Hydrogeology and water management in the Arkwright underground coal mine, Pittsburgh seam, northern West Virginia

Arkwright #1 is a closed underground mine in the Pittsburgh coal seam near Morgantown, West Virginia USA. Arkwright shares perimeter boundaries/barriers with three other closed Pittsburgh seam mines (Osage #3, Jordan #93, Federal #1) and is partially overlain by flooded Sewickley seam mines, 25 m above it. This mine is significant primarily because it manages and treats water diverted from nearly 20 other closed mines over a 600 square kilometer area. This study examines water levels, pump records, and mine maps to describe the hydrogeology of Arkwright Mine. After closure in 1995, Arkwright and the adjacent northern Osage mines began to flood, each forming separate mine pools. Federal #1 and Jordan mines closed years prior and were already flooded. Pumping from the up-dip portion of Arkwright began in 2002. In 2007, water transfer by pumps from Osage to Arkwright began in the down-dip portion of Arkwright, causing a hydraulic head differential of up to 60 m between the down-dip and up-dip sub-pools of the mine. It is interpreted that a subsidence blockage had developed in Arkwright\u27s main entries, restricting flow through the mine. This blockage effectively divides Arkwright into deep and shallow sub-pools. Using water level measurements and pump records, Arkwright’s water budget was quantified over 11 non-consecutive months from 2008-2011, allowing estimation of average vertical hydraulic conductivity of interburden between Sewickley and Pittsburgh seams (2.0 x 10-8 m/s). Using results from Arkwright’s water budget, storativities of the deep (1.06 x 10-3) and shallow (1.89 x 10-3) sub-pools were also estimated. While its geometry and location are only generally known, the conductance of the blockage separating the sub-pools was estimated at 314 m2/d based on a steady-state water budget and hydraulic head differences between sub-pools. Based on all these data, MODFLOW 2000 was used to create a potentiometric surface consistent with observed water levels based on Arkwright’s water budget

Vireo song repertoires and migratory distance: Three sexual selection hypotheses fail to explain the correlation

Previous studies have found a relationship between migration and the degree of elaboration of sexually selected traits, but investigators have differed in the mechanisms they proposed to account for this association. We examined the relationship between song repertoire size and distance migrated among birds in the genus Vireo. There is a strong positive relationship between migratory distance and repertoire size in this genus, but our data do not support the specific predictions of any of the three proposed mechanisms (the “rapid pairing,” “good migrations,” and “territory lottery” hypotheses). Migration distance is presumably correlated with other life-history characteristics that influence the development of sexually selected traits

Vireo song repertoires and migratory distance: Three sexual selection hypotheses fail to explain the correlation

Previous studies have found a relationship between migration and the degree of elaboration of sexually selected traits, but investigators have differed in the mechanisms they proposed to account for this association. We examined the relationship between song repertoire size and distance migrated among birds in the genus Vireo. There is a strong positive relationship between migratory distance and repertoire size in this genus, but our data do not support the specific predictions of any of the three proposed mechanisms (the “rapid pairing,” “good migrations,” and “territory lottery” hypotheses). Migration distance is presumably correlated with other life-history characteristics that influence the development of sexually selected traits

Probing vibrational modes in silica glass using inelastic neutron scattering with mass contrast

The effective vibrational density of states (VDOS) has been derived from inelastic neutron-scattering data, for isotopically substituted Si O 18 2 and Si O 16 2 glasses, to gain information about the relative contribution to the Si and O partial VDOS. This is a necessary point of comparison for vibrational mode analyses of molecular-dynamics models. The mass contrast has led to a measurable shift between vibrational mode frequencies in the effective VDOS of Si O 18 2 and Si O 16 2, which is well reproduced in an ab initio simulation. The vibrational band centered at 100.2 meV is confirmed to have significantly lower contribution from the oxygen partial VDOS, than the higher (150.3 and 135.8 meV) and lower energy bands (53.3 meV)

Development of an Anthropometric Prediction Model for Fat-Free Mass and Muscle Mass in Elite Athletes

The monitoring of body composition is common in sports given the association with performance. Surface anthropometry is often preferred when monitoring changes for its convenience, practicality, and portability. However, anthropometry does not provide valid estimates of absolute lean tissue in elite athletes. The aim of this investigation was to develop anthropometric models for estimating fat-free mass (FFM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) using an accepted reference physique assessment technique. Sixty-four athletes across 18 sports underwent surface anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) assessment. Anthropometric models for estimating FFM and SMM were developed using forward selection multiple linear regression analysis and contrasted against previously developed equations. Most anthropometric models under review performed poorly compared with DXA. However, models derived from athletic populations such as the Withers equation demonstrated a stronger correlation with DXA estimates of FFM (r = .98). Equations that incorporated skinfolds with limb girths were more effective at explaining the variance in DXA estimates of lean tissue (Sesbreno FFM [R2 = .94] and Lee SMM [R2 = .94] models). The Sesbreno equation could be useful for estimating absolute indices of lean tissue across a range of physiques if an accepted option like DXA is inaccessible. Future work should explore the validity of the Sesbreno model across a broader range of physiques common to athletic populations

