651 research outputs found
Orbital Magnetism in Ensembles of Parabolic Potentials
We study the magnetic susceptibility of an ensemble of non-interacting
electrons confined by parabolic potentials and subjected to a perpendicular
magnetic field at finite temperatures. We show that the behavior of the average
susceptibility is qualitatively different from that of billiards. When averaged
over the Fermi energy the susceptibility exhibits a large paramagnetic response
only at certain special field values, corresponding to comensurate classical
frequencies, being negligible elsewhere. We derive approximate analytical
formulae for the susceptibility and compare the results with numerical
calculations.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, REVTE
Wang Bi\u27s Annotation on Laozi\u27s Place in China and Japan: Focusing on Ogyu Sorai
Wang Bi\u27s Annotation on Laozi ăèćăçćŒŒæłš is considered one of the representative notes on Laozi. In Chinahowever, it was not until 1781 when this book was included in Sikuquanshu ăććș«ć
šæžă that the study of Wang Bi\u27s note became popular. In Japan, while Wang Bi\u27s note was introduced before the 5th century, it received rare recognition until Okada Touin\u27s Laozi Daodejing Annotated by Wang Bi ćČĄç°æ±èŽ ăèćéćŸłç”çćŒŒæłšă published in 1734. However, further research reveals that Ogyu Sorai è»çćŸćŸ had pointed out in Keishishiyohran ăç”ććČèŠèŠ§ă that, in reading Laozi from the view of classical rhetoric ć€æèŸćŠ Wang Bi\u27s annotation should be referred to. Keishishiyohran was based on Sorai\u27s dictation before 1728, and it was earlier than both Okada Touin\u27s Laozi Annotated by Wang Bi (1734) and Sikuquanshu (1781). Therefore< judging from evidences currently available, it seems fair to conclude that Sorai was the pioneer who introduced Wang Bi\u27s annotation into the field of Laozi studies
Vortex solutions in axial or chiral coupled non-relativistic spinor- Chern-Simons theory
The interaction of a spin 1/2 particle (described by the non-relativistic
"Dirac" equation of L\'evy-Leblond) with Chern-Simons gauge fields is studied.
It is shown, that similarly to the four dimensional spinor models, there is a
consistent possibility of coupling them also by axial or chiral type currents.
Static self dual vortex solutions together with a vortex-lattice are found with
the new couplings.Comment: Plain TEX, 10 page
A hyperparasite affects the population dynamics of a wild plant pathogen
Assessing the impact of natural enemies of plant and animal pathogens on their hostâs
population dynamics is needed to determine the role of hyperparasites in affecting
disease dynamics, and their potential for use in efficient control strategies of patho-
gens. Here, we focus on the long-term study describing metapopulation dynamics of
an obligate pathogen, the powdery mildew (
Podosphaera plantaginis
) naturally infect-
ing its wild host plant (
Plantago lanceolata
) in the fragmented landscape of the
ïżœ
Aland
archipelago (southwest Finland). Regionally, the pathogen persists through a balance
of extinctions and colonizations, yet factors affecting extinction rates remain poorly
understood. Mycoparasites of the genus
Ampelomyces
appear as good candidates for
testing the role of a hyperparasite, i.e. a parasite of other parasites, in the regulation of
their fungal hostsâ population dynamics. For this purpose, we first designed a quantita-
tive PCR assay for detection of
Ampelomyces
spp. in field-collected samples. This
newly developed molecular test was then applied to a large-scale sampling within the
ïżœ
Aland archipelago, revealing that
Ampelomyces
is a widespread hyperparasite in this
system, with high variability in prevalence among populations. We found that the
hyperparasite was more common on leaves where multiple powdery mildew strains
coexist, a pattern that may be attributed to differential exposure. Moreover, the preva-
lence of
Ampelomyces
at the plant level negatively affected the overwinter survival of
its fungal host. We conclude that this hyperparasite may likely impact on its host pop-
ulation dynamics and argue for increased focus on the role of hyperparasites in disease
dynamics
Micro-scale Experimental System Coupled with Fluorescence-based Estimation of Fungal Biomass to Study Utilisation of Plant Substrates.
The degradation capacity and utilisation of complex plant substrates are crucial for the functioning of saprobic fungi and different plant symbionts with fundamental functions in ecosystems. Measuring the growth capacity and biomass of fungi on such systems is a challenging task. We established a new micro-scale experimental setup using substrates made of different plant species and organs as media for fungal growth. We adopted and tested a reliable and simple titration-based method for the estimation of total fungal biomass within the substrates using fluorescence-labelled lectin. We found that the relationship between fluorescence intensity and fungal dry weight was strong and linear but differed among fungi. The effect of the plant organ (i.e. root vs. shoot) used as substrate on fungal growth differed among plant species and between root endophytic fungal species. The novel microscale experimental system is useful for screening the utilisation of different substrates, which can provide insight into the ecological roles and functions of fungi. Furthermore, our fungal biomass estimation method has applications in various fields. As the estimation is based on the fungal cell wall, it measures the total cumulative biomass produced in a certain environment
Crustal exhumation and depocenter migration from the Alpine orogenic margin towards the Pannonian extensional back-arc basin controlled by inheritance
Speech-centric multimodal interaction for easy-to-access online services: A personal life assistant for the elderly
The PaeLife project is a European industry-academia collaboration whose goal is to provide the elderly with easy access to online services that make their life easier and encourage their continued participation in the society. To reach this goal, the project partners are developing a multimodal virtual personal life assistant (PLA) offering a wide range of services from weather information to social networking. This paper presents the multimodal architecture of the PLA, the services provided by the PLA, and the work done in the area of speech input and output modalities, which play a key role in the application.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Speech-centric multimodal interaction for easy-to-access online services: A personal life assistant for the elderly
The PaeLife project is a European industry-academia collaboration whose goal is to provide the elderly with easy access to online services that make their life easier and encourage their continued participation in the society. To reach this goal, the project partners are developing a multimodal virtual personal life assistant (PLA) offering a wide range of services from weather information to social networking. This paper presents the multimodal architecture of the PLA, the services provided by the PLA, and the work done in the area of speech input and output modalities, which play a key role in the application.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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