Freezing in random graph ferromagnets

Using T=0 Monte Carlo and simulated annealing simulation, we study the energy relaxation of ferromagnetic Ising and Potts models on random graphs. In addition to the expected exponential decay to a zero energy ground state, a range of connectivities for which there is power law relaxation and freezing to a metastable state is found. For some connectivities this freezing persists even using simulated annealing to find the ground state. The freezing is caused by dynamic frustration in the graphs, and is a feature of the local search-nature of the Monte Carlo dynamics used. The implications of the freezing on agent-based complex systems models are briefly considered.Comment: Published version: 1 reference deleted, 1 word added. 4 pages, 5 figure

Elasto-Plastic Behavior of Aluminum Foams Subjected to Compression Loading

The non-linear behavior of uniform-size cellular foams made of aluminum is investigated when subjected to compressive loads while comparing numerical results obtained in the Finite Element Method software (FEM) ANSYS workbench and ANSYS Mechanical APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language). The numerical model is built on AUTODESK INVENTOR, being imported into ANSYS and solved by the Newton – Raphson iterative method. The most similar conditions were used in ANSYS mechanical and ANSYS workbench, as possible. The obtained numerical results and the differences between the two programs are presented and discussed.Досліджено нелінійну поведінку однорідних кліткоподібних пін, зроблених з алюмінію і підданих стиску. Порівнено числові результати, одержані двома програмними пакетами: Finite Element Method software (FEM) ANSYS workbench і ANSYS Mechanical APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language). Числову модель побудовано в AUTODESK INVENTOR і надалі її імпортовано в ANSYS і розв'язано за допомогою методу Ньютона - Рафсона. Використано якомога ближчі умови у вказаних пакетах. Представлено і прокоментовано одержані числові результати і спостережені відмінності між двома пакетами

Genetic Divergence Among Accessions Of Cassava (manihot Esculenta Crantz) Sampled In The Tapajós Region, State Of Pará, Using Agronomic Characters And Microsatellite Markers

The aim of this work was to estimate the genetic divergence among accessions of cassava sampled in the Tapajós region in the State of Pará, Brazil, and conserved at the Regional Germplasm Bank of Eastern Amazon, using agronomic descriptors and molecular markers. Twenty-two accessions of cassava were evaluated in the field for two successive years, based on six agronomic descriptors in twelve-months-old plants without a specific experimental design. Accessions were also evaluated with eleven microsatellite loci in an automatic DNA analyser. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were applied. Based on principal components analysis, the character weight of the aerial portion of the plant contributed most to the phenotypical variation. The six traits were used in the analysis of genetic dissimilarity between accessions, and the correlation between matrices generated by morphological and molecular data was estimated. The matrices of genetic dissimilarity were used in the construction of dendrograms using the UPGMA method. We observed a high variation of agronomical descriptors and molecular markers evaluated, which were capable to separate the accessions into distinct groups. A weak positive correlation was detected among the two matrices of genetic distances, which indicates the possibility to explore the genetic diversity using crossings and accessions Amarelinha 36 and Olho roxo 13 are divergent and potentially promising for the generation of heterotic hybrids.3752989300

Uso da Região Ventroglútea como Alternativa para Administração de Imunobiológicos: Uma Revisão Bibliográfica

A administração de imunobiológicos é uma atividade que deve ser desempenhada por profissionais com domínio de habilidades e conhecimento. Para escolha do local de aplicação das mais diversas vacinas, critérios como menor reatogenicidade e melhor imunogenicidade devem ser considerados. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a administração de imunobiológicos na região ventroglútea, ressaltando as vantagens e desvantagens desta via. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa descritiva de natureza bibliográfica realizada por meio das bases de dados. Foram pesquisados artigos que estudaram a utilização da região ventroglútea como área de escolha para administração de injetáveis. O estudo demonstrou apesar de ser uma região segura para administração de vacinas, ainda não é bem aceita pelos profissionais de saúde.Palavras-chaves: vacina, ventroglúetaABSTRACTThe administration of immunobiological is an activity that should beperformed by professionals with domain knowledge and skills. To choose thesite of application of various vaccines, criteria such as low reactogenicity andimmunogenicity best should be considered. This study aimed to investigate theevidence available in the literature on the management of the immunobiologicalventrogluteal site, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of this route.This was a descriptive nature of bibliographic through databases. We searchedarticles that studied the use of ventrogluteal site as an area of choice forintravenous administration. The study demonstrated despite being a safe regionfor vaccine administration, yet not well accepted by health professionals.KEYWORDS: vaccine, ventroglutea

Electromyographic activity of shoulder muscles during exercises performed with oscillatory and non-oscillatory poles