Experiences of Patients With Auditory Processing Disorder in Getting Support in Health, Education, and Work Settings: Findings From an Online Survey

OBJECTIVE: To explore the views and experiences of individuals with Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) and/or their families in getting support from services and to receive their suggestions for improvement. DESIGN: Cross-sectional random sample survey with descriptive analysis. SETTINGS: Online survey. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and fifty six individuals with APD and/or their family members from the APD Support UK patient support organization and four associated APD Facebook groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: A 16-item questionnaire on negative and positive experiences in getting a referral for diagnosis, funding for the FM system, and overall support for APD. RESULTS: The key findings that emerged included reports of difficulty in getting a referral for diagnosis (54%), obtaining funding for an FM system (45%), getting support for APD (61%), and poor recognition and awareness of APD (63%) in Education, Health or Work settings. The positive experiences reported were ease in getting a referral for diagnosis (46%), in obtaining an FM system (20%), and with diagnosis leading to help at school or to a better understanding of the condition and the required adjustments. The recommended improvement areas were raising awareness of APD and related management in Education (30%), the Health sector (25%), and the public (18%). CONCLUSIONS: Individuals and families of individuals with APD overwhelmingly report a lack of awareness of APD across health, education, and work sectors, and difficulties in getting access to diagnosis and support. This information may provide an initial understanding of the patients' needs for clinical services for APD, identify research priorities, and influence longer-term public health decisions toward improved care

The Introduction of a Multimodal Clinical Pathway for Outpatient Total Knee Arthroplasty in the Era of COVID-19

The combination of a short acting spinal and muscle-sparing regional blocks, including adductor canal and iPACK blocks, can allow for successful outpatient total knee arthroplasty.https://knowledgeconnection.mainehealth.org/lambrew-retreat-2021/1050/thumbnail.jp

Practices and perceptions of strength and conditioning in female golf: a survey study of touring professional players

The aim of the study was to provide an understanding of current practices and perceptions of strength and conditioning (S&C) training in female touring professionals. A cross-sectional, explorative survey was undertaken and contained 30 questions separated into four sections: i) general participant information, ii) S&C practices, iii) Likert scale questions on S&C for golf performance, and iv) knowledge and awareness of S&C. A total of 102 players completed the survey with a combination of multiple-choice questions (MCQs), open-ended questions, and Likert Scale style questions utilised throughout. Results showed that ≥ 94% of players believed that strength and power in both the lower and upper body, in addition to flexibility, were the most important physical characteristics to complement golf shot metrics (e.g., clubhead speed [CHS], ball speed, carry distance, etc.). However, 26% of players conducted S&C training only in the off-season, with 21% suggesting that they had a fear of injury from S&C training. When considering the barriers to undertaking S&C training, the most common reasons included time constraints (20%) and players wanting to prioritise golf practice (15%). Finally, 58% of players believed that training in the weight room should replicate the golf swing. Although it is positive to see that the main physical characteristics for golf are well-understood by professional players, it is also evident that further education and knowledge translation is required relating to the application of S&C training for performance enhancement and injury risk mitigation purposes

Insights into the Structure of Dot@Rod and Dot@Octapod CdSe@CdS Heterostructures

CdSe@CdS dot@rods with diameter around 6 nm and length of either 20, 27, or 30 nm and dot@octapods with pod diameters of ?15 nm and lengths of ?50 nm were investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. These heterostructures are prepared by seed-mediated routes, where the structure, composition, and morphology of the CdSe nanocrystals used as a seed play key roles in directing the growth of the second semiconducting domain. The local structural environment of all the elements in the CdSe@CdS heterostructures was investigated at the Cd, S, and Se K-edges by taking advantage of the selectivity of X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and was compared to pure reference compounds. We found that the structural features of dot@rods are independent of the size of the rods. These structures can be described as made of a CdSe dot and a CdS rod, both in the wurtzite phase with a high crystallinity of both the core and the rod. This result supports the effectiveness of high temperature colloidal synthesis in promoting the formation of core@shell nanocrystals with very low defectivity. On the other hand, data on the CdSe@CdS with octapod morphology suggest the occurrence of a core composed of a CdSe cubic sphalerite phase with eight pods made of CdS wurtzite phase. Our findings are compared to current models proposed for the design of functional heterostructures with controlled nanoarchitecture