The Trajectory of Indigeneity Politics Against Land Dispossession in Indonesia

Under the New Order authoritarian regime, the state endorsed terra-nullification of the customary territories had been the basis for the stipulation of state forest (hutan negara).After the fall of the General Suharto led regime in 1998 generated a new phase for the struggles of the customary groups in different parts of the archipelago. This article examines the rise of indigeneity and counter-hegemonic indigenous legal maneuvering spearheaded by Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara (AMAN) against ongoing land dispossession in Indonesia since the fall of New Order authoritarian regime which includes the indigenous mobilizations (strategy, organization and tactics) in the post-authoritarian country, including the avenue of new types of legal activism when it comes to the creative destruction of global capitalism today. It focuses on two modes of policy advocacy and campaign against land dispossession: (a) the production of the Constitutional Court Ruling No. 35/PUU-X/2012, a new legal landmark that establishes the constitutional norm of the citizenship status of Indonesian indigenous peoples (masyarakat hukum adat) as rights bearing subjects, and the owners of their customary territory; and (b) the National Inquiry on Indigenous Peoples\u27 Rights held by the Indonesian National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM). The discussion describes The Colonialism of ‘State-Izing\u27 Customary Communities\u27 Territory, Contemporary Indigeneity Politics in Indonesia, Counter-Hegemonic Indigenous Legal Maneuvering, Judicial Review against The1999 Law No. 41on Forestry, National Inquiry on Indigenous Peoples\u27 Rights, and Connecting Counter-Hegemonic Indigenous Legal Maneuvering with the Grassroots Struggles which focuses on Mobilizing at Multiple Scales. It is concluded from this article that the efficacy of legal struggles is very much depend on the capacity to connect with the grassroots mobilization by continuously promulgating the resurgence of indigeneity politics against the destructive impacts of corporatized state under the servitude of global capitalism, the indigenous movement constituents in Indonesi

Performance of Anaerobic Reactor in Attached and Suspended Growth Mechanisms for the Removal of Tofu Wastewater

This study assessed the removal efficiency of organic compounds in attached and suspended growth mechanisms when an anaerobic reactor was used to treat tofu wastewater. Parameters such as BOD (BiologicalOxygen Demand), TSS (Total Suspended Solid) and VSS (Volatile Suspended Solid) were measured. The assessments of removal efficiency were measuredby the amount of degradation of organic compounds caused by the microorganisms. The analyses were conducted for 14 days with a ratio of 40% air and 60% wastewater for the suspended growth mechanism. In attached growth, gravel served as the media at 30% from 60% of wastewater with 40% air. The removal efficiency of organic compounds measured as the decrease of BOD, TSS, and VSS – in suspended and attached growth. BOD in suspended growth decrease 5,55% while 76,46% in attached growth, TSS in suspended growth decrease 64,59% while increased 19,40% in attached growth, similar results occurred for VSS parameter decrease 2,04% while increased 31,53%. The increased result of TSS and VSS in attached growth caused of biofilm growth. In conclusion, BOD, TSS, and VSS decreased greater when the anaerobic treatment in attached growth was applied

Integration of Phase Change Material in the Design of Solar Concentrator-Based Water Heating System.

Indonesia has been blessed with excellent solar heat distribution, which can be used as renewable energy to heat water. Various technologies have been developed to utilize these inexhaustible thermodynamic resources, in the form of photons arrays, converted into concentrated heat for daily use, i.e., solar water heater. This renewable-based water heating system can provide significant energy efficiency, benefit the environment, and reduce energy use costs. This experimental study attempts to harvest the energy from the sun using a cylindrical through collector (CTC) type solar concentrator. The CTC was made of the solar reflective film (SRF) affixed to concentrator collector surfaces which was then mounted on an adjustable angle frame of the concentrator collector support. The heat generated from the concentrator was stored in water, and phase change material is embedded in the system to retain the heat longer. The research was carried out in Langsa City, Aceh, Indonesia. The results showed that water heaters using CTC systems could produce 16 L of hot water retained at 40-60 °C for four hours. With the addition of beeswax, the water temperature of the same capacity can be maintained at 40-60 °C for around 5 h. This technology demonstrated an excellent result that produces as much as 60 L of water per day, increasing solar thermal energy efficiency. This technology presented a great potential for replication or even for further development on an industrial scale