BACKGROUND: Pain and dysfunction of the shoulder complex are commonly found physiotherapy practice. These musculoskeletal abnormalities are related to instability and inadequate kinematic function, that depend on the integrity of the muscle tissues. Thus, to enhance the results of exercise therapies, and prevent and attenuate pain and dynfunction, the use of oscillatory pole has been implemented in clinical practice. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to analyze the electromyographic (EMG) activity of shoulder stabilizing muscles during exercises performed with an oscillatory and a non-oscillatory pole. METHODS: Twelve female volunteers, aged 20.4 years±1.9, participated in this study. EMG data were collected from upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT) and middle deltoid (MD) during three different exercises with an oscillatory and a non-oscillatory pole. The EMG signals were analyzed in the time domain through the calculation of Root Mean Square (RMS). The RMS values were normalized by the peak value obtained over all trials for each muscle. Statistical analysis was performed with repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc of Bonferroni tests. RESULTS: The EMG activity of UT, LT and MD muscles were significantly higher with the oscillatory pole than the non-oscillatory pole (all p<0,001). There were no significant differences in the activation of these muscles between exercises. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicated that the oscillatory pole does require higher activation of the shoulder muscles and therefore, may be useful in the training of the shoulder complex

Automatic structures for semigroup constructions

We survey results concerning automatic structures for semigroup constructions, providing references and describing the corresponding automatic structures. The constructions we consider are: free products, direct products, Rees matrix semigroups, Bruck-Reilly extensions and wreath products.Comment: 22 page

Long-Term Systemic Expression of a Novel PD-1 Blocking Nanobody from an AAV Vector Provides Antitumor Activity without Toxicity

Immune checkpoint blockade using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) able to block programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 axis represents a promising treatment for cancer. However, it requires repetitive systemic administration of high mAbs doses, often leading to adverse effects. We generated a novel nanobody against PD-1 (Nb11) able to block PD-1/PD-L1 interaction for both mouse and human molecules. Nb11 was cloned into an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector downstream of four different promoters (CMV, CAG, EF1α, and SFFV) and its expression was analyzed in cells from rodent (BHK) and human origin (Huh-7). Nb11 was expressed at high levels in vitro reaching 2–20 micrograms/mL with all promoters, except SFFV, which showed lower levels. Nb11 in vivo expression was evaluated in C57BL/6 mice after intravenous administration of AAV8 vectors. Nb11 serum levels increased steadily along time, reaching 1–3 microgram/mL two months post-treatment with the vector having the CAG promoter (AAV-CAG-Nb11), without evidence of toxicity. To test the antitumor potential of this vector, mice that received AAV-CAG-Nb11, or saline as control, were challenged with colon adenocarcinoma cells (MC38). AAV-CAG-Nb11 treatment prevented tumor formation in 30% of mice, significantly increasing survival. These data suggest that continuous expression of immunomodulatory nanobodies from long-term expression vectors could have antitumor effects with low toxicity

Stellar evolution and modelling stars

In this chapter I give an overall description of the structure and evolution of stars of different masses, and review the main ingredients included in state-of-the-art calculations aiming at reproducing observational features. I give particular emphasis to processes where large uncertainties still exist as they have strong impact on stellar properties derived from large compilations of tracks and isochrones, and are therefore of fundamental importance in many fields of astrophysics.Comment: Lecture presented at the IVth Azores International Advanced School in Space Sciences on "Asteroseismology and Exoplanets: Listening to the Stars and Searching for New Worlds" (arXiv:1709.00645), which took place in Horta, Azores Islands, Portugal in July 201

Perfil dos Usuários de Medicamentos das Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Ceres-GO.

Foram aplicados 321 questionários aos usuários de medicamentos nas seis unidades básicas de saúde da cidade de Ceres – GO.  Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo software EPI INFO 3.5.2 e Microsoft Office Excel® 2007. O perfil dos entrevistados demonstra que a população estudada é carente de informações quanto ao uso correto de medicamentos, sendo a ausência do farmacêutico uma das principais causas deste problema. Portanto esta pesquisa fornece subsídios importantes para o estabelecimento de estratégias específicas e políticas públicas como a Política Nacional de Medicamentos e a Política Nacional de Assistência Farmacêutica, visando à melhoria da saúde da população. Abstract 321 questionnaires were applied to drug users in the six basic health units in the city of Ceres - GO. Data were statistically analyzed by using EPI INFO 3.5.2 and Microsoft Office Excel ® 2007. The profile of respondents shows that the population is deprived of information concerning the correct use of medicines, and the absence of the pharmacist a major cause of this problem. Therefore this research provides important support for the establishment of specific strategies and policies such as the National Drug Policy and the National Policy for Pharmaceutical Care, aiming to improve the population's health

Entropy of near-extremal black holes in AdS_5

We construct the microstates of near-extremal black holes in AdS_5 x S^5 as gases of defects distributed in heavy BPS operators in the dual SU(N) Yang-Mills theory. These defects describe open strings on spherical D3-branes in the S^5, and we show that they dominate the entropy by directly enumerating them and comparing the results with a partition sum calculation. We display new decoupling limits in which the field theory of the lightest open strings on the D-branes becomes dual to a near-horizon region of the black hole geometry. In the single-charge black hole we find evidence for an infrared duality between SU(N) Yang-Mills theories that exchanges the rank of the gauge group with an R-charge. In the two-charge case (where pairs of branes intersect on a line), the decoupled geometry includes an AdS_3 factor with a two-dimensional CFT dual. The degeneracy in this CFT accounts for the black hole entropy. In the three-charge case (where triples of branes intersect at a point), the decoupled geometry contains an AdS_2 factor. Below a certain critical mass, the two-charge system displays solutions with naked timelike singularities even though they do not violate a BPS bound. We suggest a string theoretic resolution of these singularities.Comment: LaTeX; v2: references and a few additional comments adde