Bienestar y psicología de la salud: singularidades en la medición la Calidad de vida

[ES] Se presenta una revisión conceptual del concepto de Bienestar haciendo énfasis en la necesidad y complejidad de medirse. Tras analizar el concepto desde distintos ejes, componentes y dimensiones que forman parte del mismo. También se incluyen las diferentes teorías y concepciones relacionadas con el Bienestar, desde el Hedonismo y Eudaimonico hasta las teorías más modernas de Bienestar Psicológico, teoría de la Auto-Determinación, Lista Objetiva, de Deseos, hasta la Auténtica Felicidad, que han estado evolucionando a lo largo del tiempo. En base a esta revisión del Bienestar, se analizan algunos de los más recientes indicadores que lo monitorizan, reseñando que: se carece de indicadores capaces de integrar las múltiples dimensiones del concepto así como la ausencia de rigurosidad por cuanto a su multidisciplinariedad se refiere; y que se necesita una definición rigurosa e integrativa para facilitar su medida, entendida como elemento esencial para garantizar la efectividad en las políticas públicas.[EN] We present a conceptual overview around Wellbeing (WB) and some reflections about the necessity and difficulty of measure it. We start by analyzing the WB concept from the different axis, components, and dimensions (that form part of it. Also, we include and present different theories and conceptions that have been evolving through history, from Hedonism and Eudaimonic to modern psychological WB, Self-Determination Theory, Objective list, or Desires Theories to Authentic Happiness. Based on this revision, we are going to analyzing critically some of the most influential measure indicators of WB proposed during last two decades. Two are the main conclusions of our work: one is that indicators proposed lacks of integration of multiple WB dimensions that can offer a precise idea of the multidimensionality of the concept; second, an accurate, integrate and rigorous WB concept and measurement is an essential condition for effective and fair public policy.Femenía Mulet, S.; Lozano, JF. (2019). Wellbeing and health psychology: the difficulty to measure quality of life. Quaderns de Psicología (Online). 21(3):1-17. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/qpsicologia.1585S11721

La cova des Pas de Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca). La cavitat de major desenvolupament de les illes Balears

Cova des Pas de Vallgornera is located in the Llucmajor municipality, Mallorca island, being the longest cave in the Balearic archipelago: currently its surveyed length is over 65.000 metres. It is a really unique cave within the endokarst of the Migjorn region of the island, not only because its development but also for the great deal of uncommon speleothems and solution morphologies. Regarding geological and geomorphologic aspects, this exceptional site clearly shows a very strong control imposed by the lithologic factors –the architecture of the Upper Miocene reef– on the pattern and the morphological features of the system. Furthermore, the cave supplies evidences of a multi-folded speleogenesis that includes besides the coastal mixing zone dissolution, a noticeable epigenic recharge as well as a possible basal recharge of hypogenic origin. All this together, makes the cave certainly outstanding even at an international level. The cave is under the protection of Conselleria de Medi Ambient, Govern de les Illes Balears (the Regional Environmental Authority) and was declared Site of Community Importance, within the Natura 2000 Network (European Council Directive 92/43/EEC). Access to the cave is highly restricted and only surveying and investigation tasks are authorized by the Regional Authority.La Cova des Pas de Vallgornera està situada al municipi de Llucmajor, a l’illa de Mallorca, essent la cavitat de major desenvolupament de l’arxipèlag amb un recorregut actualment topografiat de més de 65.000 m. És una cavitat única dins de l’endocarst de la zona del Migjorn de l’illa, no tan sols per les seves dimensions sinó també per l’abundància d’espeleotemes poc freqüents i de morfologies de dissolució. Pel que fa als aspectes geològics i geomorfològics, aquesta cova excepcional mostra un fort control imposat pels factors litològics –l’arquitectura de l’escull del Miocè superior– sobre les característiques morfològiques del sistema espeleològic. A més a més, la cova aporta evidències d’una espeleogènesi complexa que inclouria, a part de la dissolució produïda en la zona de mescla costanera, una notable recàrrega meteòrica superficial així com una possible recàrrega basal d’origen hipogènic. Totes aquestes peculiaritats fan que la cavitat sigui certament remarcable fins i tot a nivell internacional. La cova està protegida per la Conselleria de Medi Ambient, del Govern de les Illes Balears, i està declarada Lloc d’Interès Comunitari, dins de la xarxa Natura 2000 (Directiva del Consell Europeu 92/43/CEE). L’accés a la cavitat es troba restringit i es limita als treballs de topografia i estudis de diversos tipus que han de ser autoritzats per la Conselleria.La Cova des Pas de Vallgornera se encuentra situada en el municipio de Llucmajor, en la isla de Mallorca, siendo la cavidad de mayor recorrido del archipiélago con un desarrollo topografiado en la actualidad de más de 65.000 m. Es una cavidad única dentro del endokarst de la zona de Migjorn de la isla, no solo por sus dimensiones sino también por la abundancia de espeleotemas poco frecuentes y morfologías de disolución. En relación con los aspectos geológicos y geomorfológicos, esta cueva excepcional presenta un claro control impuesto por factores litológicos –la arquitectura del arrecife del Mioceno superior– sobre las características morfológicas del sistema espeleológico. Además, la cueva aporta evidencias de una compleja espeleogénesis que incluiría, aparte de la disolución producida en la zona de mezcla costera, una notable recarga meteórica superficial así como una posible recarga basal de origen hipogénico. Todas estas peculiaridades hacen que la cavidad sea ciertamente destacable incluso a nivel internacional. La cueva está protegida por la Conselleria de Medi Ambient, del Govern de les Illes Balears, y está declarada Lugar de Interés Comunitario, dentro de la red Natura 2000 (Directiva del Consejo Europeo 92/43/CEE). El acceso a la cavidad está restringido y se limita a trabajos de topografía y estudios de diversos tipos que han de ser autorizados por la Conselleria

A very fast inference algorithm for finite-dimensional spin glasses: Belief Propagation on the dual lattice

Starting from a Cluster Variational Method, and inspired by the correctness of the paramagnetic Ansatz (at high temperatures in general, and at any temperature in the 2D Edwards-Anderson model) we propose a novel message passing algorithm --- the Dual algorithm --- to estimate the marginal probabilities of spin glasses on finite dimensional lattices. We show that in a wide range of temperatures our algorithm compares very well with Monte Carlo simulations, with the Double Loop algorithm and with exact calculation of the ground state of 2D systems with bimodal and Gaussian interactions. Moreover it is usually 100 times faster than other provably convergent methods, as the Double Loop algorithm.Comment: 23 pages, 12 figures. v2: improved introductio

Mutual optical injection in coupled DBR laser pairs

We report an experimental study of nonlinear effects, characteristic of mutual optical coupling, in an ultra-short coupling regime observed in a distributed Bragg reflector laser pair fabricated on the same chip. Optical feedback is amplified via a double pass through a common onchip optical amplifier, which introduces further nonlinear phenomena. Optical coupling has been introduced via back reflection from a cleaveended fibre. The coupling may be varied in strength by varying the distance of the fibre from the output of the chip, without significantly affecting the coupling time. © 2008 Optical. Society of America

Adaptive drivers in a model of urban traffic

We introduce a simple lattice model of traffic flow in a city where drivers optimize their route-selection in time in order to avoid traffic jams, and study its phase structure as a function of the density of vehicles and of the drivers' behavioral parameters via numerical simulations and mean-field analytical arguments. We identify a phase transition between a low- and a high-density regime. In the latter, inductive drivers may surprisingly behave worse than randomly selecting drivers.Comment: 7 pages, final versio

Microenvironmental cooperation promotes early spread and bistability of a Warburg-like phenotype

We introduce an in silico model for the initial spread of an aberrant phenotype with Warburg-like overflow metabolism within a healthy homeostatic tissue in contact with a nutrient reservoir (the blood), aimed at characterizing the role of the microenvironment for aberrant growth. Accounting for cellular metabolic activity, competition for nutrients, spatial diffusion and their feedbacks on aberrant replication and death rates, we obtain a phase portrait where distinct asymptotic whole-tissue states are found upon varying the tissue-blood turnover rate and the level of blood-borne primary nutrient. Over a broad range of parameters, the spreading dynamics is bistable as random fluctuations can impact the final state of the tissue. Such a behaviour turns out to be linked to the re-cycling of overflow products by non-aberrant cells. Quantitative insight on the overall emerging picture is provided by a spatially homogeneous version of the model

Mutual antagonism of target of rapamycin and calcineurin signaling

Growth and stress are generally incompatible states. Stressed cells adapt to an insult by restraining growth, and conversely, growing cells keep stress responses at bay. This is evident in many physiological settings, including for example, the effect of stress on the immune or nervous system, but the underlying signaling mechanisms mediating such mutual antagonism are poorly understood. In eukaryotes, a central activator of cell growth is the protein kinase target of rapamycin (TOR) and its namesake signaling network. Calcineurin is a conserved, Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase and target of the immunosuppressant FK506 (tacrolimus) that is activated in yeast during stress to promote cell survival. Here we show yeast mutants defective for TOR complex 2 (TORC2) or the essential homologous TORC2 effectors, SLM1 and SLM2, exhibited constitutive activation of calcineurin-dependent transcription and actin depolarization. Conversely, cells defective in calcineurin exhibited SLM1 hyperphosphorylation and enhanced interaction between TORC2 and SLM1. Furthermore, a mutant SLM1 protein (SLM1(DeltaC14)) lacking a sequence related to the consensus calcineurin docking site (PxIxIT) was insensitive to calcineurin, and SLM1(Delta)(C14) slm2 mutant cells were hypersensitive to oxidative stress. Thus, TORC2-SLM signaling negatively regulates calcineurin, and calcineurin negatively regulates TORC2-SLM. These findings provide a molecular basis for the mutual antagonism of growth and stress

Un nuevo anticuerpo monoclonal

Inclou referències bibliogràfique

A New Simulated Annealing Algorithm for the Multiple Sequence Alignment Problem: The approach of Polymers in a Random Media

We proposed a probabilistic algorithm to solve the Multiple Sequence Alignment problem. The algorithm is a Simulated Annealing (SA) that exploits the representation of the Multiple Alignment between $D$ sequences as a directed polymer in $D$ dimensions. Within this representation we can easily track the evolution in the configuration space of the alignment through local moves of low computational cost. At variance with other probabilistic algorithms proposed to solve this problem, our approach allows for the creation and deletion of gaps without extra computational cost. The algorithm was tested aligning proteins from the kinases family. When D=3 the results are consistent with those obtained using a complete algorithm. For $D>3$ where the complete algorithm fails, we show that our algorithm still converges to reasonable alignments. Moreover, we study the space of solutions obtained and show that depending on the number of sequences aligned the solutions are organized in different ways, suggesting a possible source of errors for progressive algorithms.Comment: 7 pages and 11 figure