Sélection in vitro de lignées de cals de porte-greffes d'agrumes tolérant la salinité

Les cals de deux porte-greffes d’agrumes Poncirus trifoliata et Citrus aurantium, induits en présence de 2,4-D, ont été mis en culture et subit des subcultures successives dans un milieu MS modifié additionné de NaCl dont l’application a été progressive. La concentration de sel a affecté de façon notable les paramètres de croissance mesurés (poids frais, poids sec, surface et hauteur). Les concentrations 7 g/l et particulièrement 9 g/l sont les plus sélectives. L’interaction entre la concentration de sel et le génotype est significative après trois subcultures successives et Poncirus trifoliata a présenté la meilleure croissance des cals. Le criblage, in vitro, des cals dans les conditions de stress salin a permis ainsi de sélectionner des lignées de cals de Poncirus trifoliata tolérants ayant même développé des pousses feuillées (18%) en présence de 9 g/l de NaCl. Une différence de comportement in vitro vis-à-vis du stress salin entre les cals et les jeunes plantules issues des germinations des deux portegreffes a été notée

Role of Interaction and Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase B in Regulation of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Function by cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase A

Cystic fibrosis results from mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and ATP-regulated chloride channel. Here, we demonstrate that nucleoside diphosphate kinase B (NDPK-B, NM23-H2) forms a functional complex with CFTR. In airway epithelia forskolin/IBMX significantly increases NDPK-B co-localisation with CFTR whereas PKA inhibitors attenuate complex formation. Furthermore, an NDPK-B derived peptide (but not its NDPK-A equivalent) disrupts the NDPK-B/CFTR complex in vitro (19-mers comprising amino acids 36-54 from NDPK-B or NDPK-A). Overlay (Far-Western) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) analysis both demonstrate that NDPK-B binds CFTR within its first nucleotide binding domain (NBD1, CFTR amino acids 351-727). Analysis of chloride currents reflective of CFTR or outwardly rectifying chloride channels (ORCC, DIDS-sensitive) showed that the 19-mer NDPK-B peptide (but not its NDPK-A equivalent) reduced both chloride conductances. Additionally, the NDPK-B (but not NDPK-A) peptide also attenuated acetylcholine-induced intestinal short circuit currents. In silico analysis of the NBD1/NDPK-B complex reveals an extended interaction surface between the two proteins. This binding zone is also target of the 19-mer NDPK-B peptide, thus confirming its capability to disrupt NDPK-B/CFTR complex. We propose that NDPK-B forms part of the complex that controls chloride currents in epithelia

NM23 proteins: innocent bystanders or local energy boosters for CFTR?

NM23 proteins NDPK-A and -B bind to the cystic fibrosis (CF) protein CFTR in different ways from kinases such as PKA, CK2 and AMPK or linkers to cell calcium such as calmodulin and annexins. NDPK-A (not -B) interacts with CFTR through reciprocal AMPK binding/control, whereas NDPK-B (not -A) binds directly to CFTR. NDPK-B can activate G proteins without ligand-receptor coupling, so perhaps NDPK-B's binding influences energy supply local to a nucleotide-binding site (NBD1) needed for CFTR to function. Curiously, CFTR (ABC-C7) is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein family that does not obey 'clan rules'; CFTR channels anions and is not a pump, regulates disparate processes, is itself regulated by multiple means and is so pleiotropic that it acts as a hub that orchestrates calcium signaling through its consorts such as calmodulin/annexins. Furthermore, its multiple partners make CFTR dance to different tunes in different cellular and subcellular locations as it recycles from the plasma membrane to endosomes. CFTR function in airway apical membranes is inhibited by smoking which has been dubbed 'acquired CF'. CFTR alone among family members possesses a trap for other proteins that it unfurls as a 'fish-net' and which bears consensus phosphorylation sites for many protein kinases, with PKA being the most canonical. Recently, the site of CFTR's commonest mutation has been proposed as a knock-in mutant that alters allosteric control of kinase CK2 by log orders of activity towards calmodulin and other substrates after CFTR fragmentation. This link from CK2 to calmodulin that binds the R region invokes molecular paths that control lumen formation, which is incomplete in the tracheas of some CF-affected babies. Thus, we are poised to understand the many roles of NDPK-A and -B in CFTR function and, especially lumen formation, which is defective in the gut and lungs of many CF babies

