Kepentingan Ilmu Nahu dalam Memahami Teks Syarak [The Importance of The Science of Grammar (Ilmu Nahwu) in Understanding Syariah Texts]

Setiap bahasa mempunyai kaedah tertentu yang perlu dikuasai untuk mengelakkan berlaku kesalahan dalam percakapan dan penulisan. Asas kepada perkara tersebut adalah dengan menguasai tatabahasanya. Setiap bahasa di dunia ini khususnya bahasa Arab sangat mementingkan tatabahasa demi memastikan bahasa digunakan dengan betul dan tepat. Ilmu nahu atau tatabahasa Arab merupakan teras paling utama dalam mempelajari bahasa Arab yang menjadi kunci untuk memahami al-Quran, Hadis dan hukum-hukum syariah. Tatabahasa Arab merupakan kunci untuk memahami ilmu-ilmu bahasa Arab. Pembelajaran tatabahasa adalah bertujuan untuk mengelakkan kesilapan berkaitan pembacaan dan kefahaman makna. Kesalahan tatabahasa boleh menyebabkan makna yang dimaksudkan tidak tepat dan mengakibatkan kesalahan yang besar dalam memahami teks-teks Arab yang kebiasaannya terdapat dalam buku-buku agama. Sarjana-sarjana dalam bidang bahasa menyatakan bahawa pembelajaran semua bahasa di dunia menitikberatkan aspek tatabahasa. Kajian ini cuba merungkaikan kepentingan ilmu nahu dalam memahami teks syarak yang menjadi sumber rujukan hukum, iaitu daripada al-Quran dan Hadis. Pemahaman dan penguasaan ilmu nahu sangat penting dalam memastikan sumber sesuatu hukum atau kefahaman dapat diperoleh dengan betul dan tepat. Every language has certain methods that need to be mastered to avoid making mistakes in speaking and writing. The basis of the matter is to master its grammatical notion. Every language in the world, especially Arabic, is very concerned with grammar in order to ensure that the language is used correctly and accurately. The knowledge of Nahu or Arabic grammar is the most important core in learning Arabic which is the key to understanding the Quran, Hadith and Sharia laws. Arabic grammar is the key to understanding Arabic language sciences. The goal of learning grammar is to steer clear of errors that arise when reading and comprehending text. Grammatical mistakes can lead to significant understanding errors when interpreting Arabic texts, which are typically found in religious books. They can also distort the intended meaning. Language scholars claim that grammar is emphasised in the study of all languages spoken worldwide. This study attempts to elucidate the significance of Arabic Grammar (Nahu) knowledge in comprehending the syarak text, which is derived from the Quran and Hadith and serves as a legal reference source. Understanding and mastery of Nahu knowledge is very important in ensuring that the source of a law or understanding can be obtained correctly and accurately

Permanent magnet flux switching torque performance indicator

Flux switching machine (FSM) offer advantages such as rotor robustness and simple driving circuit compared to competing machine. This paper attempts to process the torque, volume and current information from 35 latest Permanent Magnet (PM) FSM publication into a standardized Torque Performance Indicator (TPI), which are torque density, torque constant, torque constant density and torque-magnet ratio. The distribution median shows that torque density, torque constant, torque constant density and torque-magnet ratio are 23.24kNm/m3, 0.43Nm/A, 0.616Nkm/Am3 and 30.79Nm/kg respectively. Among many design variation, outer rotor configuration produces good values as overall in the TPI. This information can be used to guide the machine designer to compare and compete based on the standardized TPI

Monitoring Grid Frequency

The grid frequency of a 50 Hz system varies from 49.8 Hz to 50.2 Hz. Every 0.01 Hz of change in grid frequency correspond to approximately 6% to 8% of power supply dropped in the grid (S. Pourmousavi et al. 2009). Hence high resolution of measurement device is a must to monitor the grid frequency. Most frequency measurement devices such as oscilloscope usually caters high frequency measurement range. Even though some oscilloscope able to measure low frequency signal, its accuracy and resolution is not up to the challenge of measuring grid frequency. Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) uses by most power system company is not economical to be used by small scale power generation company or for research purpose. In this paper, a simple zero crossing method will be employ to measure the grid frequency with a resolution of 0.003 Hz using Arduino Uno controller. The test and validation of the frequency data took place in Europe specifically at University of Applied Science Rosenheim

Need Analysis On Developing Arabic Language M- Learning Basic Level During Covid-19

