АЛЛОТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ АВО-НЕСОВМЕСТИМЫХ ПОЧЕК У ДЕТЕЙ

At present the problem of donor organs for transplantation shortage remains unsolved. Cautious and mixed attitude towards the transplantation of incompatible kidneys remains, while it could considerably reduce the donor organ waiting time for a recipient. Experience of 19 allotransplantations of ABO-incompatible kidneys in children is analyzed in the article. A group of 14 patients who received ABOcompatible kidneys was chosen for the comparative analysis. Such parameters as the assessment of function of allotransplanted kidneys, morphology character comparison of biopsy materials of allo-kidneys in both groups, actuarial survival rate of the recipients with functioning allografts are used to assess the results. Comparison of the aforementioned parameters showed practically the same results, and that enables us to assert that transplantations of kidneys of ABO-incompatible donors have the right to exist.В настоящее время остается нерешенной проблема нехватки донорских органов для трансплантации. Сохраняется настороженное, неоднозначное отношение к пересадке несовместимых почек, применение которых могло бы значительно сократить время ожидания реципиентом донорского органа. В статье проанализирован опыт 19 аллотрансплантаций АВ0-несовместимых почек у детей. Для сравнительного анализа выбрана группа из 14 больных, которым выполнены пересадки АВ0-совместимых почек. Для оценки результатов использованы такие параметры, как оценка функции аллотрансплантированных почек, сравнение характера морфологии биоптатов аллопочек в обеих группах, оценка актуарной выживаемости реципиентов с функционирующими аллотрансплантатами. Сравнение вышеперечисленных параметров показало практически одинаковые результаты, что дает нам право утверждать: пересадки почек от АВ0-несовместимых доноров имеют право на существование

At the intersection of globalization and "civilizational originality' : cultural production in Putin's Russia

This special issue originates from a transnational collaboration of scholars in philology, comparative literature, social theory, sociology, anthropology, ethnography, and media studies. The collection strives to advance a research agenda built on the nexus of three intellectual and academic domains: post-Soviet Russian cultural studies', the research paradigm put forward by Cultural Studies, as well as empirical methods developed in sociology. The collection illustrates the importance of expanding the experience of Cultural Studies beyond its established spheres of national investigation, while it also speaks to the necessity to re-evaluate the hegemony of the English-language academic and cultural production on the global scale. The collection offers insights into the gamut of cultural practices and institutional environments in which Russian cultural production happens today. It shows how cultural industries and institutions in Russia are integrated into the global marketplace and transnational communities, while they also draw on and contribute to local lives and experiences by trying to create an autonomous space for symbolic production at personal and collective levels. Through diverse topics, the issue sheds light on the agency, i.e. practitioners and participants, creators and consumers, of Russian cultural production and the neoliberal practices implemented on creative work and cultural administration in Russia today. The Introduction outlines the development of academic studies on Russian cultural practices since 1991; describes main political developments shaping the cultural field in Putin's Russia; and, finally, identifies the Cultural Studies debates the editors of the collection find most productive for investigations of Russia, i.e. the instrumentalization of culture and culture as resource. Relocated in an analysis of a post-socialist society, these conceptualisations seem increasingly problematic in a situation where local and federal policies governing cultural and creative work focus simultaneously on marketization and on nationalism as the main tools of legitimizing the federal government.Peer reviewe

Trait‐based analysis of subpolar North Atlantic phytoplankton and plastidic ciliate communities using automated flow cytometer

Plankton are an extremely diverse and polyphyletic group, exhibiting a large range in morphological and physiological traits. Here, we apply automated optical techniques, provided by the pulse‐shape recording automated flow cytometer—CytoSense—to investigate trait variability of phytoplankton and plastidic ciliates in Arctic and Atlantic waters of the subpolar North Atlantic. We used the bio‐optical descriptors derived from the CytoSense (light scattering [forward and sideward] and fluorescence [red, yellow/green and orange from chlorophyll a, degraded pigments, and phycobiliproteins, respectively]) and translated them into functional traits to demonstrate ecological trait variability along an environmental gradient. Cell size was the master trait varying in this study, with large photosynthetic microplankton (> 20 μm in cell diameter), including diatoms as single cells and chains, as well as plastidic ciliates found in Arctic waters, while small‐sized phytoplankton groups, such as the picoeukaryotes (< 4 μm) and the cyanobacteria Synechococcus were dominant in Atlantic waters. Morphological traits, such as chain/colony formation and structural complexity (i.e., cellular processes, setae, and internal vacuoles), appear to favor buoyancy in highly illuminated and stratified Arctic waters. In Atlantic waters, small cell size and spherical cell shape, in addition to photo‐physiological traits, such as high internal pigmentation, offer chromatic adaptation for survival in the low nutrient and dynamic mixing waters of the Atlantic Ocean. The use of automated techniques that quantify ecological traits holds exciting new opportunities to unravel linkages between the structure and function of plankton communities and marine ecosystems

RESTENOSIS RISK FACTORS AFTER CORONARY ARTERY STENTING IN OBESE PATIENTS

Aim. To assess the role of epicardial obesity (O) and other metabolic factors in the development of coronary artery (CA) restenosis after CA stenting.Material and methods. The study included 68 men with coronary heart disease (CHD), Functional Class II–III effort angina, aged 38–70 years (mean age 54,4±9,1 years). All participants had Stage I–III O, with the mean body mass index (BMI) of 33,71±3,02 kg/m2. All patients underwent planned angioplasty and stenting of one or two CA. The levels of major and additional metabolic risk factors (leptin, resistin) and proinflammatory markers (interleukin (IL) 6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) α) were measured. Epicardial obesity was assessed using transthoracic echocardiography (EchoCG) in B-mode, with the linear measurement of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) behind the right ventriculum.Results. During the first year after CA stenting, 28% of the patients developed in-stent restenosis. The most important determinants of the restenosis risk were IL-6, adiponectin, EAT thickness, and leptin. In patients with restenosis, the mean EAT thickness value (8 (5–10) mm) was almost twice as large as in restenosis-free patients (4,3 (3–6) mm; p&lt;0,001). In participants with EAT thickness &gt;3 mm, 38% had CA restenosis; for patients with EAT thickness of &gt;5 mm and &gt;7 mm, the respective figures were 52% and 66%. The multivariate analysis results suggested that the combination of epicardial O and baseline elevation of IL-6 and leptin significantly increases the risk of restenosis (odds ratio 18,9; 95% confidence interval 8–145; p&lt;0,001).Conclusion. Increased EAT thickness at EchoCG was linked to the risk of restenosis. The combination of epicardial O and baseline elevation of pro-inflammatory markers and markers of neurohumoral activation of visceral fat tissue has a significant impact on the risk of myocardial revascularisation complications

Microalgal Biomass of Industrial Interest: Methods of Characterization

International audienceMicroalgae represent a new source of biomass for many applications. The advantage of microalgae over higher plants is their high productivities. The photoautotrophic microalgae include all photosynthetic microorganisms, i.e. Cyanobacteria (prokaryotes) or microalgae (eukaryotes). These microorganisms are characterized by a large biodiversity and chimiodiversity. Then, the analysis of microalgal and cyanobacterial biomass often needs specific adaptations of the classical protocols for extraction as well as for quantification of their contents. This chapter reviewed the main analytical methods used for the analysis of microalgae biomass and its main vaporizable compounds: proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, pigments and secondary metabolites