A Qualitative Investigation into Components of Patient Safety Organizational Culture in the Medical Education Centers: A Medical Errors Management Approach

The patient safety is a subset of organizational culture and is defined as a set of individual and organizational priorities, values, attitudes and behaviors which look for minimizing errors and damages arising from the process of patient treatment. This study seeks to describe the experiences of patients and their companions about the patient safety organizational culture and medical errors management. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in the health and medical education centers affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2017. A total of 15 patients and companions receiving health services in medical education centers were selected using purposive sampling and in-depth interviews were conducted with the participants. Conventional qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: 186 initial codes, 23 sub-subcategories and 6 main themes were extracted from the data which are as follows: culture of errors acceptance vs. non-acceptance, culture of disclosing vs. hiding errors, psychological and physical consequences and financial burden of medical errors, learning from errors, the culture of patient participation and training, developing the culture of safety and all-inclusive quality improvement. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate a vast array of culture of nonacceptance vs. acceptance of errors and disclosing vs. hiding errors. Thus, it is imperative for the organization's senior managers to make corrective interventions so as to maintain and promote the culture of learning from errors and patient education and participation in the process of their treatment and ultimately the culture of safety and all-inclusive quality improvement

Is Atopic Dermatitis More Severe in Children with Lower Levels of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D?

Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic skin disease, which can lead to some complications in adulthood. According to the possibility that some environmental factors like vitamin D are effective in AD, this study was conducted to clarify the effect of serum level of vitamin D on it.Methods: This study was performed as a case-control study, in Hamadan University of Medical Science, comparing the serum level of vitamin D in 20 children with and 20 children without atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis was confirmed by standard criteria of Hanfin Verajka and the severity score was assessed using the SCORAD scoring system. Data was analyzed using SPSS software.Results: In this study, no significant differences were found in age, gender and place of residence between two groups.  And, there was no significant difference in serum level of vitamin D between two groups (P-value: 0.394) but a significant, direct relationship was observed between disease severity and serum levels of vitamin D (P-value: 0.0431).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that vitamin D deficiency alone may not trigger atopic dermatitis, but it can worsen the disease, so it seems that the serum level of vitamin D in children with atopic dermatitis should be checked and in case of deficiency, a supplement should be prescribed

Comparing the Mental Health of Children’s’ Mothers With ADHD And Normal Children’ Mothers In Hamedan

The aim of the study: Hyperactivity is one of the most common behavioral disorders that endanger parents' mental health, especially mothers, as someone who has first contact with child. This study aimed to compare the mental health of mothers with hyperactive children and mothers with normal children. Methods: The study's methodology is a scientific-comparison. Statistical population refers to all mothers of Hamedan city in 2011.Sample is 200 children’s mothers with ADHD and normal children’s mothers which is selected by available sampling from elementary school of Hamadan. Data is gathered by Conner (parent form) and SCL-90 questionnaires and is analyzed by computer program of SPSS. Results: The obtained results from statistical findings showed significant differences between the mental health of mothers with ADHD children and mothers with normal children in components of somatization, obsessive and compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoid thoughts and psychotic at the level of 0/01. This difference has advantage for mothers with normal children. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that children with ADHD disorder in the family have a huge impact on the mental health of mothers and families

Interacting Cosmic Fluids in Brans-Dicke Cosmology

We provide a detailed description for power-law scaling FRW cosmological models in Brans-Dicke theory dominated by two interacting fluid components during the expansion of the universe.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure

Generalized Brans-Dicke cosmology in the presence of matter and dark energy

We study the Generalized Brans-Dicke cosmology in the presence of matter and dark energy. Of particular interest for a constant Brans-Dicke parameter, the de Sitter space has also been investigated.Comment: 9 page

Comparison of Perfectionism in People Who Have Cosmetic Rhinoplasty Surgery and Control Group in Yasouj City

