Intraspecifle variability of lberispinnata L

VILLARRUBLÁ, M. J. & MORENO, M. 1993. Estudio de la variabilidad intraespecífica en Ibens pinnata L. (Cruciferae). Bot. Complutensis 18: 129-136 Se estudia la variabilidad intraespecífica de 1. pinnata. L. discutiendo la existencia de taxoBes infraespecíficos en su seno.VILLÁRUBIA, M. 1. & MORENO, M. 1993. Intraespecific variability in Iberis pinnata L. (Cruciferae). Bol. Complutensis ¡8: ¡29-136 It is studied tbe intraspecific variability of 1. pinnata L., discussing thc existence of infraspttcitic taxa

An algorithm to initialize the searchof solutions of polynomial systems

AbstractOne of the main problems dealing with iterative methods for solving polynomial systemsis the initialization of the iteration. This paper provides an algorithm to initialize the search of solutions of polynomial systems

Relation among Caregivers’ Burden, Abuse and Behavioural Disorder in People with Dementia

Dementia produces a loss of independence to carry out the activities of daily life. The great demand for care that these people need usually falls on the family through informal care. This study aims to analyse the burden showed by the informal caregiver of a person with dementia. In addition, we analyse whether this burden present in informal caregivers could be related to abusive behaviour. We also study the relationship between the stage of the disease, the appearance of behavioural disorders and the level of burden in the caregiver using the Scales of Zarit, CASE and FAST. The data showed that 45.50 per cent of caregivers have light burden or burden. After the research, it was identified that the presence of behavioural disorders in patients with dementia showed a correlation with the increase in both the main caregiver burden and abuse. An increase in the level of burden is followed by an increase in the level of abuse (r = 0.844; p = 0.000). Furthermore, we analysed several conditions that could have a correlation with this burden and abuse. It was found that burden in the caregiver could be linked with the presence of behavioural disorders, like aggression (r = 0.577; p = 0.008) and irritability (r = 0.600; p = 0.005) at the moderate stage of the disease. On the other hand, there is a positive correlation between the probability that people with dementia suffer abuse in the moderate stage of the disease and the presence of aggression (r = 0.732; p = 0.000), lack of inhibition (r = 0.571; p = 0.009) and irritability (r = 0.827; p = 0.000). Taking this data into account, burden and abuse seem to be linked to the presence of behavioural disorders in patients with dementia in the moderate stage

Procedimientos informáticos para el análisis de datos geográficos.

Sin resume

Centennial-scale vegetation and North Atlantic Oscillation changes during the Late Holocene in the southern Iberia

High-reso CE to lution pollen analysis, charcoal, non-pollen palynomorphs and magnetic susceptibility have been analyzed in the sediment record of a peat bog in Sierra Nevada in southern Iberia. The study of these proxies provided the reconstruction of vegetation, climate, fire and human activity of the last ∼4500 cal yr BP. A progressive trend towards aridification during the late Holocene is observed in this record. This trend is interrupted by millennial- and centennial-scale variability of relatively more humid and arid periods. Arid conditions are recorded between ∼4000 and 3100 cal yr BP, being characterized by a decline in arboreal pollen and with a spike in magnetic susceptibility. This is followed by a relatively humid period from ∼3100 to 1600 cal yr BP, coinciding partially with the Iberian-Roman Humid Period, and is indicated by the increase of Pinus and the decrease in xerophytic taxa. The last 1500 cal yr BP are characterized by several centennial-scale climatic oscillations. Generally arid conditions from ∼450 to 1300 CE, depicted by a decrease in Pinus and an increase in Artemisia, comprise the Dark Ages and the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Since ∼ 1300 to 1850 CE pronounced oscillations occur between relatively humid and arid conditions. Four periods depicted by relatively higher Pinus coinciding with the beginning and end of the Little Ice Age are interrupted by three arid events characterized by an increase in Artemisia. These alternating arid and humid shifts could be explained by centennial-scale changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation and solar activity

Women in Public Relations (1982-2019)

