Fast transport of two ions in an anharmonic trap

We design fast trajectories of a trap to transport two ions using a shortcut-to-adiabaticity technique based on invariants. The effects of anharmonicity are analyzed first perturbatively, with an approximate, single relative-motion mode, description. Then, we use classical calculations and full quantum calculations. This allows us to identify discrete transport times that minimize excitation in the presence of anharmonicity. An even better strategy to suppress the effects of anharmonicity in a continuous range of transport times is to modify the trajectory using an effective trap frequency shifted with respect to the actual frequency by the coupling between relative and center-of-mass motions.We are grateful to A. Ruschhaupt, D. Leibfried, and U. Poschinger for useful comments. We acknowledge funding by Grants No. IT472-10 and No. FIS2009-12773-C02-01, and the UPV/EHU Program UFI 11/55. M.P. acknowledges a fellowship by UPV/EHU

Growth Performance, Fecundity and Sexual Growth Dimorphism of Oreochromis Esculentus and Oreochromis Niloticus Under Cage Culture in Kisii County, Kenya

Oreochromis esculentus, a fish species relished by people around the Lake Victoria region is no longer abundant due to competitive exclusion by introduced fishes and fishing pressure. There is a need for its culture for production and determination of its growth performance in captivity. Little information is available on the growth of O. esculentus in captivity. This study aimed to evaluate growth performance, sexual growth dimorphism and fecundity of two species, the threatened O. esculentus and the traditionally cultured Oreochromis niloticus for recruitment of the former in aquaculture. Growth trials were undertaken at the Fish Multiplication Centre in Kisii County. Three treatments of O. esculentus (from Gesebei dam), O. niloticus (from County Fish Multiplication and Training Centre – CFMTC) and O. niloticus (from Kitaru dam) were replicated four times in cage culture. Each cage was stocked with 30 fingerlings, cultured for eight months and fed twice daily. Fish samples were collected biweekly for weight and length measurements. Eggs/ fry were retrieved from brooding females and relative fecundity was evaluated. Data was analyzed using the analysis of covariance. For asymptotic weight, O. niloticus (CFMTC) weighing 329.7±5.48 g outperformed O. esculentus (Gesebei) 317.7±5.48 g and O. niloticus (Kitaru) 258.8±5.48 g (p <0.05). The O. esculentus had the highest asymptotic length of 30.5±0.29 cm, followed by O. niloticus (CFMTC) 28.5±0.29 cm and 26.5±0.29 cm for O. niloticus (Kitaru) (p <0.05). There was no significant difference in growth performance between the males and the females of O. esculentus in terms of asymptotic length and weight. For relative fecundity, there was no significant difference with slopes for fecundity means at 95% confidence intervals, with O. esculentus (Gesebei) at -0.07543, O. niloticus (CFMTC) and O. niloticus (Kitaru dam) at -0.06036 and -0.12034, respectively. The study showed O. esculentus is suitable for aquaculture due to its performance in length and can be a conservation strategy

Learning quantities of interest from parametric PDEs: An efficient neural-weighted Minimal Residual approach

The efficient approximation of parametric PDEs is of tremendous importance in science and engineering. In this paper, we show how one can train Galerkin discretizations to efficiently learn quantities of interest of solutions to a parametric PDE. The central component in our approach is an efficient neural-network-weighted Minimal-Residual formulation, which, after training, provides Galerkin-based approximations in standard discrete spaces that have accurate quantities of interest, regardless of the coarseness of the discrete space

Fast transitionless expansions of cold atoms in optical Gaussian-beam traps

We study fast expansions of cold atoms in a three-dimensional Gaussian-beam optical trap. Three different methods to avoid final motional excitation are compared: inverse engineering using Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants, which provides the best overall performance, a bang-bang approach, and a fast adiabatic approach. We analyze the excitation effect of anharmonic terms, radial-longitudinal coupling, and radial-frequency mismatch. In the inverse-engineering approach these perturbations can be suppressed or mitigated by increasing the laser beam waist.We thank G. C. Hegerfeldt for useful discussions. We acknowledge funding by the Basque government (Grant No. IT472-10), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Grant No. FIS2009-12773-C02-01), and the UPV/EHU under program UFI 11/55. X.C. thanks the Juan de la Cierva Programme, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 60806041 and No. 61176118), and the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Program (Grant No. S30105); E.T. thanks the Basque government (Grant No. BFI08.151); and D.G.O. thanks the Agence National de la Recherche, the Région Midi-Pyrénées, University Paul Sabatier (OMASYC project), and the Institut Universitaire de France

Invariant-Based Inverse Engineering of Crane Control Parameters

By applying invariant-based inverse engineering in the small-oscillation regime, we design the time dependence of the control parameters of an overhead crane (trolley displacement and rope length) to transport a load between two positions at different heights with minimal final-energy excitation for a microcanonical ensemble of initial conditions. The analogy between ion transport in multisegmented traps or neutral-atom transport in moving optical lattices and load manipulation by cranes opens a route for a useful transfer of techniques among very different fields.We acknowledge our discussions with S. Martínez-Garaot and M. Palmero. This work was supported by Eusko Jaurlaritza (Grant No. IT986-16); MINECO/ FEDER,UE (Grants No. FIS2015-67161-P and No. FIS2015-70856-P); QUITEMAD+CM S2013- ICE2801; and by Programme Investissements d'Avenir under the program ANR-11-IDEX 0002-02, reference ANR-10-LABX-0037-NEXT

Vibrational Mode Multiplexing of Ultracold Atoms

Sending multiple messages on qubits encoded in different vibrational modes of cold atoms or ions along a transmission waveguide requires us to merge first and then separate the modes at input and output ends. Similarly, different qubits can be stored in the modes of a trap and be separated later. We design the fast splitting of a harmonic trap into an asymmetric double well so that the initial ground vibrational state becomes the ground state of one of two final wells, and the initial first excited state becomes the ground state of the other well. This might be done adiabatically by slowly deforming the trap. We speed up the process by inverse engineering a double-function trap using dynamical invariants. The separation (demultiplexing) followed by an inversion of the asymmetric bias and then by the reverse process (multiplexing) provides a population inversion protocol based solely on trap reshaping.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61176118), Grants No. 12QH1400800 IT472-10, No. BFI-2010-255, No. 13PJ1403000, No. FIS2012-36673-C03-01, and the program UFI 11/55. S. M.-G. acknowledges support from a fellowship from UPV/EHU

Efficacy of the Nutritional Supplement, EvenFlo, in the Management of Sickle Cell Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: In this study, we investigated if a combination of the nutraceutical supplement, EvenFlo and folic acid will be superior to the standard stand-alone use of folic acid. Methods: We conducted a randomized double-blind, active-controlled, clinical trial. A total of 70 subjects with SCD ages 5-12 years were enrolled into the study with 35 in the intervention group and 35 in the control group; 61 completed the trial (32 from the intervention group and 29 from the control group). Results: Participants in the intervention group were significantly less likely to experience crises compared to subjects in the control group. None of the subjects in the intervention group experienced any form of vasoocclusive crisis (VOC) compared to 93.1% of the subjects in the controlled group. Additionally, the intervention group experienced a significantly higher increase in their hemoglobin concentration from baseline (2.92 g/dL, 95% CI [2.33, 3.51]) compared the control group (1.77 g/dL, 95% CI [1.00, 2.54]). The intervention group experienced a significantly higher increase in their mean weight from baseline (4.47 Kg, 95% CI [4.02, 4.92]) while the control group experienced a decrease (-1.05 Kg, 95% CI [-1.60, -0.51]). Conclusions: EvenFlo is a nutritional supplement effective in the management of SCD when combined with folic acid; its beneficial effect would be useful in boosting the hemoglobin concentration and weight indices individuals with SCD as well as and in limiting the crises they suffered

Collision times in pi-pi and pi-K scattering and spectroscopy of meson resonances

Using the concept of collision time (time delay) introduced by Eisenbud and Wigner and its connection to on-shell intermediate unstable states, we study mesonic resonances in pi-pi and pi-K scattering. The time-delay method proves its usefulness by revealing the spectrum of the well-known rho- and K*-mesons and by supporting some speculations on rho-mesons in the 1200 MeV region. We use this method further to shed some light on more speculative meson resonances, among others the enigmatic scalars. We confirm the existence of chiralons below 1 GeV in the unflavoured and strange meson sector.Comment: 22 pages LaTex, 8 figure