Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Keluarga Dalam Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Bersalin Di Rumah Sakit Dr. Asmir Salatiga

Rumah sakit Dr. Asmir Salatiga merupakan rumah sakit pemerintah yang dalam pelaksanaan diperuntukkan melayani anggota TNI. Dimanan keberadaan rumah sakit Dr. Asmir Salatiga memang diprioritaskan bagi pelayanan kesehatan bagi anggota TNI di wilayah Salatiga. Namun dalam kenyataannya tidak semua anggota TNI di wilayah Salatiga khususnya di asrama Yonif 411 Salatiga menggunakan fasilitas kesehatan yang terdapat di rumah sakit Dr. Asmir Salatiga tersebut. Hasil survey pada ibu bersalin di asrama menunjukkan menunjukkan tingkat pemanfaatan sebesar 52%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktorfaktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan keluarga dalam pemanfaatan pelayanan bersalin di Rumah Sakit Dr. Asmir Salatiga sebagai tempat bersalin bagi ibu hamil di Asrama Yonif 411 Salatiga. Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah sebanyak 67 responden dengan teknik total sampling. Teknik pengolahan data menggunakan teknik univariat dan bivariat menggunakan analisis chi square. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh persepsi sehat sakit tentang kehamilan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan bersalin di rumah sakit Dr. Asmir Salatiga pada ibu bersalin di Asrama Yonif 411 Salatiga, dan (2) tidak terdapat pengaruh persepsi tentang kualitas pelayanan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan bersalin di RS. Dr. Asmir Salatiga pada ibu bersalin di Asrama Yonif 411 Salatiga

GAMBARAN TINGKAT STRESS PADA LANSIA DI DESA GUMPANG KARTASURA

Background : Elderly is a condition characterized by the inability to maintain balance against physiological stress conditions. Stress experienced by the elderly can affect their life because it can cause loss of appetite, talk too much or even withdraw, and many other symptoms. Stress in the elderly can have a negative impact, for example dizziness, high blood pressure, irritability, sadness, difficulty concentrating, changes in appetite, unable to sleep or smoking continuously. Purpose : Knowing the stress level of the elderly in Gumpang Village, Kartasura District, Sukoharjo Regency. Method : This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The sample from this study was 87 elderly respondents in Gumpang Village. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate analysis and data collection using a research instrument in the form of a Depression Anxiety Stress Scale questionnaire with a total of 14 question items. Results : The results showed that the stress level of most respondents 71 respondents had moderate stress levels (40.7%), 6 respondents had mild stress levels (6.9%) and 10 respondents had high-stress levels (11, 5%). Conclusion: Regarding the elderly in Gumpang Village Posyandu, this study, found that the majority suffer from moderate stress levels with the characteristics most respondents being female, aged 60-70 years who are not working, and the last level of education is elementary school

Strategi yang tepat dalam Pengendalian Hama Lalat Buah (Bactrocera sp.) pada Tanaman Jambu Air Hijau Deli (Syzygium aqueum)

Azzahra C, Raihanah M, Fauziah Z, NS Meirizqi, DL Azzahra Nur, Rahmah R, Irsan C. 2021. Strategi yang tepat dalam Pengendalian Hama Lalat Buah (Bactrocera sp.) pada Tanaman Jambu Air Hijau Deli (Syzygium aqueum). In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 242-248. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Deli green water guava (Syzygium aqeum) is one of the agricultural products in Indonesia that has high economic value. Many pests, are pests for this plant, one of which is fruitfly. Fruitfly (Bactrocera sp.) have 400 species with different levels of attack in each species. Cultivation of this green water guava fruit is very profitable for farmers and can improve their economy. Fruit farmers generally still depend on synthetic pesticides to control fruitfly, even though this method can pollute the environment and the resulting plant products. This review aimed to identify and overcome fruit fly pests that attacked deli green guava with proper control and attention to all aspects. This writing is based on a study of the literature taken and then analyzed and developed into a review that is easy to understand. Fruit fly pest control is usually done by wrapping fruit using plastic. However, farmers are often reluctant to use this method because of the large number of fruits to pack. Another more effective way is to use vegetable insecticide control by using methyl eugenol. It was concluded that the fruit fly pest attack can damage the quality of the green water guava fruit which has an impact on the selling value, so effective control must be used such as the use of methyl eugenol

Hubungan Pengetahuan Orang Tua Dengan Frekuensi Kekambuhan Asma Pada Anak Usia 6 - 12 Tahun

