Efeitos das variações de PH, temperatura e nutrientes na ecofisiologia de Lithothamnion crspatum Hauck (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) e Sonderophycus capensis (Montagne) M.J. Wynne (Peyssonneliales, Rhodophyta): subsídios para o entendimento das mudanças climáticas

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Algas e Plantas, Florianópolis, 2013.No presente trabalho se avaliou a interação das variações do pH, temperatura e nutrientes a partir de níveis locais atuais destes fatores, no desempenho fisiológico de duas espécies de algas calcárias com diferenças de distribuição e afinidades ecofisiológicas. Sonderophycus capensis é uma espécie típica de ambientes temperados frios, enquanto que Lithothamnion crispatum é uma espécie de ambientes tropicais. A partir de experimentos feitos em microcosmo, a temperatura se mostrou o principal fator que levou às alterações da fisiologia dessas algas. As taxas de transporte de elétrons (ETR) diminuíram drasticamente nos tratamentos que se encontravam em elevada temperatura nas duas espécies. Adicionalmente, no tratamento que se encontrava em temperatura elevada, o baixo pH (7,2) manteve a ETR constante, atuando o pH de forma aditiva e antagônica com a temperatura. Com relação à calcificação, o pH baixo (7,2)/injeção de CO2 atuou de forma aditiva, estimulando a descalcificação na mesma forma nas duas espécies. Por outro lado, a elevada temperatura beneficiou a calcificação, chegando até 51% de calcificação em condições de pH controle. A interação também foi observada entre a temperatura e o pH, beneficiando levemente a calcificação. Em outro sentido, foram tomada amostras de água e analisadas, com o fim de observar se existiam mudanças nas espécies de carbonato. Desta forma, a concentração do íon carbonato (CO3 -2) foi menor nos tratamentos com baixo pH, assim como também as saturações de calcita e aragonita. Na maior parte das análises feitas nas duas espécies, os fatores mais importantes foram temperatura e pH, atuando de forma aditiva ou sinérgica. Por sua vez, os nutrientes não tiveram grande influencia na fisiologia. Apesar das diferenças na distribuição das duas espécies, não se observaram grandes diferenças nas respostas fisiológicas delas ao ser submetidas a variações de temperatura, pH e nutrientes. Em futuros experimentos, a aplicação dos fatores já mencionados por maiores períodos de tempo poderia contribuir para entender de melhor forma as implicâncias na ecofisiologia das espécies calcificadas.Abstract : In the present work it is evaluated the interaction effect of changes in pH, temperature and nutrients with current local levels each one of factors on the physiological performance of two species of calcareous algae with differences of distribution and eco physiological affinities. Sonderophycus capensis represents a group of species typical of temperate cold environments, whereas Lithothamnion crispatum are species typical of tropical environments. From the analysis in microcosm, the temperature was seen to be main factor driving the alterations on the physiology of both models. ETR quickly decreased when it was in high temperature. Furthermore, a low pH (7,2) also acted in an additive and antagonistic way, increasing the ETR in the treatments at elevated temperature. Concerning the calcification, the injection of CO2 and the low pH modified the calcification percentages, being lower in those treatments kept at low pH in both species. Nevertheless, the temperature favored calcification, being up to 51% higher in pH controlled conditions. Interaction on the calcification was also observed between temperature and pH, slightly increasing the calcification at elevated temperatures. The effects of decreasing pH were also observed on the chemistry of water. For it, the concentration of carbonate ions (CO3-2) was lower in those treatments at low pH. The saturation values of calcite and aragonite were also lower at low pH. In most of the analyses for both species the main driving factors were the temperature and the pH, acting in a synergetic or additive way in most of the cases. Nutrients did not have a big influence on the physiology. In spite of the differences on distribution of both species, no differences in physiological response were observed under the applied stresses. Future experiments conducted for longer periods of time could aid to better understand the eco physiological implicancies on these calcareous species

High-intensity interval training combined with vibration and dietary restriction Improves body composition and blood lipids in obese adults: a randomized trial

