Adulteraciones con melamina

Treball presentat a l'assignatura de Deontologia i Veterinària Legal (21223

Incidentaloma suprarrenal: una revisión de su manejo y seguimiento en el Hospital Universitario de Canarias.

Introducción: El incidentaloma suprarrenal (IA) se trata de una lesión ≥ 1 cm encontrada mediante prueba de imagen durante el estudio de patología extraadrenal (exceptuando el estudio de neoplasias malignas). Su prevalencia es del 2 % en la población general. El 20-30 % de los IA presentan hiperfunción hormonal con lo que es de gran importancia descartar esto mediante la historia clínica y la valoración bioquímico-hormonal. Asimismo, alrededor del 2,6 % son malignos por lo que se deben tener en cuenta los datos clínicos y realizar técnicas de imagen para excluir esta posibilidad. El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer la realidad del manejo del IA en al área sanitaria del CHUC, tanto en la valoración inicial como en el seguimiento. Material y métodos: se trata de un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo sobre 124 pacientes diagnosticados de IA en el servicio de Endocrinología del CHUC. Se evaluaron los siguientes aspectos distribuidos en 160 variables: datos de filiación y variables clínicas, antropométricas, de analítica general y hormonal, radiológicas, del estado funcional adrenal y del abordaje terapéutico. Resultados: el 57 % de los IA fueron no funcionantes, el 22% funcionantes y del 21 % restante aún no se conocían los resultados. La prueba de imagen más realizada fue el TC (87 %), siendo las características radiológicas más frecuentes: unilateralidad, patrón adenoma típico, ausencia de calcificaciones y localización izquierda. Conclusiones: el 22 % de los IA presentaban hipersecreción hormonal, descartándose malignidad en todos ellos. El número de TC fue de 222 y 65 de RMN. Se realizó adrenalectomía en el 11% con un diagnóstico más frecuente de adenoma cortical. El tiempo medio de seguimiento en las consultas de Endocrinología fue de 30 meses con una media de 5 consultas.Introduction: An adrenal incidentaloma is a lesion measuring 1 or more cm which has been discovered during the evaluation of an extra-adrenal patology (excluding the evaluation of malignant tumors). It has a prevalence amongst the general population of around 2%. Since about 20-30% of adrenal incidentalomas end up developing a hormonal hyperfunction, the clinical history and biochemical-hormonal assessment are of great importance in order to properly rule out this possibility. Furthermore, around 2,6% are malignant which is why it is crucial to take into consideration the clinical data and imaging tests so this chance can be excluded. The aim of this study is to know more about the reality of the initial evaluation and follow-up of adrenal incidentalomas in the healthcare area belonging to the CHUC. Material and methods: A restrospective descriptive observational study based on 124 patients diagnosed of an adrenal incid entaloma at the Endocrinology Department in CHUC. We evaluated the following matters distributed along 160 variables: filiation data and clinical, anthropometric, radiological, state of adrenal function, therapeutic management and general and hormonal blood test variables. Results: 57% of the adrenal incidentalomas were found to have a normal function, 22% were functioning and the results of the other 21% were yet to be known. The most used imaging test was the CT scan with the most frequent radiological findings being: unilateralism, typical adenoma pattern, no calcifications and placement of the left adrenal gland. Conclusions: 22% out of the adrenal incidentalomas showed hormonal hyperfunction but malignancy was ruled out in all of them. The number of C T scans performed was 222 and 65 MRI. 11% of the patients underwent an adrenalectomy with the most common diagnosis being cortical adenoma. The mean time of followup at the Endocrinoly Department was 30 months and the mean time of the number of visits was 5 times

A distributed biogas production model and its use in the livestock sector. Case study: Castile and León

Producción CientíficaThe population increase and the food demand increase the fight against climate change. Porcine production in Europe continues to increase, and Spain is the leading country in pig production. Manure management has a significant environmental impact that requires anaerobic digestion technologies for its mitigation. This technology helps produce biogas, a fuel that will reduce CO2 emissions. This study defines a distributed biogas generation model, determining the expected incomes from the development of this technology in small manure generation facilities (digestible organic waste). The development of this technology will contribute to reduce the demand for fossil energy and increase revenues by 22.7% regarding the expected revenues from the use of biogas for electricity generation.Unión Europea - (project LIFE19-CCMES- 001206

Las actividades deportivas en el medio natural en los libros de texto de educación física