Knowledge of parents in the care of children has a very important role in maintaining that there is no recurrence. There are still many parents who are still wrong in handling children with asthma. This study aimed to determine the relationship of knowledge of parents with the frequency of recurrence of asthma allergies in children aged 6 - 12 years in the work area of ​​the Surakarta Banyuanyar Pukesmas. This research is a quantitative research using correlative descriptive design. The study population was 35 parents who had children aged 6-12 years who had asthma in the working area of ​​the Karangasem Surakarta Health Center. The research sample of 35 parents was determined using the total sampling technique. In this study there were several characteristics of respondents that were used including the characteristics of parents consisting of gender and recent education, getting more women than men, and the highest education was high school compared to elementary, middle and high school. , the second characteristic of the incidence of asthma in children consists of 6 points that affect the frequency of asthma recurrence. To find out the frequency level of knowledge in getting less and good results. Respondents with less knowledge were 66%, and those who were good were 34%. To find out the frequency distribution of asthma recurrence can be seen through 2 criteria namely rarely as much as 43% and often as much as 57%. Collecting research data using questionnaire instruments, while data analysis using Rank Spearman correlation test. The results obtained by rs were -0.382 (p-value = 0.023) so that H0 was rejected. The conclusion of the study is that there is a relationship between parents' knowledge of the frequency of asthma recurrence in children aged 6-12 years in the Banyuanyar Health Center work area, namely the better the knowledge of parents, the lower the frequency of recurrence. Keywords: knowledge of parents, frequency of recurrence of asthma, children aged 6-12 year

A family case of fertile human 45,X,psu dic(15;Y) males

We report on a familial case including four male probands from three generations with a 45,X,psu dic(15;Y)(p11.2;q12) karyotype. 45,X is usually associated with a female phenotype and only rarely with maleness, due to translocation of small Y chromosomal fragments to autosomes. These male patients are commonly infertile because of missing azoospermia factor regions from the Y long arm. In our familial case we found a pseudodicentric translocation chromosome, that contains almost the entire chromosomes 15 and Y. The translocation took place in an unknown male ancestor of our probands and has no apparent effect on fertility and phenotype of the carrier. FISH analysis demonstrated the deletion of the pseudoautosomal region 2 (PAR2) from the Y chromosome and the loss of the nucleolus organizing region (NOR) from chromosome 15. The formation of the psu dic(15;Y) chromosome is a reciprocal event to the formation of the satellited Y chromosome (Yqs). Statistically, the formation of 45,X,psu dic(15;Y) (p11.2;q12) is as likely as the formation of Yqs. Nevertheless, it has not been described yet. This can be explained by the dicentricity of this translocation chromosome that usually leads to mitotic instability and meiotic imbalances. A second event, a stable inactivation of one of the two centromeres is obligatory to enable the transmission of the translocation chromosome and thus a stably reduced chromosome number from father to every son in this family

Characterization of the Psychological, Physiological and EEG Profile of Acute Betel Quid Intoxication in Naïve Subjects

Betel quid use and abuse is wide spread in Asia but the physiological basis of intoxication and addiction are unknown. In subjects naïve to the habit of betel quid intoxication, the psychological and physiological profile of intoxication has never been reported. We compared the effect of chewing gum or chewing betel quid, and subsequent betel quid intoxication, on psychological assessment, prospective time interval estimation, numerical and character digit span, computerized 2 choice tests and mental tasks such as reading and mathematics with concurrent monitoring of ECG, EEG and face temperature in healthy, non-sleep deprived, male subjects naïve to the habit of chewing betel quid. Betel quid intoxication, dose dependently induced tachycardia (max 30 bpm) and elevated face temperature (0.7°C) (P<0.001) above the effects observed in response to chewing gum (max 12 bpm and 0.3°C) in 12 subjects. Gross behavioral indices of working memory such as numerical or character digit span in 8 subjects, or simple visual-motor performance such as reaction speed or accuracy in a two choice scenario in 8 subjects were not affected by betel quid intoxication. Betel quid intoxication strongly influenced the psychological aspects of perception such as slowing of the prospective perception of passage of a 1 minute time interval in 8 subjects (P<0.05) and perceived increased arousal (P<0.01) and perceived decreased ability to think (P<0.05) in 31 subjects. The EEG spectral profile recorded from mental states associated with open and closed eyes, and mental tasks such as reading and eyes closed mental arithmetic were significantly modified (P<0.05) relative to chewing gum by betel quid intoxication in 10 subjects. The prevalence of betel quid consumption across a range of social and work settings warrants greater investigation of this widespread but largely under researched drug

Obesity and immune function relationships.

