Limites objetivos da coisa julgada : segurança jurídica pela decisão de questões prejudiciais

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Sérgio Cruz ArenhartDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito. Defesa : Curitiba, 30/03/2022Inclui referênciasResumo: O presente trabalho visa estudar os limites objetivos da coisa julgada à luz da redação do art. 503, §§ 1º e 2º do Código de Processo Civil. Busca-se delinear os contornos da decisão sobre questões prejudiciais e, ao mesmo tempo, tem-se uma preocupação com a densificação de seus pressupostos. Nessa trajetória, a coisa julgada é analisada enquanto instituto que se conecta com a segurança jurídica e com a própria construção de uma sociedade democrática. Seus propósitos estão relacionados com a edificação de um arquétipo estabilizador seguro, objetivo, voltado para impedir a rediscussão de matérias já decididas e, com isso, conferir previsibilidade à sociedade. Não só isso: a coerência do Direito, a harmonia entre as decisões judiciais e a redução da litigiosidade são, também, vetores que orientam / justificam a coisa julgada sobre a decisão de questões prejudiciais. Mesmo que o evolver social e a evolução do próprio Direito tenham feito emergir novos modelos estabilizadores, a coisa julgada ainda mantém sua relevância. Tanto é assim que o próprio Legislador, ao invés de restringir sua incidência, ampliou sua ocorrência para a decisão de questões prejudiciais. A prejudicialidade, pois, conjugada com o contraditório, a competência, a cognição e a atividade probatória, ocupam papel central nessa conjuntura e impõem um olhar meticuloso. Ao fim desse estudo, o que se observa é que a coisa julgada sobre questões prejudiciais, quando presentes os seus pressupostos, mostra-se uma ferramenta importante para a consolidação de uma sociedade mais segura e com decisões mais previsíveis.Abstract: The present study aims to study the objective limits of res judicata in the light of the wording of art. 503, §§ 1 and 2 of the Civil Procedure Code. It seeks to outline the contours of the decision on issues preclusion and, at the same time, there is a concern with the densification of its standards. In this trajectory, res judicata is analized as an institute that connects with judicial security and with the very construction of a democratic society. Its purposes are related with the construction of a safe and objective stabilizer archetype, meant to prevent a re-discussion of already decided matters and, with that, give previsibility to society. Not only that: the coherence of Law, the harmony between judicial rulings and the reduction of litigation are, also, vectors that orient/justify res judicata about rulings of prejudicial questions. Even if the social evolve and the evolution of Law itself gave cause to new stabilizer models, res judicata still maintains its relevance. So much so that the Lawmaker himself, instead of restricting its incidence, has widened its ocurrence to rulings of issue preclusion. Prejudiciality, combined with contradictory, competence, cognition and evidentiary activity, occupy a central role in this conjuncture and exercise a meticulous look. At the end of this study, what is observed is that res judicata over issue preclusion, when present its requisites, proves to be an important tool for the realization of a safer society and more predictable rulings

ENTREPRENEURIAL AND COORDINATION CAPACITIES OF INCUBATED COMPANIES: A STUDY AT A TECHNOLOGY ENTERPRISE CENTER

ABSTRACTThis article aims to identify the entrepreneurial and coordinative capacities, the innovative potentialities of technology bases companies incubated at a Technology Enterprise Center from a Brazilian public University. We’ve interviewed the incubator’s manager as well as the managers of the companies in search of evidence that demonstrated the processes of internalization and externalization of its capacities. The results show that most companies internalize the coordinative aspects through the hiring of managers leaving to the incubator the essential part of allowing the proximity to research centers and the link with the university, to which we refer to as the University factor.Keywords: Incubators. Incubated Companies. Entrepreneurial Characteristics. Coordinative Characteristics. RESUMOEste artigo visa identificar as características coordenadoras, empreendedoras e as potencialidades inovadoras das empresas incubadas de base tecnológica na incubadora do Centro de Empreendimentos de Informática da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram entrevistados a gestora da incubadora bem como os gestores das empresas incubadas à procura de evidências que demonstrem processos de internalização e externalização de suas capacidades. O resultado mostrou que a maioria das empresas internaliza os aspectos de coordenação através da contratação de gestores sendo a incubadora essencial por possibilitar a proximidade com os centros de pesquisas e o vínculo com a universidade, o que se denominou de fator Universidade.Palavras-chave: Incubadora. Empresas Incubadas. Características Empreendedoras. Características Coordenadoras