Purpose This paper aims to analyse the current literature on women in public relations to establish trends and areas of inquiry in the literature and identify research gaps for future research. Design/methodology/approach A total of 223 articles have been empirically analysed using thematic analysis to identify trends in the existing literature. The data has been coded and analysed per decade (1982–1989, 1990–1999, 2000–2009, 2010–2019). The articles have been identified by searching major journals in the field of public relations and communications, as well as snowballing from identified articles. Findings The results show that the majority of academic articles have been produced by using lived experiences of women working in the public relations industry and thus reflect the professional situation of female public relations employees. The results show that the position of women has reached a full circle in four decades of research and returned to the discriminatory work environment. Finally, the results show that a liberal feminist perspective has an advantage in the literature since the majority of works have been produced in the United States; however, there is an increase in authors calling for the use of socialist and radical feminism. Originality/value The paper provides a comprehensive literature review of works published in the field. The paper takes an empirical approach to the analysis rather than the descriptive one, which helped in identifying major trends in the research and identified a research gap for future inquiries

Enhanced gene delivery in vitro and in vivo by improved transferrin-lipoplexes

AbstractCationic liposomes and the complexes they form with DNA (lipoplexes) constitute the most promising alternative to the use of viral vectors for gene therapy. One of the limitations to their application in vivo, however, is the inhibition of gene delivery by serum. In a previous study, we demonstrated that transferrin (Tf)-lipoplexes were superior to plain lipoplexes in transfecting HeLa cells in the presence of high concentrations of serum. With the goal of obtaining efficient gene expression in vivo, we evaluated the efficacy of Tf-lipoplexes (containing DOTAP and cholesterol) in transfecting primary hepatocytes and adipocytes in the presence of high serum concentrations. The association of transferrin with cationic liposomes increased luciferase expression compared to plain lipoplexes in primary cells as well as in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes. The complexes were not cytotoxic and were highly effective in protecting DNA from attack by DNase I. An efficient and reliable method was developed to prepare lipoplexes containing both Tf and protamine sulfate, where the latter was mixed with transferrin, followed by the addition of cationic liposomes and DNA. The resulting protamine-Tf-lipoplexes increased significantly the levels of gene expression in cultured cells and in various tissues in mice following i.v. administration

Objective Quantification of Posterior Capsule Opacification after Cataract Surgery, with Optical Coherence Tomography

PURPOSE: To evaluate posterior capsule opacification (PCO) in humans after cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, by using optical coherence tomography (OCT-1). METHODS: Sixty-six eyes with PCO and 20 eyes with a normal posterior capsule were analyzed. A 3-mm-long horizontal scan of the posterior capsule was obtained. Measurements at three points and their average were recorded. Intraoperator and interoperator reliabilities were assessed. Investigated was peak intensity (PI) and posterior capsule thickening (PCT), with PCT indicating the distance between two reflectivity spikes, with an approximate axial resolution of 10 microm. Results were compared with visual acuity (VA) and PCO type. RESULTS: Intraoperator reliability was 0.59 and 0.97 for average PI and PCT, respectively. The interoperator concordance correlation coefficient was 0.70 and 0.82 for average PI and PCT, respectively. Median (interquartile range) intensities of the reflectivity spike were 16.88 (dB) (range, 12.88-20.41) and 11.9 (8.58-14.28), respectively, in the PCO and control eyes (P = 0.001). PCT was found in PCO eyes (median: 86.13 microm; range, 46.33-115.33), whereas no second spike appeared in control eyes (P = 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the average PCT for differentiating pearl-type from fibrosis-type PCO was 0.87 (P = 0.001). For a cutoff point of 55.3 microm, the sensitivity was 97.5%, and the specificity was 69%. Worse VA correlated significantly only with larger PCT (r(o) = 0.66; P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: OCT-1 appears useful to quantitate PCO. In addition, this system seems to discriminate between different types of PCO. PCT may be a previously unrecognized factor in VA degradation

Field efficacy of acaricides against Varroa destructor

Field trials were conducted in Northeast Spain (Aragón) to evaluate the effectiveness of two acaricides against Varroa destructor. These experiments took into account the season of the year, apiary, colony, and developmental state and strength of the colony. The acaricides used were a synthetic (amitraz, Apivar®) and a natural (formulated from Api Life Var®, thymol oil and thymol alcohol) product. The treatments used in the present study reduce high infestations of V. destructor, although they do not eliminate the infestation. Similar efficacies between treatments were found. Nevertheless, the efficacy of a treatment depends on the apiary where applied. Moreover, the detected variability in the apiary and hive poses a challenge to the identification of the significant factors. Therefore, more field studies to assess efficacies in several apiaries are needed to obtain a better understanding of the effects of the applied treatments