AS NARRATIVAS DE GÊNERO NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: SCOPING REVIEW DA LITERATURA CIENTÍFICA BRASILEIRA NAS CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE

This study aims to understand which gender narratives are present in Brazilian scientific production in health sciences regarding school Physical Education. It is an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach. The methodology used was the scoping review and scientific articles found in the Virtual Health Library (Portal BVS) were included in this research. There were 16 articles, which were the sample of this study and were fully read. As a result, it can be stated that: the publications mostly involve public institutions and most of them happened in the decade of 2010; elementary school was the most present educational level and students had an important participation in these researches; the studies were mostly qualitative, with observation and the questionnaire being the most used instruments for data collection. Regarding the concept of gender, the analysis showed that all the works that dealt with these relationships understand gender as a social and historical construction. In this sense, it can be concluded that the Brazilian scientific production in the field of Health Sciences that focused on gender relations in school physical education was outlined by the search for a better understanding of an exclusive, sexist scenario, which stimulates in different ways the bodily experiences of boys and girls and that reproduces stereotypes related to femininities and masculinities and thus, throughout history, has placed girls on a lower and unequal level in school education.El objetivo es comprender qué narrativas de género están presentes en la producción científica brasileña en ciencias de la salud con respecto a la Educación Física escolar. La metodología fue la revisión de alcance y se incluyeron en esta investigación 16 artículos científicos que se encuentran en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud. Como resultado, se puede decir que: la mayoría de las publicaciones involucran a instituciones públicas, y la mayoría de ellas tuvieron lugar en la década de 2010; La Enseñanza Primaria fue el nivel educativo más presente y los estudiantes tuvieron una participación importante en estas encuestas; los trabajos fueron en su mayoría cualitativos, siendo la observación y el cuestionario los instrumentos de recolección más utilizados. En cuanto al concepto de género, el análisis mostró que todos los trabajos que abordaron estas relaciones entienden el género como una construcción social e histórica. En ese sentido, se puede concluir que la producción científica brasileña en el campo de las Ciencias de la Salud que se centró en las relaciones de género en la educación física escolar estuvo delineada por la búsqueda de una mejor comprensión de un escenario excluyente, sexista, que estimula de diversas formas la vivencias corporales de niños y niñas y que reproduce estereotipos relacionados con la feminidad y la masculinidad y así, a lo largo de la historia, ha situado a las niñas en un nivel inferior y desigual en la educación básica.Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender quais as narrativas de gênero presentes na produção científica brasileira nas ciências da saúde no que diz respeito à Educação Física escolar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. A metodologia utilizada foi a scoping review e foram incluídos nesta pesquisa artigos científicos encontrados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Chegou-se a 16 artigos, os quais consistiram na amostra deste estudo e foram lidos na íntegra. Como resultado pode-se afirmar que: as publicações envolvem instituições públicas em sua maioria e, a maior parte deles, aconteceu na década de 2010; o Ensino Fundamental foi o nível educacional mais presente e os/as estudantes tiveram participação importante nessas pesquisas; os trabalhos se mostraram, majoritariamente, qualitativos, sendo a observação e o questionário os instrumentos de coleta mais utilizados. Em relação ao conceito de gênero, a análise evidenciou que todos os trabalhos que tratavam dessas relações entendem gênero como uma construção social e histórica. Nesse sentido, pode-se concluir que a produção científica brasileira no campo das Ciências da Saúde que se debruçou sobre as relações de gênero na educação física escolar esteve delineada pela busca de melhor compreensão de um cenário excludente, sexista, que estimula de maneiras diferentes as vivências corporais de meninos e meninas e que reproduz estereótipos relacionados às feminilidades e masculinidades e assim, ao longo da história, colocou as meninas num plano inferior e desigual na educação básica

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Gender narratives in school physical education: Scoping Review of Brazilian scientific literature in Health Sciences

Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender quais as narrativas de gênero presentes na produção científica brasileira nas ciências da saúde no que diz respeito à Educação Física escolar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. A metodologia utilizada foi a scoping review e foram incluídos nesta pesquisa artigos científicos encontrados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). A busca incluiu manuscritos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês, com os seguintes termos: “gênero and educação física”, “gender and physical education” e “género and educación física”. Chegou-se a 16 artigos, os quais consistiram na amostra deste estudo e foram lidos na íntegra. A análise de dados abrangeu os seguintes aspectos: (1) Periódicos, ano de publicação e sua respectiva avaliação no sistema Qualis Capes; (2) Autoria e instituições envolvidas; (3) Nível educacional envolvido na coleta de dados: educação infantil, ensino fundamental, ensino médio ou ensino médio tecnológico; (4) População estudada; (5) Método da pesquisa; (6) Instrumentos de coleta de dados; (7) Conceito de gênero; (8) Objetivo(s) do estudo. Como resultado pode-se afirmar que: as publicações envolvem instituições públicas em sua maioria e, a maior parte deles, aconteceu na década de 2010; o Ensino Fundamental foi o nível educacional mais presente e os/as estudantes tiveram participação importante nessas pesquisas; os trabalhos se mostraram, majoritariamente, qualitativos, sendo a observação e o questionário os instrumentos de coleta mais utilizados. Em relação ao conceito de gênero, a análise evidenciou que todos os trabalhos que tratavam dessas relações entendem gênero como uma construção social e histórica. No que se refere às narrativas de gênero, o conjunto dos 16 artigos analisados nos permitiu identificar duas: (1) Feminilidades, Masculinidades, Corpo e Cultura e (2) A Escola, a Prática Pedagógica e as Experiências Corporais. Nesse sentido, pode-se concluir que a produção científica brasileira no campo das Ciências da Saúde que se debruçou sobre as relações de gênero na educação física escolar esteve delineada pela busca de melhor compreensão de um cenário excludente, sexista, que estimula de maneiras diferentes as vivências corporais de meninos e meninas e que reproduz estereótipos relacionados às feminilidades e masculinidades e assim, ao longo da história, colocou as meninas num plano inferior e desigual na educação básica.This study aims to understand which gender narratives are present in Brazilian scientific production in health sciences regarding school Physical Education. It is an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach. The methodology used was the scoping review and scientific articles found in the Virtual Health Library (Portal BVS) were included in this research. The search included manuscripts published in Portuguese, Spanish and English, with the following terms: “gênero and educação física”, “gender and physical education” e “género and educación física”. There were 16 articles, which were the sample of this study and were fully read. The data analysis covered the following aspects: (1) Journals, year of publication and their respective evaluation in the Qualis Capes system; (2) Authorship and institutions involved; (3) Educational level involved in data collection: early childhood education, elementary school, high school, or technical high school; (4) Population studied; (5) Research method; (6) Data collection instruments; (7) Concept of gender; (8) Objective (s) of the study. As a result, it can be stated that: the publications mostly involve public institutions and most of them happened in the decade of 2010; elementary school was the most present educational level and students had an important participation in these researches; the studies were mostly qualitative, with observation and the questionnaire being the most used instruments for data collection. Regarding the concept of gender, the analysis showed that all the works that dealt with these relationships understand gender as a social and historical construction. Regarding gender narratives, the set of 16 articles analyzed allowed us to identify two: (1) Femininities, Masculinities, Body and Culture and (2) School, Pedagogical Practice and Body Experiences. In this sense, it can be concluded that the Brazilian scientific production in the field of Health Sciences that focused on gender relations in school physical education was outlined by the search for a better understanding of an exclusive, sexist scenario, which stimulates in different ways the bodily experiences of boys and girls and that reproduces stereotypes related to femininities and masculinities and thus, throughout history, has placed girls on a lower and unequal level in school education.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)CAPES: 88882.430728/2019-0

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions forecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosys-tem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts withdomestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their fulldistribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths.Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae(3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data onDasypus pilo-sus(Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized,but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In thisdata paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence andquantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is fromthe southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of theNeotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regardinganteaters,Myrmecophaga tridactylahas the most records (n=5,941), andCyclopessp. havethe fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data isDasypus novemcinctus(n=11,588), and the fewest data are recorded forCalyptophractus retusus(n=33). Withregard to sloth species,Bradypus variegatushas the most records (n=962), andBradypus pyg-maeushas the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to makeoccurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly ifwe integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, andNeotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure,habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possiblewith the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data inpublications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are usingthese data

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author

ATLANTIC ANTS: a data set of ants in Atlantic Forests of South America

International audienc