Lamivudine and zidovudine-loaded nanostructures : green chemistry preparation for pediatric oral administration

Here, we report on the development of lipid-based nanostructures containing zidovudine (1 mg/mL) and lamivudine (0.5 mg/mL) for oral administration in the pediatric population, eliminating the use of organic solvents, which is in accordance with green chemistry principles. The formulations were obtained by ultrasonication using monoolein (MN) or phytantriol (PN), which presented narrow size distributions with similar mean particle sizes (~150 nm) determined by laser diffraction. The zeta potential and the pH values of the formulations were around 4.0 mV and 6.0, respectively. MN presented a slightly higher incorporation rate compared to PN. Nanoemulsions were obtained when using monoolein, while cubosomes were obtained when using phytantriol, as confirmed by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. The formulations enabled drug release control and protection against acid degradation. The drug incorporation was effective and the analyses using an electronic tongue indicated a difference in palatability between the nanotechnological samples in comparison with the drug solutions. In conclusion, PN was considered to have the strongest potential as a novel oral formulation for pediatric HIV treatment

The global impact of the Coronavirus 2019 pandemic on in-centre haemodialysis services: an International Society of Nephrology -Dialysis Outcomes Practice Patterns Study survey

Introduction To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic impact on haemodialysis centres, The Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study and International Society of Nephrology (ISN) collaborated on a web-survey of centres. Methods A combined approach of random sampling and open invitation was used between March 2020 and March 2021. Responses were obtained from 412 centres in 78 countries and all 10 ISN regions. Results In 8 regions, rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection were <20% in most centres, but in North East Asia and Newly Independent States and Russia rates were ≥20% and ≥30%, respectively. Mortality was ≥10% in most centres in 8 regions, though lower in North America and Caribbean and North East Asia. Diagnostic testing was not available in 33%, 37%, and 61% of centres in Latin America, Africa, and East and Central Europe, respectively. Surgical masks were widely available, but severe shortages of particulate-air filter masks were reported in Latin America (18%) and Africa (30%). Rates of infection in staff ranged from 0% in 90% of centres in North East Asia to ≥50% in 63% of centres in the Middle East and 68% of centres in Newly Independent States and Russia. In most centres <10% of staff died, but in Africa and South Asia 2% and 6% of centres reported ≥50% mortality, respectively. Conclusion There has been wide global variation in SARS-CoV-2 infection rates amongst haemodialysis patients and staff, PPE availability, and testing, and the ways in which services have been redesigned in response to the pandemic

An ISN-DOPPS Survey of the Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Peritoneal Dialysis Services

INTRODUCTION Home dialysis may minimize SARS-CoV2 exposure risks compared to center-based dialysis. We explored how the pandemic may have introduced challenges related to peritoneal dialysis (PD) supply availability, routine patient care, and how facility practices changed during this time. METHODS The PD/Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS/DOPPS) and International Society of Nephrology (ISN) administered a web-based survey from November 2020 to March 2021. Medical director responses were compared across 10 ISN regions. RESULTS One hundered sixy-five PD facilities in 51 countries returned surveys. During the initial COVID-19 wave, the reported frequency of in-person patient visits decreased in 9 of 10 ISN regions. Before the pandemic, most facilities required a mask during PD exchanges which continued over the course of the pandemic. Although most facilities in different regions did not report PD supply disruptions, sites in Africa and South Asia reported major disruptions. Reductions in laparoscopic surgical procedures for PD catheters were reported by facilities in 9 of 10 regions whereas nonsurgical percutaneous procedures increased in facilities in 6 regions. Training of new PD patients declined in facilities in each region. Increased use of remote technology by patients to communicate with clinics was observed in all regions compared to prepandemic levels. CONCLUSION Marked within-region and across-region variability was noted in PD facility burden, clinical practice, and adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study highlights opportunities to improve routine PD care, adapt to the ongoing pandemic, and increase preparedness for potential future interruptions in PD care