Testing the hypothesis of acquired aminoglycoside resistance in ralstonia spp.

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Prevalência de fatores de risco coronariano em praticantes de futebol recreacional

Verificar a prevalência dos fatores de risco coronariano em praticantes de futebol recreacional e comparar o risco coronariano de acordo com a faixa etária. Avaliaram- se 201 homens que praticavam futebol recreacionalmente, com idade média de 25.3 ± 6.0 anos. Todos responderam ao questionário RISKO, que é um questionário contendo 8 fatores de risco, sendo o risco coronariano representado pela soma dos escores obtidos nos 8 fatores de risco. O tratamento estatístico constou da exploração descritiva e da ANOVA oneway, com post hoc Tuckey, para comparação entre as faixas etárias. Adotou- se um nível de significância de p < 0.05. O escore médio de risco coronariano encontrado foi de 18.22 ± 3.49 pontos (12- 29 pontos), classificado como risco médio. Em relação às faixas etárias o risco coronariano médio obtido foi de: 16.58 ± 3.11 pontos para os indivíduos entre 18- 20 anos; 18.21 ± 3.08 pontos para aqueles entre 21- 30 anos; 20.58 ± 3.89 pontos para os sujeitos entre 31- 40 anos; e 21.00 ± 4.53 para aqueles com idade superior a 40 anos. Em relação a cada fator de risco isoladamente, as prevalências observadas, em ordem decrescente, foram: excesso de peso (44.78%), sedentarismo (38.31%), hipercolesterolemia (24.38%), tabagismo (17.41%), hereditariedade (12.94%) e hipertensão (8.46%). Os fatores de risco coronariano mais prevalentes nos praticantes de futebol recreacional foram o excesso de peso, o sedentarismo e a hipercolesterolemia, apresentando classificação de risco médio e crescimento com o aumento da idade, sobretudo após os 31 anos.Investigar la prevalencia de factores de riesgo coronario en jugadores recreacionales de fútbol y comparar el riesgo coronario según grupo de edad. Métodos: Se evaluaron 201 hombres que practicaban fútbol de forma recreativa, con edad media de 25.3 ± 6.0 años. Todos respondieron el cuestionario RISKO, que contiene 8 factores de riesgo y representándose el riesgo coronario por la suma de las puntuaciones obtenidas en los 8 factores. El análisis estadístico incluyó descripción de los datos y ANOVA one way, con post hoc Tukey, para comparaciones entre grupos de edad, con nivel de significación de p < 0.05. Se encontró una media de puntuación de riesgo coronario de 18.22 ± 3.49 puntos (12- 29 puntos), que se clasifica como riesgo medio. En cuanto a grupos de edad el riesgo coronario reportado fue de 16.58 ± 3.11 puntos para los individuos del grupo 18- 20 años, 18.21 ± 3.08 puntos para 21- 30 años, 20.58 ± 3.89 puntos para 31- 40 años, y 21.00 ± 4.53 para los mayores de 40 años. Para cada factor de riesgo, la prevalencia observada, en orden descendente, fue: sobrepeso (44.78%), inactividad física (38.31%), hipercolesterolemia (24.38%), tabaquismo (17.41%), herencia (12.94%) e hipertensión (8.46%). Los factores de riesgo coronario de mayor prevalencia en los jugadores recreacionales de fútbol fueron la inactividad física, el sobrepeso y la hipercolesterolemia, con una clasificación de riesgo medio y con aumento del riesgo con la edad, especialmente después de 31 años.To determine the prevalence of coronary risk factors in recreational soccer players and compare the coronary risk according to age. Methods: 201 men who practiced soccer recreationally eere evaluated, with a mean age of 25.26 ± 5.96 years. All individuals answered the questionnaire RISKO, which is a questionnaire containing eight risk factors. The coronary risk is represented by the sum of the scores obtained in the eight risk factors. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive exploration and one way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey, to compare coronary risk between age groups. We adopted a significance level of p < 0.05. The mean coronary risk was 18.22 ± 3.49 points (12- 29 points), classified as medium risk. Regarding age groups the mean coronary risk obtained was: 16.58 ± 3.11 points for individuals between 18 and 20 years; 18.21 ± 3.08 points for those between 21 and 30 years, 20.58 ± 3.89 points for subjects between 31 and 40 years, and 21.00 ± 4.53 for those aged over 40 years. For each risk factor, the prevalence observed in descending order, was: overweight (44.78%), physical inactivity (38.31%), hypercholesterolemia (24.38%), smoking (17.41%), inheritance (12.94%) and hypertension (8.46%). The coronary risk factors more prevalent in recreational soccer players were overweight, physical inactivity and hypercholesterolemia, showing increased with increasing age, especially after 31 years