This study aimed to compare the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with additional whole-body vibration (WBV) on body composition and lipid profile in obese/overweight adults on a hypocaloric diet. Forty adults were randomly assigned to (a) HIIT and vibration and hypocaloric diet (HIITWBV, n ¼ 13), (b) HIIT and diet (HIIT, n ¼ 14), and (c) diet only (control [CON], n ¼ 13). High-intensity interval training WBV participants trained 3 times per week for 8 weeks (6 sets 1 minute of HIIT, cycling at 90% heart rate peak followed by 1 minute of interset vibration, at a frequency of 18 Hz increasing until 25 Hz with a peak-to- peak displacement of 4 mm. Training volume increased 1 set every 2 weeks until 10 sets). The HIIT group performed HIIT training followed by 2 minutes of passive recovery, while the CON continued with their daily activities combined with calorie restriction. Body composition (body fat and fat-free mass) and biochemical indices (glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides) were determined. Following 8 weeks, body fat was significantly reduced by 7.5% and both tri- glycerides and total cholesterol decreased in the HIITWBV group only ( 16.5% and 11.7% respectively). This study suggests that HIIT in combination with WBV and a hypocaloric diet can improve overall lipid profile in overweight/obese individual

Fundamentos de las metodologías AHP y ANP. Aplicación al problema de selección de proveedores para la elaboración de una cerveza artesanal

El presente trabajo desarrolla un caso práctico de selección de proveedores de materias primas a través de las herramientas AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) y ANP (Analytic Network Process), que como veremos más adelante se tratan de unas metodologías muy útiles para la resolución de problemas de toma de decisión en los que intervienen más de un criterio de decisión y existen varias alternativas. En primer lugar, empezaremos definiendo los Problemas de Decisión Multicriterio y estudiando en profundidad alguna de las herramientas existentes para abordar este tipo de problemas, la Metodología AHP y ANP. Veremos el marco teórico de ambas metodologías así como la base matemática y los axiomas principales. A continuación veremos las diferencias existentes entre ambas, analizando las principales ventajas y desventajas que presentan cada una de ellas. Posteriormente presentaremos un caso real en el que aplicaremos las metodologías AHP y ANP a la selección de proveedores de materias primas de una empresa de elaboración artesanal de cerveza. Haremos uso de los softwares comerciales específicos que existen para la implantación y resolución de este tipo de problemas y finalizaremos comparando los resultados obtenidos con cada uno de ellos. Finalmente se incluye unos anexos sobre los dos softwares, Expert Choice más apropiado para la resolución de problemas AHP, y SuperDecisions que permite la resolución de ambos problemas, siendo más apropiado para los problemas ANP. Estos anexos sobre los softwares son incluidos como ayuda a la utilización de dichos programas.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Ingeniería de Tecnologías Industriale

Gastropod-derived haemocyte extracellular traps entrap metastrongyloid larval stages of Angiostrongylus vasorum, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior

Background: Phagocyte-derived extracellular traps (ETs) were recently demonstrated mainly in vertebrate hosts as an important effector mechanism against invading parasites. In the present study we aimed to characterize gastropod-derived invertebrate extracellular phagocyte trap (InEPT) formation in response to larval stages of important canine and feline metastrongyloid lungworms. Gastropod haemocytes were isolated from the slug species Arion lusitanicus and Limax maximus, and the snail Achatina fulica, and exposed to larval stages of Angiostrongylus vasorum, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior and investigated for gastropod-derived InEPT formation. Results: Phase contrast as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of lungworm larvae-exposed haemocytes revealed ET-like structures to be extruded by haemocytes thereby contacting and ensnaring the parasites. Co-localization studies of haemocyte-derived extracellular DNA with histones and myeloperoxidase in larvae-entrapping structures confirmed classical characteristics of ETs. In vivo exposure of slugs to A. vasorum larvae resulted in InEPTs being extruded from haemocytes in the slug mucous extrapallial space emphasizing the pivotal role of this effector mechanism against invasive larvae. Functional larval entrapment assays demonstrated that almost half of the haemocyte-exposed larvae were contacted or even immobilized by released InEPTs. Overall, as reported for mammalian-derived ETs, different types of InEPTs were here observed, i.e. aggregated, spread and diffused InEPTs. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study represents the first report on metastrongyloid lungworm-triggered ETosis in gastropods thereby providing evidence of early mollusc host innate immune reactions against invading larvae. These findings will contribute to the better understanding on complex parasite-intermediate host interactions since different gastropod species bear different transmitting capacities for metastrongyloid infections

A survey of techniques for reducing interference in real-time applications on multicore platforms

