Second Response to the critique of "Cotton Gravity''

Clement and Noiucer submitted a note {\tt arXiv:2401.16008 [gr-qc]} replying to our criticism {\tt arXiv:2401.10479 [gr-qc]} of their previous submission. We reply to the contents of this note and remark that these authors have not addressed our arguments. This will be our last response to them. Readers are advised to look at all material and judge by themselvesComment: 2 pages, 6 reference

CAMBIO DE COBERTURA Y USO DEL SUELO EN LA CUENCA DEL RIO MOLOLOA, NAYARIT

Los cambios de cobertura y uso del suelo se han reconocido en muchos países como una de las principales causas de deterioro ambiental, por ello están ubicados en el centro de la investigación ambiental y representan un punto importante en diferentes ámbitos como medio para entender los mecanismos de este proceso de deterioro y guía para la toma razo- nable de decisiones sobre el uso del territorio. En el estado de Nayarit, la cuenca del río Mo- loloa ha proveído de un conjunto de bienes y servicios a las localidades que involucra; des- afortunadamente, esta relación ha repercutido en un deterioro acelerado de sus recursos na- turales. En este trabajo se analizan los cambios de cobertura y uso del suelo en la cuenca del río Mololoa, entre 1995 y 2005, a partir de la interpretación de ortofotos digitales y manejo de la información en un SIG. Los resultados muestran que el paisaje de la cuenca está dominado en 83.01% por la vegetación natural y tierras de cultivo. La dinámica de cambio está centrada en los tipos de cobertura “vegetación natural” y “construcciones”, la primera disminuye a una tasa de 41.67 ha/año, y la segunda, aumenta 74.86 ha/año. La tasa de deforestación de los bosques y selvas de la región fue de 0.1 y 0.36%, menor a las reportadas por diferentes autores a nivel nacional y estatal

Coexistence of jaguars (Panthera onca) and pumas (Puma concolor) in a tropical forest in south–eastern Mexico

The biological ranges of the jaguar (Panthera onca) and puma (Puma concolor) overlap in the Yucatan Peninsula, corresponding to the most important population of jaguars in Mexico. The goal of this study in the El Eden Ecological Reserve (EER) was to investigate the factors that permit these two predators to coexist in the dense vegetation of medium–stature tropical forest and secondary forest in the north–eastern Yucatan Peninsula. We assessed their spatial and temporal overlap using Pianka’s index, and evaluated their habitat use by applying occupancy models. A total sampling effort of 7,159 trap–nights over 4 years produced 142 independent photographic records of jaguars, and 134 of pumas. The felids showed high to very high overlap in their use of different vegetation (0.68–0.99) and trail types (0.63–0.97) and in their activity patterns (0.81–0.90). However, their peak activity patterns showed some temporal separation. Time of day, particularly for peak activity time, was the best predictor to explain the coexistence of the felids in this habitat. While occupancy models showed that the presence of potential prey species and vegetation type could predict the presence of felids in the study area. Natural disturbances during 2010 (hurricane) and 2011 (fire) drastically changed habitat use and activity patterns, resulting in pumas and jaguars adjusting their resource–use and activity pattern through a strategy of mutual evasion

El déficit de la línea legal en el PRT-ERP : Algunas tensiones para pensar las resoluciones frente al GAN y la apertura política

Este trabajo, presentado como un avance preliminar de investigación sobre un tema puntual, no tiene mayor pretensión que presentar algunas líneas analíticas sobre un desarrollo más amplio: las tensiones al interior del PRT-ERP en cuanto a sus formas de actuación y resolución de los interrogantes (aquí entendemos que los hay permanentemente) en el contexto que se abre desde el llamado al Gran Acuerdo Nacional (GAN) y las elecciones de 1973. Este avance, tiene por objeto poder pensar y empezar a configurar algunas futuras líneas de trabajo. Tomaremos algunos documentos de la organización que refieran a la coyuntura mencionada (Boletines Internos, reuniones de Comité Ejecutivo, revista El Combatiente, etc.) donde puedan apreciarse las tensiones entre las formas y las posibilidades de acción, así como también sobre las posteriores evaluaciones de las mismas, en el transcurso de esos años.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

A benchmark for orientation control of a multirotor in a three degrees-of-freedom rotation structure