Background and Aim: In recent years demand for a variety of cosmetic surgery, especially rhinoplasty has been increased in our country. Some research has shown that psychological factors influence the request for cosmetic surgery. Therefore, this study was performed to examine the dimensions of perfectionism.Materials and Methods: The study was a causation - comparative study conducted in the spring and summer of 2010 in yasouj city. Fifty people undergone rhinoplasty surgery were compared with 50 subjects as controls. For the comparison of the dimensions and subscales of perfectionism, Frost multidimensional perfectionism scale was used. Data was analysed using SPSS software and dependent t test.Results: Women using rhinoplasty were more than men. Most participants were single and between 26-30 years. The majority of the subjects had university education and their income level was between 7010000 to 9000000rials. There was significant difference in the Perfectionism subscale between the two groups in the Individual standards (P=0/001), order (P=0/001), concern about mistakes (P=0/001), parental criticism (P=0/001), doubt about action (P=0/013) and parental expectations (P=0/04). Generally the study showed significant difference in Perfectionism between the two groups(P=0/001). Conclusion: People who had cosmetic rhinoplasty surgery were more perfectionists and were often negative perfectionists

Storia della repubblica di Venezia dalla sua fondazione sino l'anno 1747. Di Giacomo Diedo senatore proseguita da dotta penna fino all'anno 1792 - vol. 11

1794 Segn.: A-V8 Ultima c. bianca. http://catalogo.unipd.it/F?func=find-c&ccl_term=IDN=TSAE001947&local_base=SBP0

Delayed Auditory Feedback and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Treatment for the Enhancement of Speech Fluency in Adults Who Stutter: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND: Stuttering is a complex speech disorder that affects speech fluency. Recently, it has been shown that noninvasive brain stimulation may be useful to enhance the results of fluency interventions in adults who stutter. Delayed auditory feedback (DAF) is a method to enhance speech fluency in individuals who stutter. Adjunctive interventions are warranted to enhance the efficacy of this intervention. OBJECTIVE: Individuals who stutter have pathological activation patterns in the primary and secondary auditory areas. Consequently, in this study, we hypothesize that stimulation of these areas might be promising as an adjunctive method to fluency training via DAF to enhance speech therapy success in individuals with a stutter. We will systematically test this hypothesis in this study. METHODS: This study is designed as a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial. All participants will receive DAF. The intervention group will additionally receive real transcranial direct current stimulation, while the control group will be exposed to sham stimulation. The assignment of the participants to one of these groups will be randomized. Before starting the treatment program, 2 preintervention assessments will be conducted to determine the severity of stuttering. Once these assessments are completed, each subject will participate in 6 intervention sessions. Postintervention assessments will be carried out immediately and 1 week after the last intervention session. Subsequently, to explore the long-term stability of the treatment results, the outcome parameters will be obtained in follow-up assessments 6 weeks after the treatment. The primary outcome measurement—the percentage of stuttered syllables—will be calculated in pre-, post-, and follow-up assessments; the secondary outcomes will be the scores of the following questionnaires: the Stuttering Severity Instrument–Fourth Edition and the Overall Assessment of the Speaker’s Experience of Stuttering. RESULTS: This protocol was funded in 2019 and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Iran University of Medical Sciences in June 2019. Data collection started in October 2019. As of February 2020, we have enrolled 30 participants. We expect data analysis to be completed in April 2020, and results will be published in summer 2020. CONCLUSIONS: We anticipate that this study will show an adjunctive effect of transcranial direct current stimulation, when combined with DAF, on stuttering. This should include not only a reduction in the percentage of stuttered syllables but also improved physical behavior and quality of life in adults who stutter

The prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Iran: A systematic review

"nObjectives: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood. Children with ADHD may experience significant functional problems. Our objective was to examine the prevalence of ADHD and its subtypes in Iran. "nMethods: Pubmed, ISI web of science, psychinfo, Iranpsych, Iranmedex, Irandoc were searched. Irandoc, Iranmedex and Iranpsych are Iranian databases of which the last one is especially for psychiatry and psychology literature.Inclusion criteria were:  conducting studies by random sampling, using valid instruments to assess ADHD diagnosis or symptoms ,and presenting a prevalence of ADHD or attention deficit and / or hyperactivity symptoms. "nResults: after quality assessment, 16 studies were accepted. Their estimation of prevalence was different as different scales were used. Hyperactive type was more prevalent in boys, and inattentive type was more prevalent in girls. "nConclusion: Being aware of the epidemiology of ADHD in Iran helps us to make improvements in planning the allocation of funds for mental health services. Using one instrument in studying the prevalence of ADHD in a population may lead to more precise estimations