675 research outputs found
Multiple veining in a paleoâaccretionary wedge: The metamorphic rock record of prograde dehydration and transient high porefluid pressures along the subduction interface (Western Series, central Chile)
ThaĂŻs Hyppolito is acknowledged for sharing her knowledge
about local geology. Anne Verlaguet, Hugues Raimbourg, and
James Connolly are also acknowledged for insightful discussions on fluid-rock metamorphic processes. Ralf Halama
and two anonymous reviewers are warmly acknowledged for
insightful comments. Mauricio CalderĂłn, Francisco Fuentes, and
the Earth Sciences department at Universidad Andrés Bello
(Santiago, Chile) are thanked for their technical assistance. A.C.
acknowledges the research grant provided by the Alexander
von Humboldt Foundation for a post-doctoral fellowship at
Ruhr-UniversitĂ€t Bochum.High pressureâlow temperature metamorphic
rocks from the late Paleozoic accretionary wedge
exposed in central Chile (Pichilemu region) are
characterized by a greenschist-blueschist lithological association with interbedded metasediments
that reached peak burial conditions of ~400 °C
and 0.8 GPa during late Carboniferous times. We
herein combine new extensive field observations,
structural measurements, and geochemical and
petrological data on vein and matrix material from
Pichilemu transitional greenschist-blueschist facies
rocks. The studied veins were first filled by albite, followed by quartz and calcite as well as glaucophane
and winchite. Field, structural, and microscopic
zoning patterns show that these rocks underwent
a protracted sequence of prograde vein-opening
events, which have been largely transposed to the
main foliation before and during underplating in
the basal accretion site near 25â30 km depth. While
some of the earliest albite-filled vein sets may have
formed after prograde breakdown of subâgreenschist facies minerals (<250 °C), our thermodynamic
modeling shows that relatively minor amounts of
fluid are produced in the subducted pile by dehydration reactions between 250 and 400 °C along
the estimated geothermal gradient. It also confirms
that the formation of interlayered blueschist and
greenschist layers in Pichilemu metavolcanics is a
consequence of local bulk composition variations,
and that greenschists are generally not formed due
to selective exhumation-related retrogression of
blueschists. The early vein sets are a consequence
of prograde internal fluid production followed by
sets of hydrofractures formed at near-peak burial
that are interpreted as a record of external fluid
influx. We postulate that such a fractured sequence
represents a close analogue to the high-Vp/Vs
regions documented by seismological studies
within the base of the seismogenic zone in active
subduction settings.This work has been funded by an
Initiative DâEXcellence (IDEX) grant 16C538 to S.A. The University of Granada is acknowledged for partial funding. Part of this
work was also supported by the TelluS Program of CNRS/INSU.
This is Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris contribution 4124
Why do papers from international collaborations get more citations? A bibliometric analysis of Library and Information Science papers
Scientific activity has become increasingly complex in recent years. The need for international research collaboration has thus become a common pattern in science. In this current landscape, countries face the problem of maintaining their competitiveness while cooperating with other countries to achieve relevant research outputs. In this international context, publications from international collaborations tend to achieve greater scientific impact than those from domestic ones. To design policies that improve the competitiveness of countries and organizations, it thus becomes necessary to understand the factors and mechanisms that influence the benefits and impact of international research. In this regard, the aim of this study is to confirm whether the differences in impact between international and domestic collaborations are affected by their topics and structure. To perform this study, we examined the Library and Information Science category of the Web of Science database between 2015 and 2019. A science mapping analysis approach was used to extract the themes and their structure according to collaboration type and in the whole category (2015-2019). We also looked for differences in these thematic aspects in top countries and in communities of collaborating countries. The results showed that the thematic factor influences the impact of international research, as the themes in this type of collaboration lie at the forefront of the Library and Information Science category (e.g., technologies such as artificial intelligence and social media are found in the category), while domestic collaborations have focused on more well-consolidated themes (e.g., academic libraries and bibliometrics). Organizations, countries, and communities of countries must therefore consider this thematic factor when designing strategies to improve their competitiveness and collaborate
Ploidy effects on the relationship between floral phenotype, reproductive investment, and fitness in an autogamous species complex