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las actividades deportivas realizadas en el medio natural que son representadas en los libros de texto de Educación Física (EF) en la etapa de Educación Primaria (EP), publicados en la Ley Orgánica 2/2006, de 3 de mayo, de Educación (más conocida como LOE). Se analizan un total de 3836 imágenes, recogidas en 34 libros de texto, pertenecientes a seis editoriales españolas. Para el análisis de contenido de las imágenes se utilizó la herramienta SAIMEF (Sistema de Análisis de las Imágenes de Educación Física), elaborada ad hoc. La prueba piloto, el panel de expertos y la triangulación con varios observadores fueron algunos de los criterios de cientificidad que avalaron dicha herramienta. Los resultados muestran que la presencia de imágenes referidas a las actividades deportivas en el medio natural continúa siendo escasa en los libros de texto de EF. La editorial Serbal representa en mayor proporción este tipo de actividades con respecto al resto de editoriales. El ciclo en donde aparecen mayor número de imágenes es el tercer ciclo, predominando el dibujo frente a la fotografía. Además, este tipo de actividades está dirigido al sexo masculino, ectomorfo, de raza blanca y sin discapacidad. Siendo la actividad más representada la orientación y prevaleciendo los deportes pertenecientes al medio terrestre. En la asociación con el sexo comprobamos que el sexo masculino se asocia con la práctica del esquí y el sexo femenino con los deportes náuticos, concretamente con el piragüismo.The objective of this research is to analyze the sports activities in the natural environment that are represented in the textbooks of Physical Education (PE) in Primary Education (EP), published in the Organic Law 2/2006 of 3 May, of Education (better known as LOE). A total of 3836 images, collected in 34 textbooks analyzed, belonging to six Spanish publishers. For content analysis of pictures SAIMEF (System Analysis Images PE) tool, developed ad hoc was used. The pilot, the panel of experts and observers triangulation with several test were some of the criteria cientific who supported such a tool. The results show that the presence of images related to sports activities in the natural environment remains low in the EF textbooks. The Serbal Editorial represents a greater extent these activities with respect to other publishers. The cycle where as many images appear is the third cycle, predominating the drawing against photography. In addition, this type of activity is aimed at male ectomorph, white and without disabilities. It is the most represented activity orientation and prevailing sports belonging to the terrestrial environment. In association with sex we found that male sex is associated with skiing and females with water sports, specifically canoeing

Sports activities in the natural environment in the textbooks of Physical Education

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las actividades deportivas realizadas en el medio natural que son representadas en los libros de texto de Educación Física (EF) en la etapa de Educación Primaria (EP), publicados en la Ley Orgánica 2/2006, de 3 de mayo, de Educación (más conocida como LOE). Se analizan un total de 3836 imágenes, recogidas en 34 libros de texto, pertenecientes a seis editoriales españolas. Para el análisis de contenido de las imágenes se utilizó la herramienta SAIMEF (Sistema de Análisis de las Imágenes de Educación Física), elaborada ad hoc. La prueba piloto, el panel de expertos y la triangulación con varios observadores fueron algunos de los criterios de cientificidad que avalaron dicha herramienta. Los resultados muestran que la presencia de imágenes referidas a las actividades deportivas en el medio natural continúa siendo escasa en los libros de texto de EF. La editorial Serbal representa en mayor proporción este tipo de actividades con respecto al resto de editoriales. El ciclo en donde aparecen mayor número de imágenes es el tercer ciclo, predominando el dibujo frente a la fotografía. Además, este tipo de actividades está dirigido al sexo masculino, ectomorfo, de raza blanca y sin discapacidad. Siendo la actividad más representada la orientación y prevaleciendo los deportes pertenecientes al medio terrestre. En la asociación con el sexo comprobamos que el sexo masculino se asocia con la práctica del esquí y el sexo femenino con los deportes náuticos, concretamente con el piragüismo.The objective of this research is to analyze the sports activities in the natural environment that are represented in the textbooks of Physical Education (PE) in Primary Education (EP), published in the Organic Law 2/2006 of 3 May, of Education (better known as LOE). A total of 3836 images, collected in 34 textbooks analyzed, belonging to six Spanish publishers. For content analysis of pictures SAIMEF (System Analysis Images PE) tool, developed ad hoc was used. The pilot, the panel of experts and observers triangulation with several test were some of the criteria cientific who supported such a tool. The results show that the presence of images related to sports activities in the natural environment remains low in the EF textbooks. The Serbal Editorial represents a greater extent these activities with respect to other publishers. The cycle where as many images appear is the third cycle, predominating the drawing against photography. In addition, this type of activity is aimed at male ectomorph, white and without disabilities. It is the most represented activity orientation and prevailing sports belonging to the terrestrial environment. In association with sex we found that male sex is associated with skiing and females with water sports, specifically canoeing.Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deport

