Educational Inequality in Argentina: The best and worst performers.

What do we know about inequality in educational attainment across Argentina's cities? To answer this question, we present the education Gini coefficient for the period 2002-2007. Using microdata from the national household survey, we document the following results. First, educational inequality has declined in almost all metropolitan areas whereas i t has increased in Posadas, Mar del Plata, Rosario and Formosa. Second, although there are no important differences in the average years of schooling across cities, great disparities exist with respect to the education Gini. Buenos Aires City is in a leading position, especially in relation to the northeast region of the country and, particularly, Posadas city.Gini, Inequality, Bootstrap

Teaching-Learning Materials (TLM’S) to Promote Meaningful Learning in an EFL Young-Learner Group at a Public School in Medellín

This Project was carried out at Institución Educativa Concejo de Medellín, Pichincha Branch, in a 4th grade classroom in Medellín, Colombia. The main purpose was to promote Meaningful learning in an EFL young learner group through the use of different Teaching Learning Materials. Some school's calendar activities influenced in the application project. Nevertheless, the activities planned in this particular context based on TLM's could be carried out, leaving significant results in the field of motivation and meaningful student's learning

School-entry Eligibility Effects in Developing Countries

This dissertation focuses on the exogenously induced discontinuity that is observed in educational indicators as a result of school-entry age regulations. It has been conducted in response to the research gap in low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC) in terms of school-entry law effects. I present three empirical analyses for Peru based on data sets with information on the exact date of birth-- the 2017 Population Census, the National Household Survey (ENAHO), the National Demographics and Health Survey (ENDES), and the 2010 University Student Census. Discontinuity-based estimates shed light on the school eligibility effects on educational attainment, the effect of preschool attendance on maternal labor supply, and the effect of school-entry laws on college enrollment delay

The Neogene Savannas of North America : A Retrospective Analysis on Artiodactyl Faunas

Savanna-like ecosystems were present at high latitudes in North America during much of the Neogene. Present-day African savannas, like the Serengeti, have been proposed to be modern analogs of these paleosavannas, particularly those from the middle Miocene of the Great Plains region of the United States. Both these extant and extinct savannas contain a preponderance of artiodactyl (even-toed ungulate) species; however, the taxonomic composition of each fauna is different. While present-day African savannas are dominated by ruminants (primarily bovids), the Neogene savannas of North America were dominated by a diversity of both camelid and non-bovid ruminant families. This study provides a quantitative test of the similarity of the artiodactyl faunas of the North American Neogene paleosavannas to those of the modern-day African savannas. A correspondence analysis of ecomorphological features revealed considerable overlap between modern and fossil faunas. The morphospace occupation of the extinct North American ruminants falls within that of the African bovids. Some of the extinct camelids also fall within this same morphospace, but many do not, perhaps indicating an environmental difference such as greater aridity in Neogene North America. The diversity and disparity of artiodactyl faunas through the Neogene of North America changed along with changing temperatures and precipitation regimes. The taxonomic and ecomorphological diversity of the Serengeti ruminant fauna is statistically comparable to those North American paleofaunas occurring during or immediately after the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO), but the later, more depauperate faunas are no longer comparable. This study quantitatively analyzes artiodactyl communities as they changed with the cooling and drying trend seen during the Neogene.Peer reviewe

