Solar Polar Spicules Observed with Hinode

We examine solar polar region spicules using high-cadence Ca II data from the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) on the Hinode spacecraft. We sharpened the images by convolving them with the inverse-point-spread function of the SOT Ca II filter, and we are able to see some of the spicules originating on the disk just inside the limb. Bright points are frequently at the root of the disk spicules. These "Ca II brightenings" scuttle around at approx.few x 10 km/s, live for approx.100 sec, and may be what are variously known as "H_{2V} grains," "K_{2V} grains," or "K_{2V} bright points." When viewed extending over the limb, some of the spicules appear to expand horizontally or split into two or more components, with the horizontal expansion or splitting velocities reaching approx.50 km/s. This work was funded by NASA's Science Mission Directorate through the Living With a Star Targeted Research and Technology Program, the Supporting Research and Program, the Heliospheric Guest Investigator Program, and the Hinode project

Benefits of a snacking intervention as part of a school-based obesity intervention for Mexican American children

Objective: To examine the impact of adherence to a healthy snacking component of a 6 month school-based intervention program for overweight and obese children. Design: Randomized controlled intervention trial Methods: Mexican American children who were ≥ 85th percentile for body mass index (BMI) were recruited between 2005-2012 from three Houston schools. Children participated in a 12-week instructor led intensive intervention program that included nutrition education, physical activity, and a snacking component which consisted of a daily choice of peanuts and/or peanut butter snacks. Children (12±0.6 years) (n= 257) were divided into either low or high snacking adherence groups based on their responses on a peanut food frequency questionnaire. The low adherence group reported consuming peanuts or peanut butter ≤ once per week and the high adherence group \u3e once per week over 6 months. Change of BMI, standardized BMI (zBMI), triceps skinfold, and weight were compared at six months of children reporting high and low levels of adherence to the snacking component. Analysis: T-tests were performed with SPSS version 22 with level of significance set at P \u3c0.05. Results: Children in the high snacking adherence group demonstrated significantly greater decreases in BMI (P= 0.021) and zBMI (P = 0.005) at six months compared to the children in the low snacking adherence group. Although triceps skinfold did not significantly decrease, anthropometric measures trended towards significance. Conclusions and Implications: Peanuts provided an acceptable, healthy snack for children. Although peanuts were relatively high in fat, the weight loss intervention of replacing energy-dense and unhealthy snacks with peanuts and peanut butter helped children maintain a healthy body weight

The Adapt Study: adaptation of evidence-informed complex population health interventions for implementation and/or re-evaluation in new contexts: protocol for a Delphi consensus exercise to develop guidance.

Introduction: Complex population health interventions that are effective in one context may not be effective elsewhere, and may even be harmful. As such, an intervention may require adaptation to ensure it fits with a new context. To date, there is no overarching guidance to help researchers to adapt and evaluate interventions in new contexts, and no criteria to support research funders or journals assess proposed or reported adaptations or evaluation. There is limited assistance for policy-makers and practitioners to decide if evidence-informed interventions are appropriate to their context, or if adaptation and further evaluation is needed. This Delphi exercise will contribute to the development of guidance for these communities to support the adaptation, implementation and/or re-evaluation of complex population health interventions in new contexts. Methods: We will conduct a Delphi consensus exercise to gather expert opinion from researchers, research funders, journal editors and policy-makers. Expert opinion will be sought on: appropriate definitions and concepts, identifying key methodological considerations and establishing adaptations and processes to be undertaken during adaptation of complex population health interventions in new contexts. Ethics and dissemination: Ethics approval for the Delphi exercise has been obtained from the University of Glasgow and and the RAND institutional research board. Dissemination of the results of this study will be through peer-reviewed publications, workshops at national and international conferences, and a summary of the guidance developed for key organisations and stakeholders

Missouri commercial strawberry spray schedule, 1984

Double-sided ; 3 hole punches at top ; folded in half ; white ; 43 cm"1/84 1.5M""These recommendations are intended to serve as guidelines for commercial strawberry growers in Missouri. The pesticides and application rates listed for any given pest problem are based on their effectiveness, economy, safety and general integration into control programs for other pests present at or about the same time. The choice of which chemicals to use, when to use them, and how they are applied must be made by the individual grower relative to his own experience, equipment, and special problems associated with his fields. The effective and efficient use of all pesticides requires careful selection of the most appropriate material and the rate required, critical timing of the application(s), and uniform, thorough coverage of the plants."--first paragraphA.E. Gaus (Horticulture), E.W. Palm (Plant Pathology), W.S. Craig (Entomology), J.F. Moore (Plant Pathology), H. Townsend (Entomology

Missouri commercial strawberry spray schedule, 1985

Double-sided ; 3 hole punches at top ; folded in half ; pink ; 43 cm"1/85 1.5M""These recommendations are intended to serve as guidelines for commercial strawberry growers in Missouri. The pesticides and application rates listed for any given pest problem are based on their effectiveness, economy, safety and general integration into control programs for other pests present at or about the same time. The choice of which chemicals to use, when to use them, and how they are applied must be made by the individual grower relative to his own experience, equipment, and special problems associated with his fields. The effective and efficient use of all pesticides requires careful selection of the most appropriate material and the rate required, critical timing of the application(s), and uniform, thorough coverage of the plants."--first paragraphA.E. Gaus (Horticulture), E.W. Palm (Plant Pathology), W.S. Craig (Entomology), J.F. Moore (Plant Pathology), H. Townsend (Entomology

Perceptual and Contextual Sources of Athletic Training Confidence: The Transition to Professional Entry Level Master’s Programs

