The posterior horn of the medial and lateral meniscus both reduce the effective posterior tibial slope : a radiographic MRI study

PURPOSE : The purpose of this study was to quantify the posterior horn meniscal slope and determine its contribution to the reduction in posterior tibial slope. METHODS : Patients aged between 16 and 60 years and had intact menisci with no evidence of previous injury or surgery were included. Patients with radiological evidence of osteoarthritis Grade II–IV, any acute or chronic meniscus injuries, fractures, and ligamentous injuries were excluded. The posterior bony slope (PTS) and the meniscus slope (MS) of the posterior horns were measured at 25, 50, and 75% from the medial and lateral borders of the tibial plateau. RESULTS : 325 MR images (mean age 37.1 ± 10.9 years) were included. There were 194 males and 131 females, with 162 left and 163 right knees. The PTS in the medial compartment ranged from (−) 2.8° to 3.7° and from (−) 1.3° to 1.9° in the lateral compartment (p = 0.0001). The MS in the medial compartment ranged from 27.4° to 28.2°, and from 27.8° to 28.7° in the lateral compartment (p > 0.05). The differences between the medial and lateral knee compartment were statistically significant. At the 25% interval the p level was 0.037, at 50% p = 0.00001, and at 75% p = 0.0001. There were no significant between gender differences. CONCLUSIONS : The results of this study demonstrated a significant reduction in posterior tibial bone slope by the posterior horns of both the medial and lateral meniscus, from a mean of (−) 1° to 2° to a more horizontal anterior slope. The posterior bone slope was larger in the medial compartment by 1°, resulting in a smaller slope reduction in the lateral compartment.https://link.springer.com/journal/276hj2022AnatomyOrthopaedic Surger

Increased posterior slope of the medial and lateral meniscus posterior horn is associated with anterior cruciate ligament injuries

PURPOSE : To measure the slope of the medial and lateral posterior horn of the meniscus and its contribution to the overall resulting posterior tibial slope (bone and meniscus combined slope) in anterior cruciate ligament–intact (ACLI) and –deficient (ACLD) knees. METHODS : Magnetic resonance images of intact menisci in patients 16 to 60 years old were included. Posterior tibial bone slope (PTS) and meniscus slope (MS) were measured 25%, 50%, and 75% from the medial and lateral borders of the tibial plateau. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences in posterior tibial slopes between ACLD and ACLI knees and between sexes for ACLD and ACLI knees. RESULTS : 192 ACLI patients (age 35.2 ± 9.6 years, mean ± standard deviation) and 159 ACLD patients (age 34.2 ± 10.3 years) were included. Medial and lateral PTS in ACLD was significantly ( P = .00001) higher at 25%, 50%, and 75%. Medial and lateral MS in ACLD was significantly ( P = .00001) lower at 25%, 50%, and 75%. There were no significant sex differences for medial or lateral MS in ACLD or ACLI patients ( P = .51). The resultant combined medial and lateral slope in ACLD patients was significantly ( P = .00001) lower at 25%, 50%, and 75%. There were no significant sex differences in PTS ( P = .68), MS ( P = .51), or resultant slope ( P = .79) CONCLUSIONS : The results of this study strongly suggest that lower meniscal slopes of both the medial and lateral posterior horns are associated with ACL injuries in both males and females. Although the posterior horns reversed the bone PTS to an anterior inclined slope in both ACLD and ACLI patients, both the meniscus slope and the combined resultant slope were significantly lower and more positive at all 6 measured locations in ACLD knees.https://www.journals.elsevier.com/arthroscopy-the-journal-of-arthroscopy-and-related-surgery2022-12-28hj2022AnatomyOrthopaedic Surger

Ultrassonografia Doppler na avaliação renal de cadelas diagnosticadas com piometra antes e após tratamento com ovariosalpingohisterectomia

The aim of this study was evaluate the renal hemodynamics of bitches with pyometra by means of laboratory tests, ultrasound B mode and Doppler, before and after treatment with ovariohysterectomy (OSH). This study evaluated 30 bitches with pyometra, all were subjected to OSH (moment 1) and 20 were evaluated after 7 days (moment 2). The renal perfusion, the resistivity index (RI) of the main renal artery and the interlobar arteries (cranial, middle and caudal) were statistically different between times 1 and 2 (p<0,05). There was no statistical difference for renal perfusion between the left and the right kidney at the time 1 and 2. The correlations between the IR of the main artery and the variables used to determine renal function were stablished at the time 1. For the correlated variables: urea, creatinine, proteinuria, ratio GGT/creatinine and protein/creatinine were curvilinear and positive associations with the resistivity index of the main renal artery (p<0,05), however these correlations were considered medium and weak. Comparing the RI of the main renal artery with different scores of dehydration and renal perfusion, there was statistical difference, and show increased of resistance renal in bitches with moderate reduction in renal perfusion as well as in dehydrated bitches. Were evaluated several features of renal morphology in ultrasound B mode, however, only the presence of pelvic dilatation, medullary signal and other changes as infarcts areas and diffuse hyperechoic spots in the renal cortical and medullary were statistically different from one moment to the other, most frequently at the time 2. The results of this study show that the Doppler ultrasound can identify changes of reduction in renal perfusion by color Doppler and the increasing of the resistivity index of the renal arteries in some bitches with pyometra. As well as, the ultrasound B mode, although has non-specific changes, can detect progressive renal disorders in bitches with pyometra

Measurement of the CKM matrix element |V(ub)| with B ---> rho e nu decays

We present a measurement of the branching fraction for the rare decays B->rho e nu and extract a value for the magnitude of Vub, one of the smallest elements of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix. The results are given for five different calculations of form factors used to parametrize the hadronic current in semileptonic decays. Using a sample of 55 million BBbar meson pairs recorded with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e+e- storage ring, we obtain Br(B0->rho- e+ nu)=(3.29 +-0.42 +-0.47 +-0.60) x 10^-4 and |Vub|=(3.64 +-0.22 +-0.25 +0.39-0.56)x10^-3, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and theoretical, respectively.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let