The PARP inhibitor olaparib enhances the sensitivity of Ewing sarcoma to trabectedin

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- et al.Recent preclinical evidence has suggested that Ewing Sarcoma (ES) bearing EWSR1-ETS fusions could be particularly sensitive to PARP inhibitors (PARPinh) in combination with DNA damage repair (DDR) agents. Trabectedin is an antitumoral agent that modulates EWSR1-FLI1 transcriptional functions, causing DNA damage. Interestingly, PARP1 is also a transcriptional regulator of EWSR1-FLI1, and PARPinh disrupts the DDR machinery. Thus, given the impact and apparent specificity of both agents with regard to the DNA damage/DDR system and EWSR1-FLI1 activity in ES, we decided to explore the activity of combining PARPinh and Trabectedin in in vitro and in vivo experiments. The combination of Olaparib and Trabectedin was found to be highly synergistic, inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and the accumulation of G2/M. The drug combination also enhanced γH2AX intranuclear accumulation as a result of DNA damage induction, DNA fragmentation and global DDR deregulation, while EWSR1-FLI1 target expression remained unaffected. The effect of the drug combination was corroborated in a mouse xenograft model of ES and, more importantly, in two ES patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in which the tumors showed complete regression. In conclusion, the combination of the two agents leads to a biologically significant deregulation of the DDR machinery that elicits relevant antitumor activity in preclinical models and might represent a promising therapeutic tool that should be further explored for translation to the clinical setting.Enrique de Álava’s lab is supported by the AECC (Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer), the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain-FEDER (PI081828, RD06/0020/0059 RD12/0036/0017, PT13/0010/0056, PI110018, ISCIII Sara Borrell postdoc grant CD06/00001), the European Project EuroSARC (FP7-HEALTH-2011- two-stage, Project ID 278742 EUROSARC), Fundación Memoria de D. Manuel Solorzano Barruso, Fundación Cris contra el cancer, and Fundación María García Estrada. JLO was sponsored by the CSIC and the European Social Fund (post-doctoral grant JAE DOC) and is at present funded by the AECC. ATA is sponsored by the Fundaçao para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal (fellowship SFRH/BD/69318/2010). OMT is funded by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias-ISCIII (CES12/021) and the AECC. DHM is funded by the AECC. Work supported by the Xarxa de Bancs de Tumors de Catalunya (XBTC) sponsored by Pla Director d’Oncologia de Catalunya. AMC acknowledges funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under a Marie Curie International Reintegration Grant (PIRG-08- GA-2010-276998) and ISCIII-FEDER (CP13/00189).Peer Reviewe

Programa educativo sobre higiene de manos en escolares primarios

Proper hand hygiene can reduce the incidence of many infectious respiratory and intestinal diseases, among others. A quasi-experimental study was carried out to implement an educational program on hand hygiene in 45 students of 4th level of the Guerrillero Heróico Elementary School, Cienfuegos, Cuba, during the months of October 2018 - December 2019. The design of a range of actions responded to the identified learning needs, producing a significant change with a value of p <0.05. In this study, the 80% had a low level of theoretical knowledge about hand hygiene before the application of the educational program and only 6.6% were rated as good. Among the reasons stated for not washing their hands, infants indicated the lack of resources for it and the insufficient perception of the risk that this behavior entails. The majority stated that they had received information on the matter at school and on television.La adecuada higiene de manos puede reducir la incidencia de muchas enfermedades infecciosas respiratorias e intestinales, entre otras. Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental, con el objetivo de implementar un programa educativo acerca de la higiene de manos en 45 niños de 4to grado de la Escuela Primaria Guerrillero Heróico, Cienfuegos, Cuba, durante los meses de octubre 2018 - diciembre 2019. El diseño de un conjunto de acciones respondió a las necesidades de aprendizaje identificadas, produciéndose un cambio significativo con un valor p<0,05. El 80% de los involucrados tuvo un nivel bajo de conocimientos teóricos sobre higiene de manos antes de la aplicación del programa educativo y solo un 6,6 % resultó calificado como bueno. Entre las razones declaradas por las que no se lavan las manos, los infantes señalaron la falta de recursos para eso y la insuficiente percepción del riesgo que conlleva esa conducta. La mayoría declaró que recibían información al respecto en el ambiente escolar y a través de la televisión