This research was supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CGL2014â59886âJIN), the Organismo AutĂłnomo de Parques Nacionales (Ref: 2415/2017), and the Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019â111294GBâI00/SRA/10.13039/5011000 11033), including FEDER funds. A.J.M.âP. was funded by the European Commission under the Marie SklodowskaâCurie Action Cofund 2016 EU agreement 754446 and the UGR Research and Knowledge TransferâAthenea3i. A.G.âM. was supported by the OUTevolution project (PID2019â 111294GBâI00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033)Premise: The relationships between reproductive investment, phenotype, and fitness have been broadly studied in cross-pollinated plants in contrast to selfing species, which are considered less interesting in this area because they are supposed to be a dead end in any evolutionary pathway. Still, selfing plants are unique systems to study these questions since the position of reproductive structures and traits related to flower size play an important role in female and male pollination success. Methods: Erysimum incanum s.l. is a selfing species complex that has three levels of ploidy (diploids, tetraploids, and hexaploids) and traits that are typically associated with the selfing syndrome. Here, we used 1609 plants belonging to these three ploidies to characterize the floral phenotype and spatial configuration of reproductive structures, reproductive investment (pollen and ovule production), and plant fitness. Then, we used structural equation modelling to analyze the relationship between all these variables across ploidy levels. Results: An increase in ploidy level leads to bigger flowers with anthers exserted farther and more pollen and ovules. In addition, hexaploid plants had higher absolute values for herkogamy, which is positively correlated with fitness. Ovule production significantly mediated the natural selection acting on different phenotypic traits and pollen production, a pattern that is maintained across ploidies. Conclusions: The changes in floral phenotypes, reproductive investment, and fitness with ploidy level suggest that genome duplication can be a driver for transitions in reproductive strategy by modifying the investment in pollen and ovules and linking them with plant phenotype and fitness.European Commission
754446FEDERMinistry of Science and Innovation
PID2019â111294GBâI00/SRA/10.13039/501100011033Organismo AutĂłnomo de Parques Nacionales
2415/2017Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
CGL2014â59886âJINUniversidad de Granad
Influence of liquid-to-biogas ratio and alkalinity on the biogas upgrading performance in a demo scale algal-bacterial photobioreactor
The influence of the liquid-to-biogas ratio (L/G) and alkalinity on methane quality was evaluated in a 11.7âŻm3 outdoors horizontal semi-closed tubular photobioreactor interconnected to a 45-L absorption column (AC). CO2 concentrations in the upgraded methane ranged from <0.1 to 9.6% at L/G of 2.0 and 0.5, respectively, with maximum CH4 concentrations of 89.7% at a L/G of 1.0. Moreover, an enhanced CO2 removal (mediating a decrease in CO2 concentration from 9.6 to 1.2%) and therefore higher CH4 contents (increasing from 88.0 to 93.2%) were observed when increasing the alkalinity of the AC cultivation broth from 42âŻÂ±âŻ1âŻmgâŻLâ1 to 996âŻÂ±âŻ42âŻmgâŻLâ1. H2S was completely removed regardless of the L/G or the alkalinity in AC. The continuous operation of the photobioreactor with optimized operating parameters resulted in contents of CO2 (<0.1%â1.4%), H2S (<0.7âŻmgâŻmâ3) and CH4 (94.1%â98.8%) complying with international regulations for methane injection into natural gas grids.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
A comparison of Clinical Risk Index for babies (CRIB-II), Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology (SNAP-II) and SNAPPE-II in predicting parenteral nutrition necessity in low birth weight preterm neonates.
Advances in perinatal care have made it possible to improve survival of low birth weight neonates. Clinical risk index for babies (CRIB-II), score for neonatal acute physiology (SNAP-II), and SNAP-perinatal extension-II (SNAPPE-II) have been used as mortality predictors for preterm infants. Feeding intolerance is very frequent in preterm neonates, and the development of an early effective biomarker for its prediction could be useful for carrying out a proper feeding strategy. Our aim was to compare the ability of CRIB-II, SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II in predict the feeding intolerance and parenteral nutrition necessity in preterm neonates.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study on preterm neonatesâ born at Jaen Hospital Complex with low birth weight and †36 weeks of gestation was done. Epidemiological, clinical and clinical scores CRIB II, SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II were recorded.
Results: 255 low birth weight preterm neonates, 131 males (51.4%), aged â€32 weeks of gestation (71%), were enrolled at our hospital. Parenteral nutrition needed were significantly higher in preterm neonates weighed 2500-1500 g (73.3%) and †1000g (87%). CRIB-II, SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II mean values were higher in neonates group subjected to parenteral nutrition compared with oral nutrition (p<0.05). CRIB-II and SNAPPE-II scores significantly correlated with parenteral nutrition days (p<0.05). Overall mortality rate was 11%. The 78.6% of all deceased infants needed parenteral nutrition.
Conclusion: Clinical Risk Index for babies (CRIB-II) better than SNAPPE-II correlated with the feeding intolerance and thus the parenteral nutrition days in preterm neonates with low birth weight.Subvencionado: Ayuda del Plan Propio de InvestigaciĂłn de la UMA. Universidad de MĂĄlaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucĂa Tech
II Micro-simposio Interinstitucional de MicrobiologĂa; un compromiso para la divulgaciĂłn del conocimiento cientĂfico
Los avances cientĂficos se han incrementado en los Ășltimos años. La divulgaciĂłn del conocimiento que se genera en los laboratorios es fundamental para el crecimiento de la sociedad estudiantil, acadĂ©mica y del pĂșblico general interesado. El âII Micro-simposio Interinstitucional de MicrobiologĂaâ se realizĂł con el fin de contribuir a la divulgaciĂłn del conocimiento a la poblaciĂłn acadĂ©mica interesada en temas de vanguardia en la microbiologĂa, a travĂ©s de la presentaciĂłn de trabajos por estudiantes de pregrado y de posgrado de 4 instituciones de educaciĂłn superior mexicanas, pertenecientes a 3 entidades federativas. Todos los trabajos se anotaron en repositorios vĂĄlidos para su mayor visibilidad
Monte Carlo method to machine tool uncertainty evaluation
Currently machine tools are not only a way to make different parts based on material removal processes. These ones can be used as a measurement system too. In this way, overall inspection time is reduced and equipment productivity is increased.