Synthesis of titanate nanofibers co-sensitized with ZnS and Bi2S3 nanocrystallites and their application on pollutants removal

The synthesis of nanocomposite materials combining titanate nanofibers (TNF) with nanocrystalline ZnS and Bi2S3 semiconductors is described in this work. The TNF were produced via hydrothermal synthesis and sensitized with the semiconductor nanoparticles, through a single-source precursor decomposition method. ZnS and Bi2S3 nanoparticles were successfully grown onto the TNF's surface and Bi2S3-ZnS/TNF nanocomposite materials with different layouts were obtained using either a layer-by-layer or a co-sensitization approach. The samples' photocatalytic performance was first evaluated through the production of the hydroxyl radical using terephthalic acid as probe molecule. All the tested samples show photocatalytic ability for the production of this oxidizing species. Afterwards, the samples were investigated for the removal of methylene blue. The nanocomposite materials with best adsorption ability for the organic dye were the ZnS/TNF and Bi2S3ZnS/TNF. The removal of the methylene blue was systematically studied, and the most promising results were obtained considering a sequential combination of an adsorption-photocatalytic degradation process using the Bi2S3ZnS/TNF powder as a highly adsorbent and photocatalyst material.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figure

Metabolic Alterations in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice: Effects of Prior Physical Exercise

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induces significant reduction of the body mass concomitant to sickness behavior and anorexia. We investigated whether regular physical exercise prevents metabolic alterations associated with loss of the body mass occurring during an EAE inflammatory peak. Female C57BL/6 mice were assigned to the unexercised and exercise-trained groups. In four weeks, EAE was induced in half of the animals in each group, and the exercise protocol was maintained onto 10 days post-induction (10 dpi) completing 6 weeks of regular exercise (forced swimming). At 14 dpi, the relative mass of metabolic tissues, serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and glucose, glycogen contents in the muscle and liver, and muscle levels of cytokines were measured. A significantly decreased clinical score associated with attenuation of the body mass loss in exercised EAE animals, as compared to the non-exercised ones, were observed. The associated metabolic parameters were not modified by this approach, although negative correlations between some parameters and clinical score at 14 dpi were observed. Although the prior program of aerobic exercise is capable of decreasing clinical score and body mass loss, it is not sufficient to crucially modify metabolic outcomes associated with inflammation at the EAE peak.Експериментальний аутоімунний енцефаломієліт (ЕАЕ) викликає істотне зменшення маси тіла, зумовлене хворобливою поведінкою та анорексією. Ми досліджували, чи можуть регулярні фізичні вправи запобігати метаболічним змінам і втраті маси тіла в перебігу запального періоду ЕАЕ. Миші-самиці лінії C57BL/6 були поділені на «нетреновану» та «треновану» групи. Через чотири тижні у половини тварин кожної групи індукували ЕАЕ, і протокол тренувань підтримувався ще 10 днів після індукції цього захворювання. Як тренування використовували примусове плавання. На 14-й день після індукції ЕАЕ у відповідній групі всі миші піддавались евтаназії; вимірювали відносну масу метаболічнозалежних тканин, рівні тригліцеридів, холестеролу та глюкози в сироватці крові, вміст глікогену в м’язах та печінці та рівні цитокінів у м’язах. У «тренованих» тварин з ЕАЕ виявлялося вірогідне зменшення оцінки інтенсивності захворювання порівняно з відповідним значенням у «нетренованих» мишей; це було асоційоване з обмеженням втрати маси тіла. У використаному варіанті експерименту зміни метаболічних параметрів у «тренованих» і «нетренованих» тварин істотно не розрізнялись, але на 14-й день спостерігалися негативні кореляції між деякими параметрами та клінічними оцінками. Отже, програма попереднього аеробного тренування здатна забезпечувати зменшення як клінічної інтенсивності ЕАЕ, так і відносної втрати маси тіла. Проте цей захід не є достатнім, щоб кардинально модифікувати метаболічні наслідки, пов’язані із запаленням на максимумі ЕАЕ

Variação de matéria seca e de nutrientes nas folhas e nos frutos, produção de ácido ascórbico e suco, em seis cultivares de citros, durante um ciclo

De uma plantação de citros, com os cultivares T. Cravo (Citrus reticulata Blanco), L.Hamlin (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), T. Murcott (Citrus reticulata Blanco x Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), L. Natal (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, L. Valencia (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) e L. Pera (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), situada na "Fazenda Sete Lagoas", no município de Mogi-Guaçu (22&deg; 22% 46&deg; 56'W.Gr.), em Latossolo Vermelho amarelo, fase arenosa, foram coletados frutos 30 dias após florescimento, até a idade da coleta comercial. No material coletado, foram determinadas a variação da matéria seca, a concentração dos macro e micronutrientes nas folhas adjacentes ao fruto, a extração de macro e micronutríentes pelos frutos, a produção de suco (ml) por fruto e a concentração de ácido ascórbico (mg/100 ml de suco). Concluiu-se que: 1. O aumento da matéria seca, intensifica-se a partir do segundo mês apos o florescimento; 2. Com exceção da T. Cravo, ocorre uma diminuição na produção de matéria seca no final do ciclo; 3. A concentração dos macro e micronutrientes nas folhas apresenta oscilações durante o desenvolvimento do fruto; 4. A ordem decrescente de extração de nutrientes é: K, N, Ca, Mg, P = S, Fe, B, Zn, Mn, Cu; 5. A capacidade de exportação de nutrientes pelos cultivares é, em ordem decrescente: L. Pera, L. Hamlin = T. Cravo, T. Murcott, L. Valencia, L. Natal; 6. A quantidade de suco produzido por fruto, oscila entre 43 a 95 ml; 7. A concentração de ácido ascórbico (mg/100 ml de suco), varia entre 30 a 95

Effects of cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine bromide on chronic chagasic cardiomyopathic mice

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of an anticholinesterase agent, pyridostigmine bromide (Pyrido), on experimental chronic Chagas heart disease in mice. To this end, male C57BL/6J mice noninfected (control:Con) or chronically infected (5 months) with Trypanosoma cruzi (chagasic:Chg) were treated or not (NT) with Pyrido for one month. At the end of this period, electrocardiogram (ECG); cardiac autonomic function; heart histopathology; serum cytokines; and the presence of blood and tissue parasites by means of immunohistochemistry and PCR were assessed. In NT-Chg mice, significant changes in the electrocardiographic, autonomic, and cardiac histopathological profiles were observed confirming a chronic inflammatory response. Treatment with Pyrido in Chagasic mice caused a significant reduction of myocardial inflammatory infiltration, fibrosis, and hypertrophy, which was accompanied by a decrease in serum levels of IFN\u3b3 with no change in IL-10 levels, suggesting a shift of immune response toward an anti-inflammatory profile. Lower nondifferent numbers of parasite DNA copies were observed in both treated and nontreated chagasic mice. In conclusion, our findings confirm the marked neuroimmunomodulatory role played by the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system in the evolution of the inflammatory-immune response to T. cruzi during experimental chronic Chagas heart disease in mice