Introduction: The shift of athletic training education from undergraduate degrees to professional master’s degrees and the prominence of computer-based credentialing may impact the hands-on experiences beneficial for developing confidence in athletic training competency domains. Health care provider confidence is critical for clinical skill development, performance and enhancing patient care. Purpose: To examine domain specific efficacy, its sources, learning contexts (i.e., classroom, laboratory, clinical settings) and clinical characteristics by program types. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional design where 178 Athletic Trainers (AT; age 24.25 + 3.76, n = 72 male, n = 106 female) participated in the study (Master’s Program (MP) = 38; Undergraduate Program (UG) = 140). A questionnaire examining athletic training confidence was administered throughout multiple universities with accredited athletic training programs. Background characteristics, certification exam attempts, and programmatic characteristics were also ascertained. Results: Clinical settings were similar in both program types and there were few differences in domain-specific efficacy. Imaginal experiences, verbal persuasion and emotional states sources of efficacy differentiated master’s from undergraduate students. Conclusions: Sources of efficacy (e.g. vicarious experiences) occur naturally in athletic training educational settings; however, these sources need to be utilized. Educators should be informed about efficacy sources and devise strategies targeting each source for implementation across evolving learning contexts

Transcriptomes of parents identify parenting strategies and sexual conflict in a subsocial beetle

This work was funded by UK NERC grants to M.G.R. and A.J.M. an NERC studentship to D.J.P. the University of Georgia and a US NSF grant to A.J.M. and M.G.R.Parenting in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides is complex and, unusually, the sex and number of parents that can be present is flexible. Such flexibility is expected to involve specialized behaviour by the two sexes under biparental conditions. Here, we show that offspring fare equally well regardless of the sex or number of parents present. Comparing transcriptomes, we find a largely overlapping set of differentially expressed genes in both uniparental and biparental females and in uniparental males including vitellogenin, associated with reproduction, and takeout, influencing sex-specific mating and feeding behaviour. Gene expression in biparental males is similar to that in non-caring states. Thus, being ‘biparental’ in N. vespilloides describes the family social organization rather than the number of directly parenting individuals. There was no specialization; instead, in biparental families, direct male parental care appears to be limited with female behaviour unchanged. This should lead to strong sexual conflict.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Are upright lateral cervical radiographs in the obtunded trauma patient useful? A retrospective study

BACKGROUND: The best method for radiographic "clearance" of the cervical spine in obtunded patients prior to removal of cervical immobilization devices remains debated. Dynamic radiographs or MRI are thought to demonstrate unstable injuries, but can be expensive and cumbersome to obtain. An upright lateral cervical radiograph (ULCR) was performed in selected patients to investigate whether this study could provide this same information, to enable removal of cervical immobilization devices in the multiple trauma patient. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our experience with ULCR in 683 blunt trauma victims who presented over a 3-year period, with either a Glasgow Coma Score <13 or who were intubated at the time of presentation. RESULTS: ULCR was performed in 163 patients. Seven patients had studies interpreted to be abnormal, of which six were also abnormal, by either CT or MRI. The seventh patient's only abnormality was soft tissue swelling; MRI was otherwise normal. Six patients had ULCR interpreted as normal, but had abnormalities on either CT or MRI. None of the missed injuries required surgical stabilization, although one had a vertebral artery injury demonstrated on subsequent angiography. ULCR had an apparent sensitivity of 45.5% and specificity of 71.4%. CONCLUSION: ULCR are inferior to both CT and MRI in the detection of cervical injury in patients with normal plain radiographs. We therefore cannot recommend the use of ULCR in the obtunded trauma patient

The Ursinus Weekly, October 21, 1963

Cry the beloved country to be given at UC Wednesday • Dean Rothenberger in Who\u27s who of American women • Ursinus College is dinner host to 200 neighbors • College Bowl team selected by test • Report from the women\u27s customs committee • 1963 men\u27s customs report • Lantern seeks literary works • Soph bazaar, hop set for Nov. 2 • Spirit Committee plans cheering section • Romaine to lead freshmen; Banquet, dance follow election • Summer projects pre-medders topic • IRC plans first meeting • Editorial: College Bowl team; UC hootenanny • E. Blake on the summer of revolt • Letters to the editor • Parents Day, 1963 • Young Republicans plan for year • 80 UC students visit Winterthur • Have you read: Caravans • Greek gleanings • Former pastor named to Ursinus College faculty • Weekly reporter interviews Thai student • Navy team to visit Ursinus, October 23 • Juniors plan turnabout • John Adams given second going over • Yosts hold first English meeting • Wilkes grinds out 28-8 decision over Bears • UC stops Beaver and West Chester • Jim Garofolo new assistant coach • UC booters off to fast start • Intramural corner: Three team race developshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1254/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, October 21, 1963

Cry the beloved country to be given at UC Wednesday • Dean Rothenberger in Who\u27s who of American women • Ursinus College is dinner host to 200 neighbors • College Bowl team selected by test • Report from the women\u27s customs committee • 1963 men\u27s customs report • Lantern seeks literary works • Soph bazaar, hop set for Nov. 2 • Spirit Committee plans cheering section • Romaine to lead freshmen; Banquet, dance follow election • Summer projects pre-medders topic • IRC plans first meeting • Editorial: College Bowl team; UC hootenanny • E. Blake on the summer of revolt • Letters to the editor • Parents Day, 1963 • Young Republicans plan for year • 80 UC students visit Winterthur • Have you read: Caravans • Greek gleanings • Former pastor named to Ursinus College faculty • Weekly reporter interviews Thai student • Navy team to visit Ursinus, October 23 • Juniors plan turnabout • John Adams given second going over • Yosts hold first English meeting • Wilkes grinds out 28-8 decision over Bears • UC stops Beaver and West Chester • Jim Garofolo new assistant coach • UC booters off to fast start • Intramural corner: Three team race developshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1254/thumbnail.jp