The immunological processes involved in the collaborative defence of organisms are affected by nutritional status. Thus, a positive chronic imbalance between energy intake and expenditure leads to situations of obesity, which may influence unspecific and specific immune responses mediated by humoral and cell mediated mechanisms. Furthermore, several lines of evidence have supported a link between adipose tissue and immunocompetent cells. This interaction is illustrated in obesity, where excess adiposity and impaired immune function have been described in both humans and genetically obese rodents. However, limited and often controversial information exist comparing immunity in obese and non-obese subjects as well as about the cellular and molecular mechanisms implicated. In general terms, clinical and epidemiological data support the evidence that the incidence and severity of specific types of infectious illnesses are higher in obese persons as compared to lean individuals together with the occurrence of poor antibody responses to antigens in overweight subjects. Leptin might play a key role in linking nutritional status with T-cell function. The complexities and heterogeneity of the host defences concerning the immune response in different nutritional circumstances affecting the energy balance require an integral study of the immunocompetent cells, their subsets and products as well as specific and unspecific inducer/regulator systems. In this context, more research is needed to clarify the clinical implications of the alterations induced by obesity on the immune function

An assessment of vulnerability to HIV infection of boatmen in Teknaf, Bangladesh

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Mobile population groups are at high risk for contracting HIV infection. Many factors contribute to this risk including high prevalence of risky behavior and increased risk of violence due to conflict and war. The Naf River serves as the primary border crossing point between Teknaf, Bangladesh and Mynamar [Burma] for both official and unofficial travel of people and goods. Little is known about the risk behavior of boatmen who travel back and forth between Teknaf and Myanmar. However, we hypothesize that boatmen may act as a bridging population for HIV/AIDS between the high-prevalence country of Myanmar and the low-prevalence country of Bangladesh.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Methods included initial rapport building with community members, mapping of boatmen communities, and in-depth qualitative interviews with key informants and members from other vulnerable groups such as spouses of boatmen, commercial female sex workers, and injecting drug users. Information from the first three stages was used to create a cross-sectional survey that was administered to 433 boatmen.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Over 40% of the boatmen had visited Myanmar during the course of their work. 17% of these boatmen had sex with CSW while abroad. There was a significant correlation found between the number of nights spent in Myanmar and sex with commercial sex workers.</p> <p>In the past year, 19% of all boatmen surveyed had sex with another man. 14% of boatmen had participated in group sex, with groups ranging in size from three to fourteen people. Condom use was rare {0 to 4.7% during the last month}, irrespective of types of sex partners. Regression analysis showed that boatmen who were 25 years and older were statistically less likely to have sexual intercourse with non- marital female partners in the last year compared to the boatmen aged less than 25 years. Similarly deep-sea fishing boatmen and non-fishing boatmen were statistically less likely to have sexual intercourse with non- marital female partners in the last year compared to the day long fishing boatmen adjusting for all other variables. Boatmen's knowledge regarding HIV transmission and personal risk perception for contracting HIV was low.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Boatmen in Teknaf are an integral part of a high-risk sexual behaviour network between Myanmar and Bangladesh. They are at risk of obtaining HIV infection due to cross border mobility and unsafe sexual practices. There is an urgent need for designing interventions targeting boatmen in Teknaf to combat an impending epidemic of HIV among this group. They could be included in the serological surveillance as a vulnerable group. Interventions need to address issues on both sides of the border, other vulnerable groups, and refugees. Strong political will and cross border collaboration is mandatory for such interventions.</p

Severe malnutrition with and without HIV-1 infection in hospitalised children in Kampala, Uganda: differences in clinical features, haematological findings and CD4(+ )cell counts

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features, haematological findings and CD4(+ )and CD8(+ )cell counts of severely malnourished children in relation to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHODS: The study was conducted in the paediatric wards of Mulago hospital, which is Uganda's national referral and teaching hospital. We studied 315 severely malnourished children (presence of oedema and/or weight-for-height: z-score < -3) and have presented our findings. At admission, the CD4(+ )and CD8(+ )cells were measured by the flow cytometry and HIV serology was confirmed by Enzyme linked Immunoassay for children >18 months of age, and RNA PCR was performed for those ≤18 months. Complete blood count, including differential counts, was determined using a Beckman Coulter counter. RESULTS: Among the 315 children, 119 (38%) were female; the median age of these children was 17 months (Interquartile range 12–24 months), and no difference was observed in the HIV status with regard to gender or age. The children showed a high prevalence of infections: pneumonia (68%), diarrhoea (38%), urinary tract infection (26%) and bacteraemia (18%), with no significant difference with regard to the HIV status (HIV-positive versus HIV-negative children). However, the HIV-positive children were more likely to have persistent diarrhoea than the HIV-uninfected severely malnourished children (odds ratio (OR) 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–3.6). When compared with the HIV-negative children, the HIV-positive children showed a significantly lower median white blood cell count (10700 versus 8700) and lymphocyte count (4033 versus 2687). The CD4(+ )cell percentages were more likely to be lower in children with non-oedematous malnutrition than in those with oedematous malnutrition even after controlling for the HIV infection. The novel observation of this study is that the CD4(+ )percentages in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative children without oedema were lower that those in children with oedema. These observations appear to imply that the development of oedema requires a certain degree of immunocompetence, which is an interesting clue to the pathophysiology of oedema in severe malnutrition