Penerapan Pendekatan Contextual Teaching and Learning Dengan Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Fisika Siswa

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa dengan penerapan pendekatan CTL melalui model inkuiri terbimbing di kelas XI IPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana pada konsep keseimbangan benda tegar; (2) Meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan penerapan pendekatan CTL melalui model inkuiri terbimbing di kelas XI IPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana pada konsep keseimbangan benda tegar. Penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research) ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana sebanyak 34 orang siswa. Hasil penelitian diperoleh dari analisis secara deskriptif dan mengacu pada keaktifan siswa dan ketuntasan belajar siswa. Skor rata-rata aktivitas siswa pada siklus I adalah 36, meningkat untuk siklus II yaitu 36,5 yang termasuk dalam kriteria baik. Hasil belajar pada aspek kognitif untuk siklus I diperoleh rata-rata 77,56 meningkat untuk siklus II menjadi 86,54. Hasil belajar pada aspek afektif untuk siklus I diperoleh rata-rata 77,45 meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 85,29. Hasil belajar pada aspek psikomotor untuk siklus I diperoleh rata-rata 77,84 meningkat untuk siklus II menjadi 85,49. Ketuntasan belajar siklus I 82,35% meningkat untuk siklus II menjadi 100%. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pendekatan CTL dengan model inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar fisika

The relationship between service and product quality, and SME success in South Africa

Thesis (M.M. (Entrepreneurship and New Venture Creation))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, Graduate School of Business Administration, 2015.Small, micro and medium enterprises (SMEs) are perceived to be the solution for economic growth and unemployment in South Africa. However, the failure rate of SMEs within the first three years is between 70 and 80 percent, which in most cases is attributed to lack of support from government, financial institutions and multi-national enterprises. This failure is usually assessed from the SMEs perspective, where SMEs are seen to be receiving assistance or favours. The study aimed to investigate the contribution the SMEs make towards their own failure and how they view themselves. SMEs believed that they are properly equipped to provide services to the mining industry, whereas mining companies have the opposite opinion. This was done by conducting a survey and reviewing existing literature on the challenges faced by SMEs in the current economy. A factor analysis was used to determine important factors regarding the prosperity of the SMEs. This was a cross-sectional study and depended on a completed survey and questionnaire collected from the SMEs. The focus of the study was SMEs within the mining industry, which is a major player in the South African economy, thus measuring the effectiveness of the SMEs survival within this context is beneficial. The results of the study indicated that resources, service and product quality, and the environment of the SME played a major role in the success of the SMEs. Respondents to the survey were neutral about the resources they have in their companies, however they strongly believed that they provided quality service and products. Their location had an impact on their business success. The results also highlighted that there may be racial bias in the mines when dealing with SMEs, although this had no impact on their prosperity

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI KESEHATAN UNTUK MENCEGAH PENULARAN HIV AIDS DI MASA PANDEMI OLEH KOMISI PENANGGULANGAN AIDS (KPA) KOTA BANDUNG

Penelitian ini berjudul “Strategi Komunikasi Kesehatan Untuk Mencegah Penularan HIV AIDS Oleh Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS di Kota Bandung”. Tujuan diadakan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendiskripsikan Strategi Komunikasi Kesehatan oleh Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS (KPA) Kota Bandung untuk mencegah penularan HIV AIDS di Kota Bandung di Masa Pandemi. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan model komunikasi perencanaan Philip Lesly untuk mengemukakan pertanyaan serta menganalisis strategi komunikasi kesehatan. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan prosedur studi kepustakaan, wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sehingga peneliti dapat mengetahui bagaimana strategi komunikasi kesehatan untuk mencegah penularan HIV/AIDS oleh Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS (KPA) Kota Bandung di masa pandemi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa strategi komunikasi kesehatan yang dilakukan oleh Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS (KPA) Kota Bandung dalam mencegah penularan HIV/AIDS di masa pandemi, memiliki beberapa tahapan yaitu tahapan analisis & riset merupakan tingginya kasus HIV/AIDS, stigma negatif, dan kurangnya edukasi masyarakat mengenai HIV/AIDS. Tahapan perumusan kebijakan yaitu mendiskusikan masalah melalui cara problem tree dengan instansi yang terlibat, melatih LSM dan relawan, mencari bahan konten dan merencanakan kegiatan komunikasi. Tahapan perencaanaan program merupakan dana berasal dari Dana Hibah Pemerintahan Kota Bandung yang di rekomendasikan oleh Dinas Kesehatan. Sedangkan untuk LSM adalah dana dari Global Fund, tenaga berasal dari instansi yang terkait untuk bekerja sama dalam program pencegahan, fasilatas menggunakan fasilitas yang disesuaikan dengan dana atau menggunakan fasilitas pemerintahan serta fungsi media sosial. Tahapan Kegiatan Komunikasi yaitu sosialisasi, komunikasi langsung, peer to peer atau peer suport, website dan media sosial. Kata Kunci : Model Perencanaan Komunikasi Philip Lesly, Strategi Komunikasi Kesehatan, Pencegahan

Glycaemic abnormalities induced by small molecule tryosine kinase inhibitors: a review

