Multiple veining in a paleo–accretionary wedge: The metamorphic rock record of prograde dehydration and transient high porefluid pressures along the subduction interface (Western Series, central Chile)

Thaïs Hyppolito is acknowledged for sharing her knowledge about local geology. Anne Verlaguet, Hugues Raimbourg, and James Connolly are also acknowledged for insightful discussions on fluid-rock metamorphic processes. Ralf Halama and two anonymous reviewers are warmly acknowledged for insightful comments. Mauricio Calderón, Francisco Fuentes, and the Earth Sciences department at Universidad Andrés Bello (Santiago, Chile) are thanked for their technical assistance. A.C. acknowledges the research grant provided by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a post-doctoral fellowship at Ruhr-Universität Bochum.High pressure–low temperature metamorphic rocks from the late Paleozoic accretionary wedge exposed in central Chile (Pichilemu region) are characterized by a greenschist-blueschist lithological association with interbedded metasediments that reached peak burial conditions of ~400 °C and 0.8 GPa during late Carboniferous times. We herein combine new extensive field observations, structural measurements, and geochemical and petrological data on vein and matrix material from Pichilemu transitional greenschist-blueschist facies rocks. The studied veins were first filled by albite, followed by quartz and calcite as well as glaucophane and winchite. Field, structural, and microscopic zoning patterns show that these rocks underwent a protracted sequence of prograde vein-opening events, which have been largely transposed to the main foliation before and during underplating in the basal accretion site near 25–30 km depth. While some of the earliest albite-filled vein sets may have formed after prograde breakdown of sub–greenschist facies minerals (<250 °C), our thermodynamic modeling shows that relatively minor amounts of fluid are produced in the subducted pile by dehydration reactions between 250 and 400 °C along the estimated geothermal gradient. It also confirms that the formation of interlayered blueschist and greenschist layers in Pichilemu metavolcanics is a consequence of local bulk composition variations, and that greenschists are generally not formed due to selective exhumation-related retrogression of blueschists. The early vein sets are a consequence of prograde internal fluid production followed by sets of hydrofractures formed at near-peak burial that are interpreted as a record of external fluid influx. We postulate that such a fractured sequence represents a close analogue to the high-Vp/Vs regions documented by seismological studies within the base of the seismogenic zone in active subduction settings.This work has been funded by an Initiative D’EXcellence (IDEX) grant 16C538 to S.A. The University of Granada is acknowledged for partial funding. Part of this work was also supported by the TelluS Program of CNRS/INSU. This is Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris contribution 4124

Why do papers from international collaborations get more citations? A bibliometric analysis of Library and Information Science papers

Scientific activity has become increasingly complex in recent years. The need for international research collaboration has thus become a common pattern in science. In this current landscape, countries face the problem of maintaining their competitiveness while cooperating with other countries to achieve relevant research outputs. In this international context, publications from international collaborations tend to achieve greater scientific impact than those from domestic ones. To design policies that improve the competitiveness of countries and organizations, it thus becomes necessary to understand the factors and mechanisms that influence the benefits and impact of international research. In this regard, the aim of this study is to confirm whether the differences in impact between international and domestic collaborations are affected by their topics and structure. To perform this study, we examined the Library and Information Science category of the Web of Science database between 2015 and 2019. A science mapping analysis approach was used to extract the themes and their structure according to collaboration type and in the whole category (2015-2019). We also looked for differences in these thematic aspects in top countries and in communities of collaborating countries. The results showed that the thematic factor influences the impact of international research, as the themes in this type of collaboration lie at the forefront of the Library and Information Science category (e.g., technologies such as artificial intelligence and social media are found in the category), while domestic collaborations have focused on more well-consolidated themes (e.g., academic libraries and bibliometrics). Organizations, countries, and communities of countries must therefore consider this thematic factor when designing strategies to improve their competitiveness and collaborate

Ploidy effects on the relationship between floral phenotype, reproductive investment, and fitness in an autogamous species complex