Menyiapkan Generasi Muda Sigap Menghadapi Bencana Tanah Longsor

Landslides are one of the natural disasters that have had a wide range of social and economic consequences, including damage to public infrastructure, transportation, and telecommunications, as well as deaths Public understanding of disaster prevention, early sign of a disaster, how to handle it during, and after a disaster occurs is still low so it is necessary to educate the public to minimize losses. Preparing a young generation who is strong in dealing with landslides must be done early so that the community has preparedness when this disaster occurs. The students of  SMP PGRI 2 and SMP Negeri 4 Balikpapan City were chosen to receive education, considering that the location of this school is in an area that has a high potential for landslides because the area has a steep contour and is a densely populated area. Before and after education, a test was conducted to determine the level of students' understanding of the prevention and management of landslides.Landslides are one of the natural disasters that have had a wide range of social and economic consequences, including damage to public infrastructure, transportation, and telecommunications, as well as deaths Public understanding of disaster prevention, early sign of a disaster, how to handle it during, and after a disaster occurs is still low so it is necessary to educate the public to minimize losses. Preparing a young generation who is strong in dealing with landslides must be done early so that the community has preparedness when this disaster occurs. The students of  SMP PGRI 2 and SMP Negeri 4 Balikpapan City were chosen to receive education, considering that the location of this school is in an area that has a high potential for landslides because the area has a steep contour and is a densely populated area. Before and after education, a test was conducted to determine the level of students' understanding of the prevention and management of landslides

Probing host pathogen cross-talk by transcriptional profiling of both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and infected human dendritic cells and macrophages

This study provides the proof of principle that probing the host and the microbe transcriptomes simultaneously is a valuable means to accessing unique information on host pathogen interactions. Our results also underline the extraordinary plasticity of host cell and pathogen responses to infection, and provide a solid framework to further understand the complex mechanisms involved in immunity to M. tuberculosis and in mycobacterial adaptation to different intracellular environments

Psychotherapy in historical perspective

This article will briefly explore some of the ways in which the past has been used as a means to talk about psychotherapy as a practice and as a profession, its impact on individuals and society, and the ethical debates at stake. It will show how, despite the multiple and competing claims about psychotherapy’s history and its meanings, historians themselves have, to a large degree, not attended to the intellectual and cultural development of many therapeutic approaches. This absence has the potential consequence of implying that therapies have emerged as value-free techniques, outside of a social, economic and political context. The relative neglect of psychotherapy, by contrast with the attention historians have paid to other professions, particularly psychiatry, has also underplayed its societal impact. This article will foreground some of the instances where psychotherapy has become an object of emerging historical interest, including the new research that forms the substance of this special issue of History of the Human Sciences

Co-pyrolysis of Rice Husk with Underutilized Biomass Species: A Sustainable Route for Production of Precursors for Fuels and Valuable Chemicals

In this study, co-pyrolysis of rice husk with underutilized biomass, Napier grass and sago waste was carried out in a fixed bed reactor at 600 �C, 30 �C/min and 5 L/min nitrogen flowrate. Two-phase bio-oil (organic and aqueous) was collected and characterized using standard analytical techniques. 34.13–45.55 wt% total boil-oil yield was recorded using assorted biomass compared to pure risk husk biomass with 31.51 wt% yield. The organic phase consist mainly benzene derivatives with higher proportion in the oil from the co-pyrolysis process relative to the organic phase from the pyrolysis of the individual biomass while the aqueous phase in all cases was predominantly water, acids, ketones, aldehydes, sugars and traces of phenolics. This study has demonstrated a good approach towards increasing valorization of rice husk in a single reaction step for the production of high grade bio-oil, which can be transformed into fuel and valuable chemicals