In light of the expected increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus due to an aging population, sedentary lifestyles, an increase in obesity, and unhealthy diets, there is a need to identify potential pharmacological agents that can heighten the risk of developing diabetes. Similarly, it is equally important to also identify those agents that show blood glucose-lowering properties. Amongst these agents are tyrosine kinase inhibitors used to treat certain types of cancers. Over the last two decades, there has been an increase in the use of targeted chemotherapy for cancers such as renal cell carcinoma, chronic leukaemia, and gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been at the forefront of targeted chemotherapy. Studies have shown that small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors can alter glycaemic control and glucose metabolism, with some demonstrating hypoglycaemic activities whilst others showing hyperglycaemic properties. The mechanism by which small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors cause glycaemic dysregulation is not well understood, therefore, the clinical significance of these chemotherapeutic agents on glucose handling is also poorly documented. In this review, the effort is directed at mapping mechanistic insights into the effect of various small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors on glycaemic dysregulation envisaged to provide a deeper understanding of these chemotherapeutic agents on glucose metabolism. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors may elicit these observed glycaemic effects through preservation of β-cell function, improving insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. These compounds bind to a spectrum of receptors and proteins implicated in glucose regulation for example, non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRC and ABL. Then receptor tyrosine kinase EGFR, PDGFR, and FGFR

Effects of estrogens and estrogenic disrupting compounds on fish mineralized tissues

Estrogens play well-recognized roles in reproduction across vertebrates, but also intervene in a wide range of other physiological processes, including mineral homeostasis. Classical actions are triggered when estrogens bind and activate intracellular estrogen receptors (ERs), regulating the transcription of responsive genes, but rapid non-genomic actions initiated by binding to plasma membrane receptors were recently described. A wide range of structurally diverse compounds from natural and anthropogenic sources have been shown to interact with and disrupt the normal functions of the estrogen system, and fish are particularly vulnerable to endocrine disruption, as these compounds are frequently discharged or run-off into waterways. The effect of estrogen disruptors in fish has mainly been assessed in relation to reproductive endpoints, and relatively little attention has been given to other disruptive actions. This review will overview the actions of estrogens in fish, including ER isoforms, their expression, structure and mechanisms of action. The estrogen functions will be considered in relation to mineral homeostasis and actions on mineralized tissues. The impact of estrogenic endocrine disrupting compounds on fish mineralized tissues will be reviewed, and the potential adverse outcomes of exposure to such compounds will be discussed. Current lacunae in knowledge are highlighted along with future research priorities.Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal (FCT) [PTDC/AAG-GLO/4003/2012, PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2011, SFRH/BPD/25247/2005]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy Using Swiss Lithoclast for Treatment of Ureteral Calculi: 12-Years Experience

Ureteroscopic lithotripsy using Swiss Lithoclast was performed in 411 cases from January 1996 to September 2007 in a single hospital. Medical records of 341 cases, in which Swiss Lithoclast was successfully applied, were available for this retrospective study. We used 9.5Fr and 10Fr Storz rigid ureteroscopes. A success was defined as being free of stone-related symptoms and residual stones larger than 2 mm. Sixty one stones were located in the upper ureter, 49 stones were in the mid ureter, and 231 stones were in the lower ureter. The overall success rate was 93.5%. The success rate of upper ureter stone (80.3%) was significantly lower compared with those of mid (93.8%) and lower (96.9%) ureter stones (P=0.001). The higher the calculi was located within the ureter, the more chance of upward migration there was (P<0.001). The success rate in male patients was lower than in female patients without a statistical significance (P=0.068). The success rate decreased as the size of the stone increased (P<0.001), and as the degree of hydronephrosis increased (P=0.03). Perforation rates were 4.9%, 4.1%, and 2.6% from upper to lower ureter stone group. Ureteroscopic lithotripsy using Swiss Lithoclast is a safe and useful treatment modality for ureteral calculi

Food effects on statolith composition of the common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis)

The concentration of trace elements within cephalopod statoliths can provide a record of the environmental characteristics at the time of calcification. To reconstruct accurately the environmental characteristics at the time of calcification, it is important to understand the influence of as many factors as possible. To test the hypothesis that the elemental composition of cuttlefish statoliths could be influenced by diet, juvenile Sepia officinalis were fed either shrimp Crangon sp. or fish Clupea harengus under equal temperature and salinity regimes in laboratory experiments. Element concentrations in different regions of the statoliths (core–lateral dome–rostrum) were determined using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA- ICPMS). The ratios of Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca, Mn/Ca and Y/Ca in the statolith’s lateral dome of shrimp-fed cuttlefish were significantly higher than in the statolith’s lateral dome of fish-fed cuttlefish. Moreover, significant differences between statolith regions were found for all analysed elements. The fact that diet adds a considerable variation especially to Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca must be taken into account in future micro-chemical statolith studies targeting cephalopod’s life history

Otolith geochemistry does not reflect dispersal history of clownfish larvae

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2010. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Coral Reefs 29 (2010): 883-891, doi:10.1007/s00338-010-0652-z.Natural geochemical signatures in calcified structures are commonly employed to retrospectively estimate dispersal pathways of larval fish and invertebrates. However, the accuracy of the approach is generally untested due to the absence of individuals with known dispersal histories. We used genetic parentage analysis (genotyping) to divide 110 new recruits of the orange clownfish, Amphiprion percula, from Kimbe Island, Papua New Guinea, into two groups: “self-recruiters” spawned by parents on Kimbe Island and “immigrants” that had dispersed from distant reefs (>10km away). Analysis of daily increments in sagittal otoliths found no significant difference in PLDs or otolith growth rates between self-recruiting and immigrant larvae. We also quantified otolith Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios during the larval phase using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Again, we found no significant differences in larval profiles of either element between self-recruits and immigrants. Our results highlight the need for caution when interpreting otolith dispersal histories based on natural geochemical tags in the absence of water chemistry data or known-origin larvae with which to test the discriminatory ability of natural tags.Research was supported by the Australian Research Council, the Coral Reef Initiatives for the Pacific (CRISP), the Global Environmental Facility CRTR Connectivity Working Group, the Total Foundation, a National Science Foundation grant (#0424688) to SRT, and a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship to MLB