This survey reviews the scientific literature on techniques for reducing interference in real-time multicore systems, focusing on the approaches proposed between 2015 and 2020. It also presents proposals that use interference reduction techniques without considering the predictability issue. The survey highlights interference sources and categorizes proposals from the perspective of the shared resource. It covers techniques for reducing contentions in main memory, cache memory, a memory bus, and the integration of interference effects into schedulability analysis. Every section contains an overview of each proposal and an assessment of its advantages and disadvantages.This work was supported in part by the Comunidad de Madrid Government "Nuevas Técnicas de Desarrollo de Software de Tiempo Real Embarcado Para Plataformas. MPSoC de Próxima Generación" under Grant IND2019/TIC-17261

Long-term photosynthetic CO2 removal from biogas and flue-gas: Exploring the potential of closed photobioreactors for high-value biomass production

Producción CientíficaThe long-term performance of a tubular photobioreactor interconnected to a gas absorption column for the abatement of CO2 from biogas and flue-gas was investigated. Additionally, a novel nitrogen feast-famine regime was implemented during the flue-gas feeding stage in order to promote the continuous storage of highly-energetic compounds. Results showed effective CO2 (~98%) and H2S (~99%) removals from synthetic biogas, supported by the high photosynthetic activity of microalgae which resulted in an alkaline pH (~10). In addition, CO2 removals of 99 and 91% were observed during the flue-gas operation depending on the nutrients source: mineral salt medium and digestate, respectively. A biomass productivity of ~8 g m−2 d−1 was obtained during both stages, with a complete nitrogen and carbon recovery from the cultivation broth. Moreover, the strategy of feeding nutrients during the dark period promoted the continuous accumulation of carbohydrates, their concentration increasing from 22% under normal nutrition up to 37% during the feast-famine cycle. This represents a productivity of ~3 g-carbohydrates m−2 d−1, which can be further valorized to contribute to the economic sustainability of the photosynthetic CO2 removal process.2019-12-312019-12-31Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Project CTM2015-70722-R

Obesidad en relacion con el estilo de vida, nivel educacional, nivel socioeconomico, ira y personalidad tipo A en adultos de la ciudad de Talca

113 p.La obesidad es uno de los problemas de salud más relevante a nivel mundial de las últimas décadas y se ha relacionado directamente con el desarrollo de diversas enfermedades como la diabetes, hipertensión, enfermedades cardiovasculares y más recientemente se ha asociado a algunos trastornos psicológicos. Diversos estudios han propuesto factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. En la presente investigación se analizan las posibles relaciones de la obesidad con las variables sociodemográficas nivel socioeconómico, nivel educacional, estilo de vida y las variables psicológicas ira y patrón de conducta tipo A, en una muestra de 1007 participantes de la ciudad de Talca. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, correlacionales y de regresión logística, obteniéndose relaciones discretas entre los factores de riesgo tradicionales y la obesidad. No se observaron relaciones significativas entre los factores psicológicos propuestos y la obesidad. Se discute acerca de estos resultados

Informes periciales por presunta responsabilidad médica en Bogotá

SUMMARYBackgroundInformation on medical liability lawsuits is critical for the formulation and implementation of policies, programs and actions pertaining to patient safety. There is no systematic information at present in the Colombian health sector regarding adverse outcomes resulting in professional liability lawsuits.ObjectiveTo characterize the cases of alleged professional liability analyzed in the Bogota Chapter of the Clinical Forensics Group of the National Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences Institute of Colombia between 2006-2010.MethodsA descriptive, uni and bivariate analysis of the forensic expert reports available was conducted.ResultsInformation was gathered for 402 cases. 77 % occurred in Bogota, 69.2 % were associated with women, the mean age was 36.4 years, and the private healthcare providers accounted for 52 % of the total. 80 % of the lawsuits were filed against the State and directly against the practitioners, and 59 % were criminal cases. The percentage of medical specialties involved most frequently was distributed as follows: 41 % in obstetrics and gynecology, 45 % in other surgical areas, 6 % in clinical areas and 5 % in pediatrics. The most frequent diagnoses were: fetal death of unexplained cause, accidental puncture or laceration during a procedure. 45 % of forensic reports were prepared by clinical or surgical specialists. The conclusion in 225 reports was that the case was the result of a complication, whereas in 165 the conclusion referred to a deviation from standard practice

An Analysis Of Work-Related Learning Literature Focusing On Race And Ethnicity

Qualitative analysis of the literature in three domains of work-related learning points to a small but growing number of studies and conceptual articles focusing explicitly on race/ethnicity. Findings varied across the three domains of continuing professional education, human research development, and workforce development