Pottery grave goods from funerary contexts at the argaric site of Peñalosa (Jaén). A methodological approach

The need for interdisciplinary studies is the basis of ambitious research (ARCHEM Project) that is carried out in the argaric settlement of Peñalosa (Baños de la Encina, Jaén), combining organic residues analysis and techno-typological studies of pottery found in funerary contexts. Manufacture and use of pottery could inform us about customs and traditions that remain hidden in time and in the archaeological record. Knowing the implications and decisions of potters as well as the functionality of those vessels deposited inside the graves can approach the idiosyncrasy of a society in the Bronze Age in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula. The methodology used to identify patterns of functionality is highlighted by the combination of cutting-edge analysis techniques in both fields such as the application of different chromatographic techniques (GC-MS, UPLC-HRMS and GC-CIRMS) that allow to identify the organic compounds in the ceramics and the application of analytical techniques from Earth Sciences (Stereomicroscopic, X-Ray Diffraction and Petrography), which allow us to characterize ceramic pastes and knowing the catchment of raw materials. This study highlights the Peñalosa site as a melting pot of new research and it brings us closer with the use of a complex methodology combined to the societies 4000 years ago.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness HAR2015-66009-PJunta de Andalucía HUM 274 FQM 338Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and CompetitivinessUniversity of Granad

EphA2-induced angiogenesis in ewing sarcoma cells works through bFGF production and is dependent on caveolin-1

Angiogenesis is the result of the combined activity of the tumor microenvironment and signaling molecules. The angiogenic switch is represented as an imbalance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors and is a rate-limiting step in the development of tumors. Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their membrane-anchored ligands, known as ephrins, constitute the largest receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) subfamily and are considered a major family of pro-angiogenic RTKs. Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is a highly aggressive bone and soft tissue tumor affecting children and young adults. As other solid tumors, EWS are reliant on a functional vascular network for the delivery of nutrients and oxygen and for the removal of waste. Based on the biological roles of EphA2 in promoting angiogenesis, we explored the functional role of this receptor and its relationship with caveolin-1 (CAV1) in EWS angiogenesis. We demonstrated that lack of CAV1 results in a significant reduction in micro vascular density (MVD) on 3 different in vivo models. In vitro, this phenomenon correlated with inactivation of EphA2 receptor, lack of AKT response and downregulation of bFGF. We also demonstrated that secreted bFGF from EWS cells acted as chemoattractant for endothelial cells. Furthermore, interaction between EphA2 and CAV1 was necessary for the right localization and signaling of the receptor to produce bFGF through AKT and promote migration of endothelial cells. Finally, introduction of a dominant-negative form of EphA2 into EWS cells mostly reproduced the effects occurred by CAV1 silencing, strongly suggesting that the axis EphA2-CAV1 participates in the promotion of endothelial cell migration toward the tumors favoring EWS angiogenesis

Estudio epidemiológico en una muestra clínica de mujeres a través del dis

La investigación epidemiológica llevada a cabo en las últimas décadas en nuestro país ha demostrado, de manera inequívoca, la existencia de marcadas diferencias en la morbilidad psicopatológica y en el patrón de conducta de enfermedad desarrollados según el sexo (Vázquez-Barquero, Diez Manrique, Peña, Quintanal y Labrador López, 1986; Herrera, Antonell, Espagnolo, Domenech y Martín, 1987; Herrera, Antonell, Spagnolo y Gispert, 1990). Este hecho, unido a la constatación de que la prevalencia psicopatológica en la mujer es mucho mayor que en el hombre y que el riesgo de padecer un trastorno mental puede ser casi del doble en el sexo femenino (Muñoz, 1979; Herrera et al., 1987; Vázquez-Barquero, Diez Manrique y Peña, 1987), nos hacen plantear la presente investigación con el objetivo de conocer el tipo de desórdenes psicológicos que afectan de forma preferente a la población femenina, objetivo éste enmarcado en un planteamiento metodológico de tipo epidemiológico descriptivo