Nevertheless, the use of machine tool probes as measurement tool in manufacturing parts required previous works. Firstly, the machine tool accuracy should be improved, in order to reduce the influence of its geometric errors. This way, volumetric verification based on laser tracker measurement has increased strongly in the last few years, especially in long range machine tools. Secondly, calibration uncertainty should be calculated to provide measurement uncertainty.
This way, the paper presents a new tool able to analyze the effect of different influence verification parameters in calibration uncertainty based on Monte Carlo method. Using real tests carried out on a milling machine and its geometric errors, the influence or laser tracker measurement noise in calibration uncertainty is studied using Monte Carlo method
The relationship between human and animal health in the prevention of West Nile virus in Spain.
Human health and animal health are closely related, since animals can act as reservoirs for diseases (zoonoses) and be affected by the same pathogens that affect humans. Therefore, the implementation of preventive and control measures that integrate both dimensions of health is crucial to prevent the emergence and spread of diseases, such as that caused by the West Nile virus (WNV). WNV is a Flavivirus that is maintained among bird populations through mosquito bites. Eventually, infected mosquitoes can bite mammals, usually humans and horses, and these can suffer from the disease. In 2020, the largest epidemic outbreak of WNV occurred in Spain, affecting humans and horses, and claiming the lives of 8 people. To analyse the factors that influenced the transmission of the virus to humans and horses, pathogeographic models were developed in the Iberian Peninsula based on the cases of that year. The results showed similar environmental conditions for the development of outbreaks in humans and horses. In addition, WNV cases in horses were excellent indicators of the risk of cases in humans. The models made it possible to highlight the areas at risk of outbreaks for the following years. The main hydrographic basins of the Iberian Peninsula were the most favourable areas for the appearance of outbreaks, affecting both Portugal and Spain. The importance of carrying out interdisciplinary collaboration to address public health challenges and the prevention of zoonotic diseases is highlighted. For this, it is necessary to develop a solid understanding of the relationship between animal health and human health and take effective measures to improve the health and well-being of both animals and humans.Universidad de MĂĄlaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucĂa Tech
Nanostructured fibrin-based hydrogel membranes for use as an augmentation strategy in achilles tendon surgical repair in rats
Hydrogels are polymeric biomaterials characterised by their promising biological and biomechanical
properties, which make them potential alternatives for use in tendon repair. The aim of the present study
was to generate in vitro, and determine the therapeutic efficacy in vivo, of novel nanostructured fibrin-based
hydrogels to be used as an augmentation strategy for the surgical repair of rat Achilles tendon injuries. Fibrin,
fibrin-agarose and fibrin-collagen nanostructured hydrogels (NFH, NFAH and NFCH, respectively) were
generated and their biomechanical properties and cell-biomaterial interactions characterised ex vivo. Achilles
tendon ruptures were created in 24 adult Wistar rats, which were next treated with direct repair (control
group) or direct repair augmented with the generated biomaterials (6 rats/group). After 4 and 8 weeks, the
animals were euthanised for macroscopical and histological analyses. Biomechanical characterisation showed
optimal properties of the biomaterials for use in tendon repair. Moreover, biological analyses confirmed
that tendon-derived fibroblasts were able to adhere to the surface of the generated biomaterials, with high
levels of viability and functionality. In vivo studies demonstrated successful tendon repair in all groups.
Lastly, histological analyses disclosed better tissue and extracellular matrix organisation and alignment with
biomaterial-based augmentation strategies than direct repair, especially when NFAH and NFCH were used.
The present study demonstrated that nanostructured fibrin-collagen hydrogels can be used to enhance the
healing process in the surgical repair of tendon ruptures.The study was supported by the Spanish Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (SECOT), the Spanish Plan Nacional de InvestigaciĂłn CientĂfica, Desarrollo e InnovaciĂłn TecnolĂłgica, Ministerio de EconomĂa y Competitividad (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER) Grant number FIS PI20-0318 and the Grant number P18-RT-5059 from the Plan Andaluz de InvestigaciĂłn, Desarrollo e InnovaciĂłn (PAIDI 2020), ConsejerĂa de TransformaciĂłn EconĂłmica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades, Andalusian Regional Government, Spain. The authors are grateful to Dr Ariane Ruyffelaert for her advice on the English version of the manuscript and to Karen Shashok for editing the revised manuscript. The authors are also grateful to Amalia de la Rosa Romero and ConcepciĂłn LĂłpez RodrĂguez (Experimental Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain) and Fabiola Bermejo Casares (Department of Histology, University of Granada, Spain) for their technical assistance
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