The Coronavirus (or Covid-19), which spread in early 2020, has resulted in a change of learning mode in known educational institutions where there is a shift from face-to-face to online learning. This study was conducted to identify the needs for developing mobile learning (m-learning) modules at the basic level for Arabic language among students as well as identifying the level of student acceptance for m-learning. A set of questionnaires was distributed to the respondents to identify the need for developing such m-learning. The data obtained were then analyzed using SPSS software and interpreted based on the total mean score and standard deviation. The study found that the respondents saw a great need at developing a module for basic level Arabic m-learning and were positive to use the latest technology in the learning process. This study proposes learning strategies and activities through m-learning that can be used throughout this pandemic in order to continue online teaching and learning sessions

Measurement Of Low Frequency Signal Of Power Grid Using Arduino

The range of the frequency to be measured by a measurement device depends on the purpose of performing the measurement. The frequency measurement device is built specifically according to its range while the price of the device is proportional to its functions. In this paper, a low frequency measurement device to monitor grid frequency is designed using Arduino technology. All aspects of the design from the software to hardware is explained. This device costs less than 100 US Dollar and it is capable to perform data logging for data analysis. The frequency range for the device is between 45 Hz to 60 Hz with 0.003 Hz resolution. This paper also discuss the standard commercial measurement device in power system and Arduino capabilities. The measurement data from the device is analyze for its accuracy and reliability

Development of wireless and intelligent home automation system

The Intelligent Home Automation System (IHAS) is usually a cell phone web-based application that enables end users in order to keep track of in addition to manage home/office appliance using their mobile system. The main objective of this system is developed to facilitate home users, especially domestic electrical appliances with simple controls. In addition, it can save the cost of electricity for lighting can be controlled to suit the user. Generally, most home appliances controlled from a distance using a remote control. Has created a system for controlling home lighting from a certain distance, which replaces the remote control using mobile smartphone. To make the smartphone to function as a remote control, an application was developed using Android technology. App Inventor software used for designing applications intended. Hardware microcontroller Arduino UNO R3 which is used to connect the smartphone to the electrical equipment. The system has been tested by developing a mini model and take into account the situation in the domestic home. The test is based on the level of control for wirelessly using Bluetooth and the distance between the lamp and the smartphone. The results of this test, the system can be used on equipment or other home appliances for the purpose of controlling or adjustment. In addition, the security system was also highlighted in a typical system, using the global system for mobile (GSM), it can be warned and notified to the consumer where there is a gas leak or the presence of a person in the vicinity of the residence

Flux Modulated Rotating Pole Piece Magnetic Gear

In this paper, the CMG is re-condition so that the pole piece act as the outer rotor instead of surface mount PM. This magnetic coupling of the CMG is similar to the conventional CMG which uses harmonic to transfer the torque and speed from the inner rotor to the outer rotor. The working principle of the proposed CMG is derived analytically and simulated using finite element software. For this recondition, the PM at the outer section become stationary hence, retaining sleeve can be removing. The proposed MG produced 18% higher average torque than the conventional MG with drawback in torque ripple. The proposed CMG also produce higher gear ratio than the same pole pair of conventional CM

Preliminary Magnetization Pattern Study On Magnetic Gear

In this paper, radial anisotropic, circumferential anisotropic, parallel circular direction (PCD) and parallel radial direction (PRD) magnetization pattern are introduced and explained. Then, these magnetization pattern are simulated using JMAG Designer 16.0 on the coaxial magnetic gear with 2.33 gear ratio. Torque and efficiency are calculated and compared. The result shows that the radial anisotropic produce the highest torque and register the best efficiency versus the latter.With this study, it is hope that the designer can have second option to choose other type of magnetization without sacrificing the performance. The option may become in handy when the RAP becomes more expensive or difficult to procur

A New Speed Multiplier Coaxial Magnetic Gear

Due to certain conditions, electrical motor (EM) that operates at high speed may lead to magnetic saturation, thermal issue, and stress to rotor structure. Magnetic gear (MG) designed for speed multiplier enables the prime mover from EM to operate at lower speed while the output gear multiplies the speed by its designated gear ratio at reduced torque. In this paper, a new coaxial magnetic gear is designed for speed multiplier. The role between inner yoke with PM and pole piece is switched. The inner part of magnetic gear is made to be stationary while the pole piece becomes inner rotor. The working principle is presented analytically based on flux modulation techniques for torque and speed transmission. Torque characteristic and gear efficiency are analysed using finite element and compared with existing speed multiplier magnetic gear with the same gear ratio of 7/3. Based on the simulation result, the proposed speed multiplier MG offers 16% better torque density and 12% higher gear efficiency at higher speed range. The structure of the inner rotor is also found to be more robust as only pole piece ring together with plastic holding frame is rotated instead of yoke with P