A Benefit-Cost Analysis of City Connects

Schools have historically and increasingly played an important role in providing services to meet students’ social and emotional, family, health, and academic needs. Coordinating these services in a way that is strategically aligned with a school’s academic mission and that efficiently addresses the needs of all students is often challenging and costly. This study is an initial investigation of Boston College’s City Connects program, which supports students and schools by evaluating the needs of all students in a school and connecting them to services that are largely provided by community partner organizations. The program aims to help students by connecting them with an individualized set of services to address their academic, social/emotional, family, and health needs. The program also aims to assist schools by connecting them with community agencies and service providers, and streamlining student support referral and management to make the process of providing comprehensive approaches to supporting student learning more strategic and efficient. Prior research has shown evidence of effectiveness of City Connects in terms of increased achievement and educational attainment relative to similar schools that have not implemented the program (City Connects Progress Report, 2014; Walsh, et al., 2014a; 2014b). These positive effects must be weighed against the program’s costs in a benefit-cost analysis to determine whether the program is a worthwhile social investment. This report shows that City Connects provides a whole-school comprehensive service at relatively low cost to the schools—schools themselves only bear about 10% of the core costs of the program. However, the methodological complexity of this work is entailed in the estimation of the total cost when considering the partnerships with community organizations. The results show that the total cost of six years of participation in City Connects from kindergarten through fifth grade (the dosage under which effects were measured) is $4,570 per student, which includes a portion of the costs of the community partner services received by the students in City Connects schools. Depending on what share of the community partner services are considered to be above and beyond the baseline level, the total cost estimate can range from$1,540 to $9,320 per student. Under the model that is most plausible based on implementation data, the benefit-cost ratio is 3.0 and the net benefits are$9,280 per student. This result implies that providing the program to a cohort of 100 students over six years would cost society $457,000 but yield$1,385,000 in social benefits, for a net benefit of $928,000. Even under the most conservative assumptions regarding costs and benefits, the program’s benefits exceed its costs. Sensitivity tests show that the benefit-cost ratio lies somewhere between 1 and 11.8, with a best estimate of$3.00 in benefits per dollar of cost. Further research can investigate the relationship between the program, schools, and community partners and how services provided by partners compare in treatment versus comparison schools

Psychology in Latin America: Legacies and Contributions. Part 3

The purpose of this series is to advance the dissemination of psychological knowledge generated in Latin America and the Caribbean in an effort to balance the predominant influence and presence of European psychology and, more recently, Asian psychology, in the U.S.A. This is the third and final part of a series discussing the Interamerican Society of Psychology (www.sipsych.org), known as SIP (for the acronym of its name in Spanish, Sociedad Interamericana de Psicología) and featuring the Spanish or Portuguese speaking psychologists distinguished with the Interamerican Psychology Award. Every two years, SIP’s board of directors, in consultation with nominations from SIP’s membership, grants an award to an English or French speaking psychologist and another to a Spanish or Portuguese speaking psychologist1 whose work has advanced psychology as a science and profession in the Americas.Fil: Consoli, Andres J.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Morgan Consoli, Melisa L.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Klappenbach, Hugo Alberto Arturo. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Ciencias Computacionales, Cognitivas, Psicológicas y Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Scheltzer, Joshua. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Romero Morales, Ana. University of California; Estados Unido

Development and Validation of a Computational Model Ensemble for the Early Detection of BCRP/ABCG2 Substrates during the Drug Design Stage

Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) is an ATP-dependent efflux transporter linked to the multidrug resistance phenomenon in many diseases such as epilepsy and cancer and a potential source of drug interactions. For these reasons, the early identification of substrates and nonsubstrates of this transporter during the drug discovery stage is of great interest. We have developed a computational nonlinear model ensemble based on conformational independent molecular descriptors using a combined strategy of genetic algorithms, J48 decision tree classifiers, and data fusion. The best model ensemble consists in averaging the ranking of the 12 decision trees that showed the best performance on the training set, which also demonstrated a good performance for the test set. It was experimentally validated using the ex vivo everted rat intestinal sac model. Five anticonvulsant drugs classified as nonsubstrates for BRCP by the model ensemble were experimentally evaluated, and none of them proved to be a BCRP substrate under the experimental conditions used, thus confirming the predictive ability of the model ensemble. The model ensemble reported here is a potentially valuable tool to be used as an in silico ADME filter in computer-aided drug discovery campaigns intended to overcome BCRP-mediated multidrug resistance issues and to prevent drug−drug interactions.Facultad de Ciencias ExactasLaboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Bioactivo