This research was supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CGL2014‐59886‐JIN), the Organismo Autónomo de Parques Nacionales (Ref: 2415/2017), and the Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019‐111294GB‐I00/SRA/10.13039/5011000 11033), including FEDER funds. A.J.M.‐P. was funded by the European Commission under the Marie Sklodowska‐Curie Action Cofund 2016 EU agreement 754446 and the UGR Research and Knowledge Transfer—Athenea3i. A.G.‐M. was supported by the OUTevolution project (PID2019‐ 111294GB‐I00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033)Premise: The relationships between reproductive investment, phenotype, and fitness have been broadly studied in cross-pollinated plants in contrast to selfing species, which are considered less interesting in this area because they are supposed to be a dead end in any evolutionary pathway. Still, selfing plants are unique systems to study these questions since the position of reproductive structures and traits related to flower size play an important role in female and male pollination success. Methods: Erysimum incanum s.l. is a selfing species complex that has three levels of ploidy (diploids, tetraploids, and hexaploids) and traits that are typically associated with the selfing syndrome. Here, we used 1609 plants belonging to these three ploidies to characterize the floral phenotype and spatial configuration of reproductive structures, reproductive investment (pollen and ovule production), and plant fitness. Then, we used structural equation modelling to analyze the relationship between all these variables across ploidy levels. Results: An increase in ploidy level leads to bigger flowers with anthers exserted farther and more pollen and ovules. In addition, hexaploid plants had higher absolute values for herkogamy, which is positively correlated with fitness. Ovule production significantly mediated the natural selection acting on different phenotypic traits and pollen production, a pattern that is maintained across ploidies. Conclusions: The changes in floral phenotypes, reproductive investment, and fitness with ploidy level suggest that genome duplication can be a driver for transitions in reproductive strategy by modifying the investment in pollen and ovules and linking them with plant phenotype and fitness.European Commission 754446FEDERMinistry of Science and Innovation PID2019‐111294GB‐I00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033Organismo Autónomo de Parques Nacionales 2415/2017Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness CGL2014‐59886‐JINUniversidad de Granad

Influence of liquid-to-biogas ratio and alkalinity on the biogas upgrading performance in a demo scale algal-bacterial photobioreactor

The influence of the liquid-to-biogas ratio (L/G) and alkalinity on methane quality was evaluated in a 11.7 m3 outdoors horizontal semi-closed tubular photobioreactor interconnected to a 45-L absorption column (AC). CO2 concentrations in the upgraded methane ranged from <0.1 to 9.6% at L/G of 2.0 and 0.5, respectively, with maximum CH4 concentrations of 89.7% at a L/G of 1.0. Moreover, an enhanced CO2 removal (mediating a decrease in CO2 concentration from 9.6 to 1.2%) and therefore higher CH4 contents (increasing from 88.0 to 93.2%) were observed when increasing the alkalinity of the AC cultivation broth from 42 ± 1 mg L−1 to 996 ± 42 mg L−1. H2S was completely removed regardless of the L/G or the alkalinity in AC. The continuous operation of the photobioreactor with optimized operating parameters resulted in contents of CO2 (<0.1%–1.4%), H2S (<0.7 mg m−3) and CH4 (94.1%–98.8%) complying with international regulations for methane injection into natural gas grids.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

A comparison of Clinical Risk Index for babies (CRIB-II), Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology (SNAP-II) and SNAPPE-II in predicting parenteral nutrition necessity in low birth weight preterm neonates.

Advances in perinatal care have made it possible to improve survival of low birth weight neonates. Clinical risk index for babies (CRIB-II), score for neonatal acute physiology (SNAP-II), and SNAP-perinatal extension-II (SNAPPE-II) have been used as mortality predictors for preterm infants. Feeding intolerance is very frequent in preterm neonates, and the development of an early effective biomarker for its prediction could be useful for carrying out a proper feeding strategy. Our aim was to compare the ability of CRIB-II, SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II in predict the feeding intolerance and parenteral nutrition necessity in preterm neonates. Methods: A retrospective cohort study on preterm neonates’ born at Jaen Hospital Complex with low birth weight and ≤ 36 weeks of gestation was done. Epidemiological, clinical and clinical scores CRIB II, SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II were recorded. Results: 255 low birth weight preterm neonates, 131 males (51.4%), aged ≤32 weeks of gestation (71%), were enrolled at our hospital. Parenteral nutrition needed were significantly higher in preterm neonates weighed 2500-1500 g (73.3%) and ≤ 1000g (87%). CRIB-II, SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II mean values were higher in neonates group subjected to parenteral nutrition compared with oral nutrition (p<0.05). CRIB-II and SNAPPE-II scores significantly correlated with parenteral nutrition days (p<0.05). Overall mortality rate was 11%. The 78.6% of all deceased infants needed parenteral nutrition. Conclusion: Clinical Risk Index for babies (CRIB-II) better than SNAPPE-II correlated with the feeding intolerance and thus the parenteral nutrition days in preterm neonates with low birth weight.Subvencionado: Ayuda del Plan Propio de Investigación de la UMA. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

II Micro-simposio Interinstitucional de Microbiología; un compromiso para la divulgación del conocimiento científico

Los avances científicos se han incrementado en los últimos años. La divulgación del conocimiento que se genera en los laboratorios es fundamental para el crecimiento de la sociedad estudiantil, académica y del público general interesado. El “II Micro-simposio Interinstitucional de Microbiología” se realizó con el fin de contribuir a la divulgación del conocimiento a la población académica interesada en temas de vanguardia en la microbiología, a través de la presentación de trabajos por estudiantes de pregrado y de posgrado de 4 instituciones de educación superior mexicanas, pertenecientes a 3 entidades federativas. Todos los trabajos se anotaron en repositorios válidos para su mayor visibilidad

Monte Carlo method to machine tool uncertainty evaluation

Currently machine tools are not only a way to make different parts based on material removal processes. These ones can be used as a measurement system too. In this way, overall inspection time is reduced and equipment productivity is increased. Nevertheless, the use of machine tool probes as measurement tool in manufacturing parts required previous works. Firstly, the machine tool accuracy should be improved, in order to reduce the influence of its geometric errors. This way, volumetric verification based on laser tracker measurement has increased strongly in the last few years, especially in long range machine tools. Secondly, calibration uncertainty should be calculated to provide measurement uncertainty. This way, the paper presents a new tool able to analyze the effect of different influence verification parameters in calibration uncertainty based on Monte Carlo method. Using real tests carried out on a milling machine and its geometric errors, the influence or laser tracker measurement noise in calibration uncertainty is studied using Monte Carlo method

The relationship between human and animal health in the prevention of West Nile virus in Spain.

Human health and animal health are closely related, since animals can act as reservoirs for diseases (zoonoses) and be affected by the same pathogens that affect humans. Therefore, the implementation of preventive and control measures that integrate both dimensions of health is crucial to prevent the emergence and spread of diseases, such as that caused by the West Nile virus (WNV). WNV is a Flavivirus that is maintained among bird populations through mosquito bites. Eventually, infected mosquitoes can bite mammals, usually humans and horses, and these can suffer from the disease. In 2020, the largest epidemic outbreak of WNV occurred in Spain, affecting humans and horses, and claiming the lives of 8 people. To analyse the factors that influenced the transmission of the virus to humans and horses, pathogeographic models were developed in the Iberian Peninsula based on the cases of that year. The results showed similar environmental conditions for the development of outbreaks in humans and horses. In addition, WNV cases in horses were excellent indicators of the risk of cases in humans. The models made it possible to highlight the areas at risk of outbreaks for the following years. The main hydrographic basins of the Iberian Peninsula were the most favourable areas for the appearance of outbreaks, affecting both Portugal and Spain. The importance of carrying out interdisciplinary collaboration to address public health challenges and the prevention of zoonotic diseases is highlighted. For this, it is necessary to develop a solid understanding of the relationship between animal health and human health and take effective measures to improve the health and well-being of both animals and humans.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Dental treatment with single-implants. A 5-year study

IIntroducción: La implantología oral representa en la actualidad, una modalidad terapéutica odontológica en los pacientes con pérdida dental total y parcial. El estudio muestra la evaluación de los pacientes tratados con coronas unitarias mediante la carga de los implantes unitarios. Métodos: Fueron tratados146 pacientes con pérdidas dentales unitarias con implantes con superficie arenada y grabada Galimplant®. Los implantes fueron cargados funcionalmente tras un periodo de tiempo de 6 semanas en la mandíbula y 8 semanas en el maxilar superior. Los hallazgos clínicos (implantológicos y prostodóncicos) se han seguido durante 5 años. Resultado: Fueron insertados 216 implantes en ambos maxilares (168 en el maxilar superior y 48 en la mandíbula) para su rehabilitación prostodóncica con coronas implantosoportadas. 81 implantes fueron insertados en el sector anterior y 135 implantes en el sector posterior. Después de 5 años de seguimiento clínico, los resultados indican una supervivencia y éxito de los implantes del 95,8%. Durante el periodo de cicatrización, se perdieron 4 implantes por movilidad, mientras que 5 implantes se perdieron por periimplantitis. Se presentaron complicaciones prostodóncicas en 8 coronas con fractura de cerámica. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos clínicos del presente estudio indican que la rehabilitación prostodóncica con coronas unitarias mediante la inserción de implantes con superficie arenada y grabada, representa una terapéutica odontológica con éxito.Introduction: Implant dentistry constitute a therapeutic modality in the prosthodontic treatment of patients with partial and total tooth loss. This study reports the evaluation of patients treated with single crowns by loading of single implants. Methods: 146 patients with single-tooth loss were treated with Galimplant® sandblasted and acid-etched surface implants. Implants were loaded after a healing period of 6 weeks (mandible) and 8 weeks (maxilla). Clinical findings (implants and prosthodontics) were followed during 5 years. Results: 216 implants were inserted (168 maxillary, and 48 mandibular) for prosthodontic rehabilitation with single-tooth crowns. 81 implants were inserted in anterior sites and 135 in posterior sites. After 5-year followup, clinical results indicate a survival and success rate of implants of 95,8%. 4 implants were lost during the healing period by mobility, while 5 implants were lost by peri-implantitits. Technical complications showed 8 cases of ceramic fracture. Conclusions: Clinical results of this study indicate that single crowns supported by sandblasted and etchedsurface implants and can be a successful dental treatment