O uso de atividades lúdicas como ferramenta motivadora para o ensino da Tabela Periódica na Educação de Jovens e Adultos.

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SYBR Green-based Real-Time PCR targeting kinetoplast DNA can be used to discriminate between the main etiologic agents of Brazilian cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Leishmaniases control has been hampered by the unavailability of rapid detection methods and the lack of suitable therapeutic and prophylactic measures. Accurate diagnosis, which can distinguish between <it>Leishmania </it>isolates, is essential for conducting appropriate prognosis, therapy and epidemiology. Molecular methods are currently being employed to detect <it>Leishmania </it>infection and categorize the parasites up to genus, complex or species level. Real-time PCR offers several advantages over traditional PCR, including faster processing time, higher sensitivity and decreased contamination risk.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A SYBR Green real-time PCR targeting the conserved region of kinetoplast DNA minicircles was able to differentiate between <it>Leishmania </it>subgenera. A panel of reference strains representing subgenera <it>Leishmania </it>and <it>Viannia </it>was evaluated by the derivative dissociation curve analyses of the amplified fragment. Distinct values for the average melting temperature were observed, being 78.95°C ± 0.01 and 77.36°C ± 0.02 for <it>Leishmania </it>and <it>Viannia</it>, respectively (p < 0.05). Using the Neighbor-Joining method and Kimura 2-parameters, the alignment of 12 sequences from the amplified conserved minicircles segment grouped together <it>L</it>. (<it>V</it>.) <it>braziliensis </it>and <it>L</it>. (<it>V</it>.) <it>shawii </it>with a bootstrap value of 100%; while for <it>L</it>. (<it>L</it>.) <it>infantum </it>and <it>L</it>. (<it>L</it>.) <it>amazonensis</it>, two groups were formed with bootstrap values of 100% and 62%, respectively. The lower dissociation temperature observed for the subgenus <it>Viannia </it>amplicons could be due to a lower proportion of guanine/cytosine sites (43.6%) when compared to species from subgenus <it>Leishmania </it>(average of 48.4%). The method was validated with 30 clinical specimens from visceral or cutaneous leishmaniases patients living in Brazil and also with DNA samples from naturally infected <it>Lutzomyia </it>spp. captured in two Brazilian localities.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>For all tested samples, a characteristic amplicon melting profile was evidenced for each <it>Leishmania </it>subgenus, corroborating the data from reference strains. Therefore, the analysis of thermal dissociation curves targeting the conserved kinetoplast DNA minicircles region is able to provide a rapid and reliable method to identify the main etiologic agents of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases in endemic regions of Brazil.</p

Use of BODIPY-Labeled ATP Analogues in the Development and Validation of a Fluorescence Polarization-Based Assay for Screening of Kinase Inhibitors

Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. The screening of compound libraries to identify small-molecule modulators of specific biological targets is crucial in the process for the discovery of novel therapeutics and molecular probes. Considering the need for simple single-tool assay technologies with which one could monitor "all" kinases, we developed a fluorescence polarization (FP)-based assay to monitor the binding capabilities of protein kinases to ATP. We used BODIPY ATP-y-S as a probe to measure the shift in the polarization of a light beam when passed through the sample. We were able to optimize the assay using commercial Protein Kinase A (PKA) and H7 efficiently inhibited the binding of the probe when added to the reaction. Furthermore, we were able to employ the assay in a high-throughput fashion and validate the screening of a set of small molecules predicted to dock into the ATP-binding site of PKA. This will be useful to screen larger libraries of compounds that may target protein kinases by blocking ATP binding

Impact of Fisheries on Allis Shad's (Alosa alosa L.) Spawning Population Structure in the Mondego River