[EN] A fully equipped quadrotor is attached to a structure that allows free rotation without translation. Additionally, a set of MATLAB-Simulink® tools execute the flight controller programming and manage the real-time transmission of commands and flight states for the remote pilot. For this test bench a simulator is offered. It faithfully reproduces the behaviour of the real system in order to propose a benchmark on Control Engineering. This aims to control the quadrotor orientation described using the Euler angles. Thus the three control actions that attack the propulsion system must be generated taking into account the rotation speeds and angles that are estimated by the navigation system and the angle set points. During the performance tests, a modifiable supply voltage replaces the battery charge level and a control action emulates the height control, resulting in dierent operating points of the system as in a real flight. The simulator allows free setup of closed and open loop experiments for model identification tasks or analysing the control performance for dierent inputs and operating points. The final objective is to incorporate a control law that improves the behaviour given as a reference for a certain experiment. After a simulation, an evaluation function quantifies the dierences in tracking error and control action between the current control and the reference control for each degree of freedom. The main challenge is a narrow control bandwidth to govern a complex three-variable system.[ES] Un cuatrirrotor con todo el equipamiento de vuelo se encuentra fijado a una estructura que permite la rotación en el espacio sin desplazamiento. Además, un conjunto de herramientas software desarrolladas con MATLAB-Simulink® ejecutan la programación de su controladora y gestionan la transmisión en tiempo real de consignas y estados del vuelo pilotado remotamente. Para este banco de pruebas se ofrece un simulador que reproduce fielmente el comportamiento del sistema real con el fin de plantear un benchmark de Ingeniería de Control. El problema propuesto es controlar la orientación del mutirrotor definida por los ángulos de Euler. Para ello, deben generarse las tres acciones de control que atacan al sistema de propulsión, considerando las velocidades y ángulos que estima el sistema de navegacion y las consignas angulares. Para lograr un mayor realismo, en las pruebas de comportamiento se pueden modificar la tensión de alimentación, que simula el nivel de carga de la batería, y una acción de control que emula el control de la altura, lo que da lugar a diferentes puntos de operación. El simulador permite configurar experimentos en lazo abierto o cerrado, para tareas de identificación o para analizar el comportamiento de los controladores en diferentes puntos de operación y ante diferentes entradas. El objetivo final es incorporar una ley de control que mejore el comportamiento dado como referencia para cierto experimento. Tras una simulación, una función de evaluación cuantifica las diferencias en el error de seguimiento y en la acción de control entre el control actual y el de referencia para cada grado de libertad. El principal desafío es optimizar el reducido ancho de banda disponible para controlar un sistema dinámico complejo.Los autores agradecen la ayuda prestada por el Gobierno de La Rioja a través del proyecto de I+D ADER 2017-I-IDD00035, y por la Universidad de La Rioja a través de la Ayuda para la realización de Proyectos de Innovación Docente 2020 PID Nº 36 y la Ayuda a Grupos de Investigación REGI2020 /23.Rico-Azagra, J.; Gil-Martínez, M.; Rico, R.; Nájera, S.; Elvira, C. (2021). Benchmark de control de la orientación de un multirrotor en una estructura de rotación con tres grados de libertad. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial. 18(3):265-276. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2021.14356OJS265276183Bejarano, G., Alfaya, J., Rodriguez, D., Ortega, M., Morilla, F., 2019. Control de un sistema de refrigeración. Visitado 27.03.2021. URL: http://www.dia.uned.es/∼fmorilla/CIC2019/Bigazzi, L., Gherardini, S., Innocenti, G., Basso, M., 2021. Development of non expensive technologies for precise maneuvering of completely autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles. Sensors (Switzerland) 21 (2), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21020391Blasco, X., García-Nieto, S., Reynoso-Meza, G., 2012. Control autónomo del seguimiento de trayectorias de un vehículo cuatrirrotor. Simulación y evaluación de propuestas. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática Industrial 9 (2), 194-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riai.2012.01.001Bo, G., Xin, L., Hui, Z., Ling, W., 2016. Quadrotor helicopter attitude control using cascade PID. 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Teaching tool for a control systems laboratory using a quadrotor as a plant in MATLAB. IEEE Transactions on Education 60 (4), 249-256. https://doi.org/10.1109/TE.2017.2653762Lim, H., Park, J., Lee, D., Kim, H., 2012. Build your own quadrotor: Opensource projects on unmanned aerial vehicles. IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine 19 (3), 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1109/MRA.2012.2205629Lotufo, M., Colangelo, L., Perez-Montenegro, C., Canuto, E., Novara, C., 2019. UAV quadrotor attitude control: An ADRC-EMC combined approach. Control Engineering Practice 84, 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2018.11.002Madridano, A., Campos, S., Al-Kaff, A., García, F., Martín, D., Escalera, A., 2020. Vehículo aéreo no tripulado para vigilancia y monitorización de incendios. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial 17 (3), 254-263. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2020.11806Mercader, P., Cánovas, C. D., Baños, A., 2019. Control PID multivariable de una caldera de vapor. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática Industrial 16 (1), 15-25. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2018.9034Morilla, F., Rodríguez, C., 2017. Control de una caldera de vapor. Visitado 27.03.2021. URL: http://www.dia.uned.es/∼fmorilla/CIC2017/Nájera, S., Rico-Azagra, J., Elvira, C., Gil-Martínez, M., 2019. Plataforma giroscópica realizada mediante impresión 3D para el control de actitud y orientación de UAVs multi-rotor. In: Actas de las XL Jornadas de Automática, Comité Español de Automática de la IFAC. pp. 317-323. https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497497169.317Nascimento, T. P., Saska, M., 2019. Position and attitude control of multi-rotor aerial vehicles: A survey. Annual Reviews in Control 48, 129-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2019.08.004Rico, R., Maisterra, P., Gil-Martínez, M., Rico-Azagra, J., S., N., 2015. Identificación experimental de los parámetros de un cuatrirrotor. In: Actas de las XXXVI Jornadas de Automática, Comité Español de Automática de la 'IFAC. pp. 973-982.Rico-Azagra, J., Gil-Martínez, M., Rico, R., Maisterra, P., 2016a. Plataforma didáctica de bajo coste para el control de actitud y orientación de UAVs multi-rotor. In: Actas de las XXXVII Jornadas de Automática, Comité Español de Automática de la IFAC. pp. 989-997.Rico-Azagra, J., Gil-Martínez, M., Rico-Azagra, R., Maisterra, P., 2016b. Low-cost attitude estimation for a ground vehicle. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 417, 121-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27146-0Rico-Azagra, J., Rico, R., Maisterra, P., Gil-Martínez, M., 2015. Comparación de algoritmos de estimación de actitud. In: Actas de las XXXVI Jornadas de Automática, Comité Español de Automática de la IFAC. pp. 911-920.Romero, J. A., Sanchis, R., 2011. Benchmark para la evaluación de algoritmos de auto-ajuste de controladores PID. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática Industrial 8 (1), 112-117. https://doi.org/10.4995/RIAI.2011.01.13Rubí, B., Perez, R., Morcego, B., 2020. A survey of path following control strategies for UAVs focused on quadrotors. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems: Theory and Applications 98 (2), 241-265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-019-01085-zShakhatreh, H., Sawalmeh, A. H., Al-Fuqaha, A., Dou, Z., Almaita, E., Khalil, I., Othman, N. S., Khreishah, A., Guizani, M., 2019. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): A survey on civil applications and key research challenges. IEEE Access 7, 48572-48634. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2909530Shraim, H., Awada, A., Youness, R., 2018. A survey on quadrotors: Configurations, modeling and identification, control, collision avoidance, fault diagnosis and tolerant control. IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 33 (7), 14-33. https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2018.160246Shuster, M. D., 1993. Survey of attitude representations. 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Revisiting the difference between instrumental and terminal values to predict (stimulating) prosocial behaviours: the transcendental‐change profile

Past research suggests that the connection between values and people's behaviour may not be as straightforward and robust as has been claimed. We propose that a more holistic and discriminative view that acknowledges the influence of a specific combination of values on specific kinds of behaviour is needed. In the current project, we test two hypotheses regarding the transcendental-change profile (TCP). First, that TCP is characterized by a combination of the readiness to engage in those challenges (instrumental) that can make the world a better place (terminal). Second, the centrality of the TCP facilitates performance of those prosocial actions that are perceived as stimulating and global. The results of five studies support the reliability and validity of this conceptualization of TCP (Studies 1 and 2), and show that when the prosocial initiative is perceived as either global (Study 3) or stimulating (Studies 4 and 5), the TCP is the strongest predictor of the willingness and commitment to engage in such prosocial action.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Impact of Community-Based Larviciding on the Prevalence of Malaria Infection in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

The use of larval source management is not prioritized by contemporary malaria control programs in sub-Saharan Africa despite historical success. Larviciding, in particular, could be effective in urban areas where transmission is focal and accessibility to Anopheles breeding habitats is generally easier than in rural settings. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a community-based microbial larviciding intervention to reduce the prevalence of malaria infection in Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania. Larviciding was implemented in 3 out of 15 targeted wards of Dar es Salaam in 2006 after two years of baseline data collection. This intervention was subsequently scaled up to 9 wards a year later, and to all 15 targeted wards in 2008. Continuous randomized cluster sampling of malaria prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics was carried out during 6 survey rounds (2004-2008), which included both cross-sectional and longitudinal data (N = 64,537). Bayesian random effects logistic regression models were used to quantify the effect of the intervention on malaria prevalence at the individual level. Effect size estimates suggest a significant protective effect of the larviciding intervention. After adjustment for confounders, the odds of individuals living in areas treated with larviciding being infected with malaria were 21% lower (Odds Ratio = 0.79; 95% Credible Intervals: 0.66-0.93) than those who lived in areas not treated. The larviciding intervention was most effective during dry seasons and had synergistic effects with other protective measures such as use of insecticide-treated bed nets and house proofing (i.e., complete ceiling or window screens). A large-scale community-based larviciding intervention significantly reduced the prevalence of malaria infection in urban Dar es Salaam

Identification of tomato accessions as source of new genes for improving heat tolerance: from controlled experiments to field

Background: Due to global warming, the search for new sources for heat tolerance and the identification of genes involved in this process has become an important challenge as of today. The main objective of the current research was to verify whether the heat tolerance determined in controlled greenhouse experiments could be a good predictor of the agronomic performance in field cultivation under climatic high temperature stress. Results: Tomato accessions were grown in greenhouse under three temperature regimes: control (T1), moderate (T2) and extreme heat stress (T3). Reproductive traits (flower and fruit number and fruit set) were used to define heat tolerance. In a first screening, heat tolerance was evaluated in 219 tomato accessions. A total of 51 accessions were identified as being potentially heat tolerant. Among those, 28 accessions, together with 10 accessions from Italy (7) and Bulgaria (3), selected for their heat tolerance in the field in parallel experiments, were re-evaluated at three temperature treatments. Sixteen tomato accessions showed a significant heat tolerance at T3, including five wild species, two traditional cultivars and four commercial varieties, one accession from Bulgaria and four from Italy. The 15 most promising accessions for heat tolerance were assayed in field trials in Italy and Bulgaria, confirming the good performance of most of them at high temperatures. Finally, a differential gene expression analysis in pre-anthesis (ovary) and post-anthesis (developing fruit) under heat stress among pairs of contrasting genotypes (tolerant and sensitive from traditional and modern groups) showed that the major differential responses were produced in post-anthesis fruit. The response of the sensitive genotypes included the induction of HSP genes, whereas the tolerant genotype response included the induction of genes involved in the regulation of hormones or enzymes such as abscisic acid and transferases. Conclusions: The high temperature tolerance of fifteen tomato accessions observed in controlled greenhouse experiments were confirmed in agronomic field experiments providing new sources of heat tolerance that could be incorporated into breeding programs. A DEG analysis showed the complex response of tomato to heat and deciphered the different mechanisms activated in sensitive and tolerant tomato accessions under heat stress

A detailed clinical and molecular survey of subjects with nonsyndromic USH2A retinopathy reveals an allelic hierarchy of disease-causing variants.

Defects in USH2A cause both isolated retinal disease and Usher syndrome (ie, retinal disease and deafness). To gain insights into isolated/nonsyndromic USH2A retinopathy, we screened USH2A in 186 probands with recessive retinal disease and no hearing complaint in childhood (discovery cohort) and in 84 probands with recessive retinal disease (replication cohort). Detailed phenotyping, including retinal imaging and audiological assessment, was performed in individuals with two likely disease-causing USH2A variants. Further genetic testing, including screening for a deep-intronic disease-causing variant and large deletions/duplications, was performed in those with one likely disease-causing change. Overall, 23 of 186 probands (discovery cohort) were found to harbour two likely disease-causing variants in USH2A. Some of these variants were predominantly associated with nonsyndromic retinal degeneration ('retinal disease-specific'); these included the common c.2276 G>T, p.(Cys759Phe) mutation and five additional variants: c.2802 T>G, p.(Cys934Trp); c.10073 G>A, p.(Cys3358Tyr); c.11156 G>A, p.(Arg3719His); c.12295-3 T>A; and c.12575 G>A, p.(Arg4192His). An allelic hierarchy was observed in the discovery cohort and confirmed in the replication cohort. In nonsyndromic USH2A disease, retinopathy was consistent with retinitis pigmentosa and the audiological phenotype was variable. USH2A retinopathy is a common cause of nonsyndromic recessive retinal degeneration and has a different mutational spectrum to that observed in Usher syndrome. The following model is proposed: the presence of at least one 'retinal disease-specific' USH2A allele in a patient with USH2A-related disease results in the preservation of normal hearing. Careful genotype-phenotype studies such as this will become increasingly important, especially now that high-throughput sequencing is widely used in the clinical setting.European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication, 4 February 2015; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2014.283

Meaning-making from wordless (or nearly wordless) picturebooks: what educational research expects and what readers have to say

Wordless (or nearly wordless) picturebooks are intriguing in terms of how readers make meaning from them. This article offers a conceptualization of existing studies in the field of education that use wordless picturebooks with young readers. While some of these studies contribute to understanding meaning-making, the pragmatic use of wordless picturebooks often does not take account of their particular nature and of the heightened role of the reader, leading to a mismatch between what the picturebook expects from the implied reader and the researchers’ expectations of what ‘real’ readers must do with these books. By highlighting observations from children’s literature scholarship and reader-response studies, this article aims to encourage a more interdisciplinary understanding of meaning-making. It also seeks to persuade educational researchers and mediators to consider investigative approaches that are not based on verbalization but are more in tune with the invitations that wordless picturebooks extend to young readers