MITO E RELIGIÃO EM GABRIEL GARCÍA MÁRQUEZ: UMA ANÁLISE DO CONTO “UM SENHOR MUITO VELHO COM UMAS ASAS ENORMES”

The present paper proposes an analysis of the short story A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings, by Gabriel García Márquez. This short story narrates the appearance of a supposed decrepit angel in the fictionalized seaside village where Pelayo, his wife, Elisenda, and their son lived. The narrative will center around the change in the routine of the poor and hitherto monotonous village after the appearance of the mythical figure. Our analysis is a bibliographical and theoretical one and will seek to elucidate how the subjects belonging to that daily life will deal with the destabilization caused by the appearance of a mythical figure who is divine but practically incapable. We will seek to establish relationships between narrative, myth, and religion, starting from the assumption that angels are predominantly biblical figures. Our analysis will focus on the betweenness of the human and the mythical to critically elucidate the narrative.O presente trabalho propõe uma análise do conto Um senhor muito velho com umas asas enormes, de Gabriel García Márquez. O conto narra a aparição de um suposto anjo decrépito no povoado litorâneo ficcionalizado, onde viviam Pelayo, sua mulher, Elisenda, e seu filho. A narrativa se concentrará em torno da mudança na rotina do pobre e até então monótono povoado a partir da aparição da referida figura mítica. Nossa análise, de cunho teórico e bibliográfico, buscará elucidar como os sujeitos pertencentes àquele cotidiano irão lidar com a desestabilização causada pelo surgimento de uma figura mítica divina, mas praticamente incapaz. Buscaremos estabelecer relações entre a narrativa, o mito e a religião, partindo do pressuposto de que anjos são figuras predominantemente bíblicas. Nossa análise irá focar no entrelugar do humano e do mítico para elucidar criticamente a narrativa

LITERATURA E ESTÉTICA: UMA ANÁLISE LUKÁCSIANA DO CONTO O VERÃO FELIZ DA SENHORA FORBES, DE GABRIEL GARCÍA MÁRQUEZ

The present paper is based on the literary analysis of Gabriel García Márquez's short story known as Miss Forbes’s Summer of Happiness through the Lukács’s views on aesthetics. This narrative addresses the strict education imposed by a German governess on two Latin American brothers. From it, it is possible to build a pertinent literary study that, in addition to dealing with narrative aspects, proposes to work with the interdisciplinarity claimed by the narrative itself, thus, we propose a dialogue between literature and education in order to elucidate the reasons for the truculent education present in the short story and how this art expands and makes this theme sensitive. This research is a bibliographical one and as a method of general investigation uses the historical-dialectical materialism and, complementarily, the translinguistic method adopted by Chiampi (1980), which consists in orienting the text to the context.O presente trabalho parte da análise literária do conto O verão feliz da senhora Forbes, de Gabriel García Márquez, a partir da Estética de Georg Lukács. Essa narrativa aborda a rígida educação imposta por uma preceptora alemã a dois irmãos latino-americanos. A partir dela, é possível construir um estudo literário pertinente que, além de tratar de aspectos narrativos, propõe-se a trabalhar com a interdisciplinaridade reivindicada pela própria narrativa. Dessa forma, propomos um diálogo entre a literatura e a educação, de modo a elucidar os motivos da educação truculenta presente na obra e como a arte amplia e torna sensível este tema. Esta pesquisa é de cunho bibliográfico e utiliza, como método de investigação geral, o materialismo histórico-dialético e, complementarmente, o método translinguístico adotado por Chiampi (1980), que consiste em orientar o texto para o contexto

FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM A BULIMIA NERVOSA EM ADOLESCENTES: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

This study aims to verify the factors that lead an adolescent to develop Bulimia Nervosa.The research included articles published from 2011 to 2021, in Portuguese and English, comprising fields of field research and that contribute to the suggested theme.Twenty articles were found in SCIELO, 20 in LILACS and 05 in PUBMED, totaling 45 studies, of these articles found, only 08 were included in the study because they relate to the theme in question. In view of the results obtained, it is noted that society, socio-cultural factors, the media and the lack of nutritional education in schools, leads to the emergence of psychological disorders and compulsive eating, especially bulimia nervosa, which arises from social pressure and body dissatisfaction in adolescents. The media is one of the factors that must be taken into account in the development of eating disorders. The promotion of nutritional educational strategies in schools, with lectures, information leaflets, guidance from teachers and other actions, bring important information about self-acceptance, good eating habits and healthy communication with the family, which can guarantee teenagers a greater view on the emergence and consequences of eating disorders, especially bulimia nervosa.Este estudio tiene como objetivo verificar los factores que llevan a un adolescente a desarrollar Bulimia Nerviosa. La investigación incluyó artículos publicados de 2011 a 2021, en portugués e inglés, que comprenden campos de investigación de campo y que contribuyen al tema propuesto.Se encontraron 20 artículos en SCIELO, 20 en LILACS y 05 en PUBMED, totalizando 45 estudios, de estos artículos encontrados, solo 08 fueron incluidos en el estudio por relacionarse con la temática en cuestión.A la vista de los resultados obtenidos, se observa que la sociedad, los factores socioculturales, los medios de comunicación y la falta de educación nutricional en las escuelas, conduce a la aparición de trastornos psicológicos y de alimentación compulsiva, especialmente bulimia nerviosa, que surge de la presión sociale insatisfacción corporal en adolescentes. Los medios de comunicación son uno de los factores que se deben tener en cuenta en el desarrollo de los trastornos alimentarios. La promoción de estrategias de educación nutricional en las escuelas, con conferencias, folletos informativos, orientación de los docentes, entre otras acciones, aportan información importante sobre la auto aceptación del cuerpo, los buenos hábitos alimentarios y la comunicación saludable con la familia, lo que puede garantizar a los adolescentes una mayor visión de la aparición y las consecuencias de los trastornos alimentarios, especialmente la bulimia nerviosa.Esse estudo tem como objetivo verificar os fatores que levam um adolescente a desenvolver a Bulimia Nervosa. Na pesquisa foi incluso artigos publicados no período de 2011 a 2020, no idioma português e inglês, compreendendo âmbitos de pesquisa de campo e que contribuem com o tema sugerido. Foram encontrados 20 artigos na SCIELO, 20 no LILACS e 05 na PUBMED, totalizando 45 estudos, desses artigos encontrados, apenas 08 foram incluídos no estudo por relacionarem com a temática em questão. Diante dos resultados obtidos, nota-se que a sociedade, os fatores socioculturais, a mídia e a falta de educação nutricional nas escolas, leva ao surgimento de transtornos psicológicos e compulsão na alimentação, principalmente a bulimia nervosa, que surge a partir da pressão social e a insatisfação corporal nos adolescentes. A mídia é um dos fatores que deve ser levado em consideração no desenvolvimento de transtornos alimentares. A promoção de estratégias educativas nutricionais nas escolas, com palestras, folhetos informativos, orientação dos docentes entre outras ações, levam informações importantes sobre à autoaceitação corporal, bons hábitos alimentares e uma comunicação saudável com a família, podendo garantir aos adolescentes uma visão maior sobre o surgimento e as consequências dos transtornos alimentares, em especial a bulimia nervosa

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora