STATE GENERAL REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES IN FLORIDA

Public Economics,

Comparative effects of auxin and abscisic acid on growth, hydrogen ion efflux and gravitropism in primary roots of maize

In order to test the idea that auxin action on root growth may be mediated by H(+) movement, the correlation of auxin action on growth and H(+) movement in roots was examined along with changes in H(+) efflux patterns associated with the asymmetric growth which occurs during gravitropism. The effects of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (AbA) on growth, H(+) secretion, and gravitropism in roots were compared. Results show a close correlation existent between H(+) efflux and growth in maize roots. In intact roots there is strong H(+) efflux from the elongation zone. Growth-promoting concentrations of IAA stimulate H(+) efflux. During gravitropism the H(+) efflux from the elongation zone becomes asymmetric; the evidence indicates that auxin redistribution contributes to the development of acid efflux asymmetry. That AbA stimulates root growth is reflected in its ability to stimulate H(+) efflux from apical root segments

Regional Economic Impacts of Florida's Agricultural and Natural Resource Industries

The state of Florida has large industries producing fruits and vegetables, sugar, livestock, dairy and meat products, seafood, ornamental plants, forest products, phosphate rock, and an array of associated industries that provide supporting inputs and services, and conduct processing and manufacturing. There are distinct differences in the regional distribution of Florida's agricultural and natural resource industries. Economic characteristics and impacts were evaluated for the state of Florida and for eight separate regions of Florida. Each region is comprised of a core metropolitan area and a number of surrounding counties, as defined by the US Commerce Department, Bureau of Economic Analysis, based on employee commuting patterns and other factors. The Implan input-output analysis and social accounting software and associated databases for Florida counties were used to create economic models for each region and to estimate the total economic impacts of over 100 industry sectors in agriculture, natural resource and associated value-added manufacturing. Statewide economic impacts in the year 2000, expressed in year 2002 dollars, included industry output (sales) of $35.2 billion (Bn), with sales to markets outside the state (export shipments) of$19.4Bn, personal and business net income (value added) of $14.8Bn, and employment of 338,253 persons. The value added represented 3.1 percent of Florida's gross regional product. When the multiplier effects of export final demand on interindustry purchases and employee household spending are considered, the total economic impacts were estimated at$62.0Bn in output, $31.0Bn in value added, and 648,550 jobs. Regionally, total value added impacts of the agriculture and natural resource industries were greatest in the Orlando area ($4.31Bn), followed by Miami-Ft. Lauderdale ($3.61Bn), Tampa-St. Petersburg- Clearwater ($2.20Bn), Jacksonville ($1.47Bn), Sarasota-Bradenton ($1.10Bn), Tallahassee ($782 million), Ft. Myers-Cape Coral ($701 million), and Pensacola ($597 million). The largest industry groups in terms of total value added impacts were fruits and vegetables ($2.9Bn), environmental horticulture ($2.8Bn), forest products ($2.0Bn), agricultural inputs and services ($1.4Bn), and other food and fiber manufacturing ($1.7Bn), with lesser impacts for dairy products, field crops, livestock and meat products, mining, seafood products, sugar and confectionary products, and tobacco products. The total value added impact was $1,929 per capita, and the total employment impact was 40 jobs per 1000 residents. Economic impacts per capita and share of gross regional product indicated that the agriculture and natural resource industries were relatively more important in the Sarasota-Bradenton, Orlando, Jacksonville, and Tallahassee regions than for the state as a whole.Florida, agriculture and natural resource industries, economic impact, functional economic region, output, value added, employment, input-output models, multiplier, Implan, Agribusiness, Public Economics, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Suppression of asymmetric acid efflux and gravitropism in maize roots treated with auxin transport inhibitors of sodium orthovanadate

In gravitropically stimulated roots of maize (Zea mays L., hybrid WF9 x 38MS), there is more acid efflux on the rapidly growing upper side than on the slowly growing lower side. In light of the Cholodny/Went hypothesis of gravitropism which states that gravitropic curvature results from lateral redistribution of auxin, the effects of auxin transport inhibitors on the development of acid efflux asymmetry and curvature in gravistimulated roots were examined. All the transport inhibitors tested prevented both gravitropism and the development of asymmetric acid efflux in gravistimulated roots. The results indicate that auxin redistribution may cause the asymmetry of acid efflux, a finding consistent with the Cholodny/Went hypothesis of gravitropism. As further evidence that auxin-induced acid efflux asymmetry may mediate gravitropic curvature, sodium orthovanadate, an inhibitor of auxin-induced H+ efflux was found to prevent both gravitropism and the development of asymmetric acid efflux in gravistimulated roots

Quartic Metamaterials: The Inverse Method, Perturbations, and Bulk Optical Neutrality

A primary goal of photonics is designing material structures that support predetermined electromagnetic field distributions. We have developed an inverse method to determine material parameters for a quartic metamaterial from six desired plane waves. This work inspired us to study how perturbations to the parameters can result in optical neutrality

Humanizing Sociological Thought and Practice

This paper introduces a practical application of sociology. It attempts to do so as a modest effort in perceiving varied images of the human and of society. It makes available, as interventions for the treatment of individual crises and for empirical verification, a set of presuppositions about the features and consequences of human social nature. The preponderance of social scientific theories and practices found in the literature have a commonality germane to the definition and resolution of social problems - horizontal change. An optional theory and corresponding set of practices espousing vertical change focus less on the maintenance and content of the social self or ego, and more on the process and outcomes of identification with it The latter emphasis is a version of clinical humanism not found in the rhetoric constituting sociological practice

Results of a 0.03- scale aerodynamic characteristics investigation of Boeing 747 carrier (model no. AX 1319 I-1) mated with a space shuttle orbiter (model 45-0) conducted in the Boeing transonic wind tunnel (CA5), volume 1

The performance, stability, and control characteristics of various carrier aircraft configurations are presented. Aerodynamic characteristics of the carrier mated with the Orbiter, carrier alone, and Orbiter alone were investigated. Carrier support system tare and interference effects were determined. Six-component force and moment data were recorded for the carrier and Orbiter. Buffet onset characteristics of the carrier vertical tail and horizontal tail were recorded. Angles of attack from -3 deg through 26 deg and angles of slideslip between +12 deg and -12 deg were investigated at Mach numbers from 0.15 through 0.70. Photographs are included

The Perceived Benefits of Airbag Systems in General Aviation Aircraft

Airbags have been used in cars for years and are just starting to be developed for used in General Aviation (GA) aircraft but there exists a perception that aircraft airbag systems may be more harmful than beneficial. Many GA accidents involve high gravitational impacts taking place during the taxi, takeoff and landing phases of flight. This study will use descriptive methodology to survey members of three local flying clubs to obtain their perception regarding airbags in general aviation aircraft. It was hypothesized that majority of the survey respondents would support the use of airbags in general aviation aircraft. The results indicated that generally pilots supported the use of airbag systems in general aviation aircraft

A mixed methods study of the implications of academic change related managerial decisions on university faculty teaching effectiveness and student success

Determining why and what motivates students to succeed is a prominent question in today’s educational arena. Often accountability measures cycle around the classroom teacher, their preparation, and perceived effectiveness. To assure that teachers have adequate knowledge, minimum grade point averages are required from accredited institutions. Teacher preparation is carefully monitored by NCATE (National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education). Each state uses a similar process for awarding initial teaching certificates. Teaching certificates are issued after candidates have completed a rigorous curriculum and proven that they possess the qualities and dispositions of effective teaching. Unfortunately, very few assessments exist to measure teacher effectiveness among tenured faculty. The primary measure used to evaluate teacher performance after initial certification is quantitative data from standardized testing of students. Similarly, the promotion and tenure process dictates the criteria for evaluating teaching and scholarly productivity at the college level. Attributes of scholarly productivity are directly related to the new professor; however, student outcomes and evaluations play a key role in the overall perceived effectiveness of the teacher (instructor), untenured assistant professor. The purpose of this study is to determine how administrative decisions impact student outcomes and teacher effectiveness. Throughout each step in the methodology, continual synthesis was utilized to determine the connection between, extant data sets such as grade distribution and student progress, and instructor/professor perceptions about the effects of managerialism. Through this process patterns of decision making can be identified and linked to emerging themes and connections. The study yielded results to support the theory that administrators and managers in academic settings do impact teaching effectiveness and student outcomes. Due to the fact that administrators rarely have direct instructional contact with students whom they are not the instructor of record, the connection to student outcomes is a direct result of the perception of managerialism. University faculty members who perceived that their input was valued during change were receptive to the changes that occurred. This study could be replicated across any university campus and is not limited to a college of education

A Museum in Possession of a Nazi-Looted Painting: A Case Study

This paper was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Museum Studies.Since the end of World War II, Holocaust survivors and the families of Holocaust victims have searched for, identified, and sought the return of artworks stolen from their collections by the Nazis. For as long as these families have sought the repatriation of these artworks, however, museums and individuals who have found themselves in possession of such artworks after their theft have expended every legal argument and loophole available in order to retain possession of the works. This case study examines the history of a single painting, Camille Pissarro’s La bergère rentrant des moutons (Shepherdess Bringing in Sheep): its theft during the Nazi occupation of France in 1941, the strange journey it took before being donated to the University of Oklahoma in 2000, and the controversy that was sparked when the daughter of the original owners (Léone Meyer) sued for its return. By focusing on one specific case, this text is intended to illustrate the widespread problems related to provenance of European artworks, as well as the deficiencies in our legal system that prevent Jewish families from regaining possession of artworks looted under the Nazi regime