Estrategias de marketing para la exportación de gulupa en la Asociación de Productores de Frutos Ecológicos, Querocoto, Cajamarca

La presente tesis titulada “Estrategias de marketing para la exportación de gulupa en la Asociación de Productores de Frutos Ecológicos, Querocoto, Cajamarca”, tiene como objetivo general: Proponer estrategias de marketing para lograr la exportación de gulupa en la Asociación de Productores de Frutos Ecológicos, Querocoto, Cajamarca, que permitió identificar que estrategias de marketing eran viables para la exportación de gulupa de la asociación. La población y muestra de este estudio estuvo formada por el Presidente de la Asociación, las instituciones dedicadas a estudios de mercado y los especialistas de marketing y exportación respectivamente. Para la recopilación de información se utilizó dos entrevistas, la primera permitió diagnosticar la situación actual de la asociación y la segunda para diseñar estrategias de marketing a aplicar; por consiguiente, se utilizó una guía de análisis documental que permitió determinar el país potencial para la exportación de gulupa. Se llegó a la conclusión que la asociación tiene una oferta exportable viable hacia Países Bajos, país potencial para la exportación de gulupa, el cual cuenta con una gran demanda del producto y abarca la mayor participación del mercado de importación del mismo, ofreciendo grandes oportunidades debido a su arduo crecimiento. Por otro lado, la asociación demuestra debilidades como carencias de financiamiento, y de conocimientos en la utilización de instrumentos de inteligencia de mercado y la ausencia de maquinarias y tecnología, que les impide realizar actividades comerciales en el exterior, por lo cual se busca intensificar su producción y contar con un área comercial que brinde las herramientas necesarias. Después de haber concluido la investigación y analizado los factores, se afirmó la hipótesis de que las estrategias de marketing permitirán la exportación de gulupa de la asociación

Takayasu Arteritis: Review in Pediatrics

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is classified as a large-vessel vasculitis, and it primarily affects the aorta and principal branches. The clinical presentation in pediatric patients is odd and there are few literature about it because of its low incidence and nonspecific clinical presentation. The standardized diagnosis of TA is by imaging support, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). When using CT, angio-CT is recommended because it will allow us to observe the caliber of the arteries, wall changes, and level of stenosis. The study should include the aortic arch, abdominal aorta, visceral branches, and iliac arteries taking into account that the mainly affected arteries are the left subclavian, abdominal aorta, right renal artery, and descending chest aorta. In the same way in the study, four imaging patterns of TA can be identified: variable decrease in the luminal diameter of the aorta and arteries, total occlusion, fusiform and saccular aneurysm, and irregular contour of the aortic wall. Identifying TA findings is important for early diagnosis, medical management, and proper monitoring specifically in pediatric patients where literature is little available

Informe Practica Empresarial "Equivida".

La seguridad y salud en el trabajo es responsabilidad de todos y cada uno de los trabajadores EQUIVIDA, Quienes con su compromiso de auto-cuidado en salud y el firme apoyo de la empresa posibilitan la prevención del riesgo laboral, es decir impedir la ocurrencia de accidentes de trabajo y la exposición al factor de riesgo y desarrollo de la enfermedad laboral. De igual manera, contribuyen al control total de pérdidas no solamente en la salud del trabajador sino sobre el medio ambiente y los activos de la empresa, sean éstos materiales, equipos e instalaciones. Este documento permitirá definir a la empresa cada vez que inicia un proyecto, implementar lo establecido en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, las revisiones se realizaran anualmente o cada vez que haya un cambio importante en la actividad de la empresa o en la legislación actual vigente en Colombia, con el acompañamiento de la gerencia, representante del sistema, coordinador SST.Resultado para Obtener el Título de Especialista en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo. Material acompañado por un Disco Compacto (CD-ROM), ubicado en la Colección Multimedia, identificado con el número E-SST/0002P Pasantía (Especialización en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo) Universidad de los Llanos. Programa de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo. Villavicencio- Meta, 2016EspecializaciónEspecializaciones en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabaj