Fast and secure key distribution using mesoscopic coherent states of light

This work shows how two parties A and B can securely share sequences of random bits at optical speeds. A and B possess true-random physical sources and exchange random bits by using a random sequence received to cipher the following one to be sent. A starting shared secret key is used and the method can be described as an unlimited one-time-pad extender. It is demonstrated that the minimum probability of error in signal determination by the eavesdropper can be set arbitrarily close to the pure guessing level. Being based on the $M$-ry encryption protocol this method also allows for optical amplification without security degradation, offering practical advantages over the BB84 protocol for key distribution.Comment: 11 pages and 4 figures. This version updates the one published in PRA 68, 052307 (2003). Minor changes were made in the text and one section on Mutual Information was adde

Investigação das argamassas antigas de revestimento da Redução Jesuítica Guarani, São Miguel Arcanjo, Brasil

A Redução Guaranítica de São Miguel Arcanjo, um dos sete povos missioneiros que se instalaram no noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, por volta de 1687 no atual sítio, e parte de um dos trinta povos formados pela Companhia de Jesus. Dada a sua relevância histórica para o Brasil, este estudo tem como objetivo principal caracterizar analiticamente a constituição físicoquímica das argamassas originais, que ainda pontualmente são encontradas na Ruína, identificar seus principais materiais constituintes, bem como a existência ou não da cal e a forma com que esta se apresenta. Resultados obtidos, por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV-EDS), difração de raios X (DRX), espectroscopia no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), análise granulométrica e análise por termogravimétrica (TG/DTG) indicam que a fonte principal de aglomerante era a cal. Cal, de origem animal ou pétrea, com a presença da cal calcítica em ambos os conjuntos de amostras. Os estudos mostram a presença da variação do carbonato de cálcio em aragonita nas amostras internas e de hidroxiapatita nas externas. Assim, com base neste estudo, busca-se de modo simplificado facilitar o trabalho de investigação de uma obra de restauro, com a criação de uma rotina básica para conhecimento e caracterização da matéria a ser restaurada se necessário para posterior intervenção

ASA-SimaaS: Advancing Digital Transformation through Simulation Services in the Brazilian Air Force

This work explores the use of military simulations in predicting and evaluating the outcomes of potential scenarios. It highlights the evolution of military simulations and the increased capabilities that have arisen due to the advancement of artificial intelligence. Also, it discusses the various applications of military simulations, such as developing tactics and employment doctrines, training decision-makers, evaluating new acquisitions, and developing new technologies. The paper then focuses on the Brazilian Air Force's efforts to create its own simulation tool, the Aerospace Simulation Environment (Ambiente de Simula\c{c}\~ao Aeroespacial -- ASA in Portuguese), and how this cloud-based service called ASA Simulation as a Service (ASA-SimaaS) can provide greater autonomy and economy for the military force. The main contribution of this work is to present the ASA-SimaaS solution as a means of empowering digital transformation in defense scenarios, establishing a partnership network, and improving the military's simulation capabilities and competitiveness

Waste Inventorization Inorganic In The Mangrove Ecosystem Bunaken Island For The East Part

The coastal area is a potential resource in Indonesia, is an intermediate area between the mainland and Ocean. This resource is very large which is supported by the existing coastline 81,000 km long. Long coastline This holds the potential for a large wealth of natural resources. The potential including biological and non-biological potential. in addition to the potential for natural resources that are widespread on the coast of Indonesia, potential pollution to the coastal and marine environment has quite a big opportunity. this opportunity could be caused by Indonesia's population density, high tourist activity including transportation, and major construction. As for the goal This study aims to identify the type and amount of waste inorganic in the Bunaken coastal mangrove ecosystem in the eastern part and identify the size and weight characteristics of inorganic waste in the mangrove ecosystem. The method used The result of this research is the coastline survey method methodology based on NOAA (2013) and line transects with taking 2 stations. This research was conducted for three months, which at each station has 1 transect line, each of which has 5 plots/sampling plots. Transect lines are carried out in parallel coastline along 50 meters of trash in the mangrove forest the distance between stations is 50 m, where the transect line must be located represents the research area. The data taken next is back analysis with the help of a computer program MS Excel The types of marine debris found at the research location are plastic, rubber, metal, and glass waste. The total size of the litter type which was found at the research location showed 2 characteristics, namely mega- debris and macro-debris. The most dominant type of waste is plastic waste.Keywords: Inorganic waste, Mangrove, East BunakenAbstrak Wilayah pesisir yang merupakan sumber daya potensial di Indonesia, adalah daerah peralihan antara daratan dan lautan.Sumber daya ini sangat besar yang didukung oleh adanya garis pantai sepanjang sekitar81.000 km. Garis pantai yang panjang ini menyimpan potensi kekayaan sumber alam yang besar.Potensi itu diantaranya potensi non hayati dan hayati.Disamping potensi sumberdaya alam yang tersebar luas di pesisir Indonesia, potensi pencemaran terhadap lingkungan pesisir dan laut pun memilik i peluang yang cukup besar.Peluang ini dapat disebabkan oleh padatnya penduduk Indonesia, aktifitas wis ata yang cukup tinggi termasuk transportasi, dan pembangunan yang besar. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu Mengidentifikasi jenis dan jumlah sampah anorganik yang berada di ekosistem mangrove pantai Bunaken bagian timur Dan Mengidentifikasi karakteristik ukuran dan berat sampah anorganik pada ekosistem mangrove. Metode yang dipakai dalam hasil penelitian ini adalah metode shoreline survey methodology berdasarkan NOAA (2013) dan Line transect dengan mengambil 2 stasiun . Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama tiga bulan, dimana dalam setiap stasiun terdapat 1 line transect yang masing–masing memilik i 5 petak/plot pengambilan sampel. Jalur transek dilakukukan sejajar garis pantai sepanjang 50 meter adanya sampah pada mangrove jarak antar stasiun adalah 50 m, dimana jalur transek tersebut harus mewakili wilayah penelitian. Data yang di ambil selanjutnya d i analisa kembali dengan bantuan program komputer MS Excel Jenis sampah laut yang ditemukan pada lokasi penelitian berupa sampah plastik, karet, logam, dan kaca. Jumlah ukuran jenis sampah yang terdapat di loksasi penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat 2 karakteristik yaitu mega-debris dan macro-debris. Jenis sampah yang paling dominan adalah sampah plastik.Kata Kunci: Sampah Anorganik, Mangrove, Bunaken Timur

Agenesia e lipoma de corpo caloso: relato de caso

The agenesis and lipoma of the corpus callosum is a very rare association. We report the case of a 18-years old woman with rare epileptic seizures since the age of 6 years, normal neurological examination, as well as normal electroencephalogram. The brain computed tomography scanning and the magnetic resonance showed the lipoma and the agenesis of the corpus callosum.A agenesia e lipoma do corpo caloso é uma associação muito rara. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 18 anos com raras crises epilépticas desde os 6 anos de idade, exame neurológico normal, assim como eletrencefalograma normal. A tomografia computadorizada de crânio e a ressonância magnética mostraram o lipoma e a agenesia de corpo caloso.Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Lesão renal aguda causada pelo veneno das cobras Crotalus e Bothrops: revisão da epidemiologia, das manifestações clínicas e do tratamento

SUMMARY Ophidic accidents are an important public health problem due to their incidence, morbidity and mortality. An increasing number of cases have been registered in Brazil in the last few years. Several studies point to the importance of knowing the clinical complications and adequate approach in these accidents. However, knowledge about the risk factors is not enough and there are an increasing number of deaths due to these accidents in Brazil. In this context, acute kidney injury (AKI) appears as one of the main causes of death and consequences for these victims, which are mainly young males working in rural areas. Snakes of the Bothrops and Crotalus genera are the main responsible for renal involvement in ophidic accidents in South America. The present study is a literature review of AKI caused by Bothrops and Crotalus snake venom regarding diverse characteristics, emphasizing the most appropriate therapeutic approach for these cases. Recent studies have been carried out searching for complementary therapies for the treatment of ophidic accidents, including the use of lipoic acid, simvastatin and allopurinol. Some plants, such as Apocynaceae, Lamiaceae and Rubiaceae seem to have a beneficial role in the treatment of this type of envenomation. Future studies will certainly find new therapeutic measures for ophidic accidents.RESUMO Os acidentes ofídicos são importante problema de saúde pública devido à incidência, morbidade e mortalidade. Aumento do número de casos tem sido registrado no Brasil nos últimos anos. Vários estudos apontam para a importância do conhecimento das complicações clínicas e do tratamento adequado desses acidentes. Entretanto o conhecimento dos fatores de risco não é suficiente, e existe número crescente de óbitos devido a esses acidentes no Brasil. Neste contexto, a injúria renal aguda (IRA) aparece como uma das principais causas de óbito e sequela nestas vítimas, que são principalmente homens trabalhadores de zonas rurais. Os gêneros Bothrops e Crotalus são os principais responsáveis pelo envolvimento renal nos acidentes ofídicos na América do Sul. O presente estudo faz uma revisão da literatura sobre a IRA causada pela picada das serpentes dos gêneros Bothrops e Crotalus em suas diversas características, enfatizando a abordagem terapêutica mais adequada para estes casos. Estudos recentes tem sido realizados para a busca de terapias complementares para o tratamento dos acidentes ofídicos, incluindo o uso de ácido lipóico, sinvastatina e alopurinol. Algumas plantas, como a Apocynaceae, Lamiaceae e Rubiaceae parecem ter papel benéfico no tratamento destes envenenamentos. Estudos futuros irão certamente encontrar novas estratégias terapêuticas para os acidentes ofídicos

Hamilton-Jacobi Conditions for an Impulsive Control Problem

A vector-valued impulsive control problem is considered whose dynamics,defined by a differential inclusion, are such that the vector fields associated withthe singular term do not satisfy the so called Frobenius condition. A concept ofproper solution based on a reparametrization procedure is adopted which enables thederivation of optimality conditions of the Hamilton-Jacobi type. These conditions areobtained by taking a limit of those for an appropriate sequence of auxiliary standardoptimal control problems approximating the original one

Performance of Hierarchical Transforms in Homomorphic Encryption: A case study on Logistic Regression inference

Recent works challenged the Number-Theoretic Transform (NTT) as the most efficient method for polynomial multiplication in GPU implementations of Fully Homomorphic Encryption schemes such as CKKS and BFV. In particular, these works argue that the Discrete Galois Transform (DGT) is a better candidate for this particular case. However, these claims were never rigorously validated, and only intuition was used to argue in favor of each transform. This work brings some light on the dis- cussion by developing similar CUDA implementations of the CKKS cryptosystem, differing only in the underlying transform and related data structure. We ran several experiments and collected perfor- mance metrics in different contexts, ranging from the basic direct comparison between the transforms to measuring the impact of each one on the inference phase of the logistic regression algorithm. Our observations suggest that, despite some specific polynomial ring configurations, the DGT in a stan- dalone implementation does not offer the same performance as the NTT. However, when we consider the entire cryptosystem, we noticed that the effects of the higher arithmetic density of the DGT on other parts of the implementation is substantial, implying a considerable performance improvement of up to 15% on the homomorphic multiplication. Furthermore, this speedup is consistent when we consider a more complex application, indicating that the DGT suits better the target architecture

Faster Homomorphic Encryption over GPGPUs via hierarchical DGT

Privacy guarantees are still insufficient for outsourced data processing in the cloud. While employing encryption is feasible for data at rest or in transit, it is not for computation without remarkable performance slowdown. Thus, handling data in plaintext during processing is still required, which creates vulnerabilities that can be exploited by malicious entities. Homomorphic encryption (HE) schemes are natural candidates for computation in the cloud since they enable processing of ciphertexts without any knowledge about the related plaintexts or the decryption key. This work focuses on the challenge of developing an efficient implementation of the BFV HE scheme on CUDA. This is done by combining and adapting different approaches from the literature, namely the double-CRT representation and the Discrete Galois Transform. Moreover, we propose and implement an improved formulation of the DGT inspired by classical algorithms, which computes the transform up to $2.6$ times faster than the state-of-the-art. By using these approaches, we obtain up to $3.6$ times faster homomorphic multiplication