Predicting In Vivo Efficacy of Potential Restenosis Therapies by Cell Culture Studies: Species-Dependent Susceptibility of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Although drug-eluting stents (DES) are successfully utilized for restenosis therapy, the development of local and systemic therapeutic means including nanoparticles (NP) continues. Lack of correlation between in vitro and in vivo studies is one of the major drawbacks in developing new drug delivery systems. The present study was designed to examine the applicability of the arterial explant outgrowth model, and of smooth muscle cells (SMC) cultures for prescreening of possible drugs. Elucidation of different species sensitivity (rat, rabbit, porcine and human) to diverse drugs (tyrphostins, heparin and bisphsophonates) and a delivery system (nanoparticles) could provide a valuable screening tool for further in vivo studies. The anticipated sensitivity ranking from the explant outgrowth model and SMC mitotic rates (porcine>rat>>rabbit>human) do not correlate with the observed relative sensitivity of those animals to antiproliferative therapy in restenosis models (rat≥rabbit>porcine>human). Similarly, the inhibitory profile of the various antirestenotic drugs in SMC cultures (rabbit>porcine>rat>>human) do not correlate with animal studies, the rabbit- and porcine-derived SMC being highly sensitive. The validity of in vitro culture studies for the screening of controlled release delivery systems such as nanoparticles is limited. It is suggested that prescreening studies of possible drug candidates for restenosis therapy should include both SMC cell cultures of rat and human, appropriately designed with a suitable serum

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL TERHADAP PRURITUS UREMIK PADA PASIEN YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS DI RUANG HEMODIALISIS RSUD PROVINSI NTB PENELITIAN QUASY EKSPERIMENT

Pruritus was a grievance of most often occurs in patients hemodialisis. Pruritus was defined as an itch which happened over 6 months regularly and around 6 months after the beginning of analyzed and usually more increased with his undergo hemodialisis. A negative impact on patient was difficulty sleeping and a mood that also related with mortality increased. This requires proper treatment which is one of them by giving Extra Virgin Olive Oil on uremic pruritus. This research is aimed to finding out the effect of giving Extra Virgin Olive Oil towards Uremic Pruritus to Hemodialisis patient in the hemodialisis’s room Hospital Common the Province of West Nusa Tenggara. This research was a Quasi-Experimental Design. The Sampling methode used was non-probability sampling with purposive sampling method. The sample of this research was consists of 50 hemodialisis patients they were divided into 25 control group and 25 treatment group. Independent variable in this research is the effect of giving Extra Virgin Olive Oil and dependent variable is Uremic Pruritus. Data were taken with 5-D Itc scale and analyzed by Wilcoxon signed Rank Test and Wann Whitney Test level α≤0.05. Wilcoxon test result for the treatment group showed p=0.036, in control group revealed p=0.083, while the Mann Whitney test revealed p=0.017. It is concluded that Extra Virgin Olive Oil is effective reduction of Uremic Pruritus in hemodialisis patients. Giving extra Virgin Oliive Oil is expected it can be used as an alternative to nursing care to hemodialisis patients with Uremic Pruritus