CLAMP: accounting for leaf clumping in radiative transfer modelling

National audienc

Lifetime modeling of silica optical fiber in static fatigue test

International audienceDuring their use, optical fibers are subject to harsh installation and environmental conditions. To evaluate more precisely the lifetime of an optical fiber, it is necessary to study the mechanical behavior of optical fibers under extreme conditions, in particular under mechanical and thermal stresses. This paper presents the results of new silica optical fibers aged in hot water between 20 °C and 70 °C and subjected to mechanical static bending stresses from 3 GPa to 3.5 GPa. Thermal dependence of the time to failure was observed. This dependence can be described by the Arrhenius model, where the activation energy is one of the main physical characteristic. The stress corrosion parameter also seems to regularly change with temperature. © 2016 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológic

CASH INCENTIVE DAN PROSES DISARMAMENT DI NIGER DELTA PADA TAHUN 2004

This thesis discusses about the influence of cash incentive for armed groups in Niger Delta�s disarmament process on 2004. Disarmament process in Niger Delta is held to overcome the conflict between NDV and NDPVF during 2003-2004. The disarmament process in the Niger Delta remains occured although it had some drawbacks that can cause the failure of that process. The responsible actors in disarmament process were not neutral and corrupt. In addition, the disarmament process was still underway despite the lack of planning. Cash used as incentive had an influence in the disarmament process so that process still underway despite lack of planning and committed by responsible actors that can not be trusted. The armed groups used the disarmament process as a mean to support their financial and material resources. Cash incentive used in disarmament process was misused to support financial resources of the armed groups so they can strengthen their military resources. Thereby the armed groups can continue their struggle. This thesis as a partial fulfillment to get Master degree from Graduate Program in International Relations, Gadjah Mada University, is hopefully able to serve as an introductory research for any related topics on disarmament and other issues related to peacebuilding study

Étude floristique et ethnobotanique de la flore médicinale du Haut Atlas oriental (Haute Moulouya)

Objective: This study is considered as a contribution to the study of medicinal plants that are used in traditional herbal medicne by the local population of the Haute Moulouya. Methods and results: Using 320 questionnaires, a series of ethnobotanical surveys was conducted in the field during the years of 2012 and 2013. The location of different backgrounds for the floristic and ethnobotanical surveys was spotted by the stratified random sampling method. The study of medicinal plants showed a floristic richness of 115 medicinal species divided into 45 families and 99 genera with a predominance of the following families: Lamiaceae (20), Asteraceae (11), Apiaceae (8), Fabaceae (7) Rosacea (5), and Poaceae (5). The results of this study also showed that the foliage is the most used part, and the majority of remedies are prepared as a decoction. Herbal remedies are often used to treat digestive disorders (44%), and 40% of these plants have caused poisoning. Conclusion and Application : These surveys provide information on medicinal plants (floristic data, the used part, mode of preparation, and toxicity) and the profile of the informant (gender, age, level of education,…).They have also assessed the impact of the collection of medicinal plants on the environment. Moreover, this study could offer an important value for bibliographic researches in the fields of phytochemistry, pharmacology and a seat base for future generations.Keywords: medicinal plants; ethnobotany; floristic; traditional herbal medicine; Haute Moulouya

Study of the impact of the aspect ratio of etched silicon wafers on the ion angular distribution and ion energy distribution in pulsed plasma etching

International audienc

Plug-in connectors aging and in situ diagnostic tool force measurement implementation

International audienceThis paper concerns the study of plug-in connector used in low level (a few Amperes). In this case, the application fields are instrumentation and control (IandC) installations. The long service duration of these semi-permanent contacts throughout their lifetime relies on having a stable force. The objective of this study is to know the main mechanical parameters which impact on the connector’s lifetime. The main results are that insertion force and friction coefficient of contact change after thousands of insertion-extraction cycles. To avoid these parameters (insertion force and friction coefficient μ) that change during mating cycle, an innovative diagnostic tool has been investigated, to directly measure, in situ, the contact force of each spring of the connector. © 2016, Editura Cefin. All rights reserved

Robust LAI Retrieval Using Sentinel-2 Red-Edge Bands.

International audienc