199 research outputs found
Efficient Water Use in Dairy Cattle Production: A Review
Background:
Dairy cattle production has often been pointed out as a big source of wastewater; although these statements seem exaggerated, they can save a lot
of water when a correct use of this resource is made.
Objective:
The objective of this review was to explore what technological improvements in drinking and feeding systems, water reuse systems, and irrigation
systems have been made in the last ten years that allow a more efficient use of water and consequently a decrease in water use in dairy cattle
production.
Methods:
The literature analysis for the review involved a keyword-based search, mainly for conference and/or journal articles. The scientific research
databases, ScienceDirect and IEEE Xplore, as well as the scientific search engine Google Scholar, were employed to conduct this review.
Results:
Dairy farmers can reduce their water footprint by implementing practices that can include proper feeding of animals and monitoring of water
consumption, adequate ventilation of facilities, as well as maintenance and repair of water, wastewater, and irrigation systems. Water from heat
exchange systems to cool milk after milking can be reused to water and irrigate fields, and the farmers can also use technological equipment to
increase the efficiency of irrigation.
Conclusion:
Proper management strategies are highly essential for sustaining the livestock production systems and meeting the food demands of a growing
population with the available water resources, for which water-saving technologies and strategies are the need of the hour. The use of technological
options has been a key driving force for the transition to smarter farming systems and for efficient water use in dairy farms.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Analysis of a Sorter Cascade Applied to Control a Wheelchair
The precise eye state detection is a fundamental stage for various activities that require human-machine interaction (HMI). This chapter presents an analysis of the implementation of a system for navigating a wheelchair with automation (CRA), based on facial expressions, especially eyes closed using a Haar cascade classifier (HCC). Aimed at people with locomotor disability of the upper and lower limbs, the state detection was based on two steps: the capture of the image, which concentrates on the detection actions and image optimization; actions of the chair, which interprets the data capture and sends the action to the chair. The results showed that the model has excellent accuracy in identification with robust performance in recognizing eyes closed, bypassing well occlusion issues and lighting with about 98% accuracy. The application of the model in the simulations opens the implementation and marriage opportunity with the chair sensor universe aiming a safe and efficient navigation to the user
Modificações No Consumo De Bebidas De Adolescentes De Escolas Públicas Na Primeira Década Do Século Xxi
To evaluate the changes in beverage consumption among adolescents between 2003 and 2008. Methods: Two school-based cross-sectional studies were carried out with public school students (12 to 19 years-old) from Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data from three food records were used to estimate daily, weekdays and weekend average consumption (volume and percent contribution for total daily energy intake) of milk and milk-based beverages, sugar sweetened beverages, fresh squeezed fruit juices, caffeinated and alcoholic beverages. Beverage consumption age-adjusted means for weekdays and weekends were compared using linear regression (Generalized Linear Models – GLM). Results: A total of 433 adolescents were examined in 2003, and 510 in 2008. The prevalence of overweight was 17% in 2003 and 22% in 2008 (p > 0.05). Milk was the most consumed beverage, being reported by 89% of adolescents, followed by sodas (75%). In general, in the five-year period, there was an increase in the prevalence of consumption of alcoholic drinks, guarana syrup refreshment, and processed fruit drinks, especially on weekdays. The soft drink was the largest contributor to the total energy consumption, corresponding on average to 4% of daily energy intake. Conclusion: The main changes in the beverage consumption among adolescents from Niterói, in the first decade of the XXI century, were the tendency to reduce the consumption of milk and the increase in the consumption of processed and alcoholic beverages. © 2016, Assocaicao Brasileira de Pos, Gradacao em Saude Coletiva. All rights reserved.19234836
Projeto RiskBenefit4EU - uma estratégia para a avaliação de risco-benefício de alimentos em Portugal
D* Production in Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA
This paper presents measurements of D^{*\pm} production in deep inelastic
scattering from collisions between 27.5 GeV positrons and 820 GeV protons. The
data have been taken with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The decay channel
(+ c.c.) has been used in the study. The
cross section for inclusive D^{*\pm} production with
and is 5.3 \pms 1.0 \pms 0.8 nb in the kinematic region
{ GeV and }. Differential cross
sections as functions of p_T(D^{*\pm}), and are
compared with next-to-leading order QCD calculations based on the photon-gluon
fusion production mechanism. After an extrapolation of the cross section to the
full kinematic region in p_T(D^{*\pm}) and (D^{*\pm}), the charm
contribution to the proton structure function is
determined for Bjorken between 2 10 and 5 10.Comment: 17 pages including 4 figure
Observation of Scaling Violations in Scaled Momentum Distributions at HERA
Charged particle production has been measured in deep inelastic scattering
(DIS) events over a large range of and using the ZEUS detector. The
evolution of the scaled momentum, , with in the range 10 to 1280
, has been investigated in the current fragmentation region of the Breit
frame. The results show clear evidence, in a single experiment, for scaling
violations in scaled momenta as a function of .Comment: 21 pages including 4 figures, to be published in Physics Letters B.
Two references adde
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