Allis shad (Alosa alosa L.) populations have suffered declines and even regional extinction across their distribution range, mainly due to river impoundment, overexploitation, and pollution. In Portugal, the species is classified as Endangered (EN). This fish is regarded as a valuable delicacy, and commercial fisheries dedicated to this species in Portugal are found in rivers in Minho, Lima, Cávado, Douro, Vouga, Mondego, Tagus, and Guadiana. Official landings state that, in the last 10 years, around 10 t of allis shad were sold annually at the Figueira da Foz fish market. Fisheries are selective since the allowed mesh size for the nets employed does not capture smaller fish. Moreover, larger fish are more desirable, attaining higher prices per kg at fish auctions and thus generating higher revenue for the fishermen. The fishing pressure on this threatened resource in the Mondego is significant and bound to impact its population structure. With the present work, we assess the impact of fishing pressure and gear selectivity on the dimensional structure of the Mondego's shad spawning population, one of the last strongholds for allis shads, and identify possible consequences for the future of the species. The dimensional structure and gender proportion of over 800 shads sampled at Figueira da Foz fish auction from 2015 to 2019 was analyzed. All shads sampled were between 400 mm and 745 mm in total length, with an average of 592 mm. Simultaneously, we used images recorded in the monitoring window at Açude-Ponte Dam's fishway in Coimbra to study the shads reaching the upstream spawning areas in order to check for differences in the dimensional structure possibly related to fishing pressure. The results obtained aim to increase the existing biological knowledge of this population and the human pressure it is subjected to, thus contributing to future management efforts

A New Perspective for Vineyard Terroir Identity: Looking for Microbial Indicator Species by Long Read Nanopore Sequencing

Grapevine is one of the most important fruit crops worldwide, being Portugal one of the top wine producers. It is well established that wine sensory characteristics from a particular region are defined by the physiological responses of the grapevine to its environment and thus, the concept of terroir in viticulture was established. Among all the factors that contribute to terroir definition, soil microorganisms play a major role from nutrient recycling to a drastic influence on plant fitness (growth and protection) and of course wine production. Soil microbiome from four different terroirs in Quinta dos Murças vineyard was analysed through long-read Oxford Nanopore sequencing. We have developed an analytical pipeline that allows the identification of function, ecologies, and indicator species based on long read sequencing data. The Douro vineyard was used as a case study, and we were able to establish microbiome signatures of each terroir.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hypertension : prevalence and pathophysiologic mechanisms

A prevalência de hipertensão arterial, agravo de saúde com distribuição internacional, também é alta em Porto Alegre. Seus fatores de risco – obesidade, predisposição familiar, consumo abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas – foram encontrados em estudos epidemiológicos conduzidos pela unidade de Hipertensão Arterial, ao lado do risco independente propiciado por baixo nível socioeconômico, um aspecto que merece investigações específicas. A interação entre história familiar de hipertensão arterial e consumo aumentado de cloreto de sódio é um mecanismo fisiopatogênico da doença identificado em modelo experimental e em indivíduos jovens vivendo na comunidade. O consumo abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas pode aumentar a pressão arterial nas fases de depuração do etanol, como se demonstrou, sob condições experimentais, em jovens voluntários normotensos e em indivíduos vivendo em comunidades. Exposições ambientais ao excesso de sal, calorias e álcool explicam grande parte dos casos de hipertensão arterial.Arterial hypertension, which is a cardiovascular risk factor with a worldwide distribution, is highly prevalent in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Risk factors for hypertension – obesity, familial predisposition, abusive intake of alcoholic beverages – were identified in epidemiological studies carried out by the hypertension unit at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. The independent risk for hypertension resulting from low socioeconomic level requires further investigation. An interaction between familial predisposition to arterial hypertension and higher salt intake is a pathophysiologic mechanism of the disease, identified in experimental models and in free-living individuals. Abusive consumption of alcoholic beverages may increase blood pressure during the vanishing period, a mechanism demonstrated, under experimental conditions, in young normotensive volunteers, and in free living-individuals. Excessive consumption of calories, salt and alcohol explains the incidence of most cases of arterial hypertension

IDENTIFYING FEBRILE HUMANS USING INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY SCREENING: POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS DURING COVID-19 OUTBREAK

