents of the investigated beetroots, our results showed both betacyanin and betaxanthin contents were higher in the ‘Cylindre’ cultivar. The chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, the cumaric acid have been identified based on the peaks of HPLC in the studied beetroot cultivars

The phase 3 DUO trial: duvelisib vs ofatumumab in relapsed and refractory CLL/SLL

Duvelisib (also known as IPI-145) is an oral, dual inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase δ and γ (PI3K-δ,γ) being developed for treatment of hematologic malignancies. PI3K-δ,γ signaling can promote B-cell proliferation and survival in clonal B-cell malignancies, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). In a phase 1 study, duvelisib showed clinically meaningful activity and acceptable safety in CLL/SLL patients. We report here the results of DUO, a global phase 3 randomized study of duvelisib vs ofatumumab monotherapy for patients with relapsed or refractory (RR) CLL/SLL. Patients were randomized 1:1 to oral duvelisib 25 mg twice daily (n = 160) or ofatumumab IV (n = 159). The study met the primary study end point by significantly improving progression-free survival per independent review committee assessment compared with ofatumumab for all patients (median, 13.3 months vs 9.9 months; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.52; P < .0001), including those with high-risk chromosome 17p13.1 deletions [del(17p)] and/or TP53 mutations (HR = 0.40; P = .0002). The overall response rate was significantly higher with duvelisib (74% vs 45%; P < .0001) regardless of del(17p) status. The most common adverse events were diarrhea, neutropenia, pyrexia, nausea, anemia, and cough on the duvelisib arm, and neutropenia and infusion reactions on the ofatumumab arm. The DUO trial data support duvelisib as a potentially effective treatment option for patients with RR CLL/SLL. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02004522

Working up a lactofermented vegetable product

The combination of lactofermentation and enzyme-treatment (Rohament-PL as endo-polygalacturonase and the mixture of Rohament-PL and Rohalase 7069 as cellulase) of sliced carrot and orange juice resulted in a homogeneous product, with pleasant organoleptic features, after 18 h fermentation period. Two ways of inoculation were applied with Lactobacillus plantarum. The addition of Rohament-PL, even at 150 mg kg-1 concentration, simultaneous inoculation with Lactobacillusplantarum (circumstances: 28 °C, 80 r.p.m. shaking) promoted the growth of lactobacilli. By 42 h fermentation time LAB count increased up to 3.2-4.8´109 cm-3. Furthermore the surface colour of the samples was more intensive (higher L-, a- and b-values) than without Lactobacillus plantarum inoculation. The application of Rohament-PL (50-100 mg kg1) resulted in a homogeneous carrot puree, the combination of Rohament-PL (150 mg kg-1) and Rohalase 7069 (150 mg kg-1) in the process gave a more fluid product, as proved by the lower specific viscosity values

Working up a lactofermented vegetable product

The combination of lactofermentation and enzyme-treatment (Rohament-PL as endo-polygalacturonase and the mixture of Rohament-PL and Rohalase 7069 as cellulase) of sliced carrot and orange juice resulted in a homogeneous product, with pleasant organoleptic features, after 18 h fermentation period. Two ways of inoculation were applied with Lactobacillus plantarum. The addition of Rohament-PL, even at 150 mg kg-1 concentration, simultaneous inoculation with Lactobacillus plantarum (circumstances: 28 °C, 80 r.p.m. shaking) promoted the growth of lactobacilli. By 42 h fermentation time LAB count increased up to 3.2-4.8×109 cm-3. Furthermore the surface colour of the samples was more intensive (higher L-, a- and b-values) than without Lactobacillus plantarum inoculation. The application of Rohament-PL (50-100 mg kg-1) resulted in a homogeneous carrot puree, the combination of Rohament-PL (150 mg kg-1) and Rohalase 7069 (150 mg kg-1) in the process gave a more fluid product, as proved by the lower specific viscosity values