Since the first case of COVID-19 reported at late 2019, it has quickly spread throughout the world and became a pandemic. Because of its high transmission rate, COVID-19 is a huge threat to public health worldwide. Fever is a common symptom of patients with severe acute respiratory syndromes (SARS), including the COVID-19 disease. Infrared thermography (IT) is widely used to mass-screen the skin temperature of people in crowded places, such as hospitals and airports. This is of importance for patients and health professionals as it drastically decreases the risk of transmission due to the minimal contact between the evaluator and the subject. Infrared thermography strategy has already been widely used for the screening of febrile people during the outbreak of other pandemics such as H1N1 and Ebola.  We here describe the potential of IT to identify febrile people who may be infected with COVID-19 and provide recommendations for their monitoring and management during this pandemic based on literature data

The Team Of The Family Health Strategy And The Doctrinal Principles Of The Unified Health System: Perceptions And Applicability

Introduction:&nbsp;The SUS, which was guaranteed by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 and regulated by organic laws of health, offers a system governed of doctrinal principles (universality, fairness and completeness) concerning the philosophy of the system and extend the concept of health and the right to it.&nbsp;On the promotion of these principles, the municipalization of health is referred to as a policy of decentralization which incorporates basic health attention, permeated by the principles of the SUS, where inserts in this context the basic health units (UBS) that are entrance doors of the population to the system.&nbsp;When considering that the proposals brought by the family health strategy (FHS) are great potential to restructure the welfare model and the Organization of health services, and these proposals based on the principles governing the SUS, becomes essential, inter alia, that the worker member of this team have involvement and knowledge of the project, as well as on its goals and principles governing it. Objective:&nbsp;Check the knowledge and promotion of doctrinal principles of the SUS by active team of FHS in the town of Juazeiro do Norte in the State of Ceará (CE), Brazil.&nbsp; Method:&nbsp;This work deals with a transversal nature study exploratory, qualitative approach.&nbsp;The survey was conducted in the family health strategy of the city of Juazeiro do Norte-CE, with top level professionals (physician, nurses and dentists) who work on units during the collection period.&nbsp;The collection was performed through a semi structured interview and the data analyzed by means of the collective subject discourse.&nbsp;This study was submitted to the Ethics Committee of the College Lion Sa, having the opinion of approved (nº: 1.067.638).&nbsp; Results:&nbsp;the results showed that the professionals have demonstrated no knowledge of, nor promote some doctrinal principles of the SUS coherently.&nbsp;The knowledge that they have are fragmented and incipient, and Praxis (theory combined with practice) is still far from being achieved.&nbsp; Conclusion:&nbsp;The findings of this research show gaps as the promotion of the principles of the SUS by professionals who act.&nbsp;The ineffective knowledge on how SUS is organized and on what basis rests, leads to improper practices, making deployment and consolidation process. &nbsp; Keywords:&nbsp;Doctrinal Principles of the SUS.&nbsp;Unified health system.&nbsp;The family health strategy

A INFLUÊNCIA DOS ENUNCIADOS E DOS MATERIAIS NO ENSINO DA ANÁLISE COMBINATÓRIA PARA ALUNOS SURDOS E PARA ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL

O presente trabalho é um recorte de um estudo mais amplo, no qual foram adaptadas e aplicadas cerca de vinte atividades de análise combinatória para alunos com deficiência visual e para alunos surdos. Algumas atividades foram desenvolvidas pelos autores e outras adaptadas de livros didáticos e artigos. Temos como objetivos detalhar a aplicação e discutir a influência dos recursos e da formulação dos enunciados na resolução de dois problemas. Os percursos metodológicos incluíram as etapas de produção e adaptação de materiais; aplicação das atividades com apresentação em Libras (Língua Brasileira de Sinais); e discussão dos resultados observados. Corroborando com os referenciais pesquisados, foi possível concluir a importância da apresentação dos enunciados dos problemas em Libras e utilização de recursos visuais que facilitassem seu entendimento para os surdos, bem como a utilização de materiais táteis que pudessem permitir aos alunos com deficiência visual compreender os problemas, assim como auxiliar na resolução dos mesmos