Numerical Solution and Stability for Model of Extensible Beam

In this paper, numerical methods (finite differences methods for explicit and implicit) has been applied, to solve nonlinear partial differential equations. In methodology, the beam was divided into very smaller squares, then the study discussed three partial differential equations generating from model. The first equation called longitudinal vibrations of a beam, second equation known as transverse vibrations of a beam and then the third equation considered the extensible beam. The equation of extensible beam was defined by Woiniwsky- Krieger as a model for transverse deflection of an extensible beam of natural length. The study discussed the stability of these models (longitudinal vibrations, transverse vibrations and extensible beams). The stability solution has been counted and considered unconditionally for implicit method, but it's conditional for an explicit method. Obtaining the stability and convergent solution for longitudinal vibrations of a beam if width divisions is less than length divisions (

Effects of aqueous leaves extract of Ocimum gratissimum on blood glucose levels of streptozocininduced diabetic wistar rats

The hypoglycemic effects of aqueous leaves extract of Ocimum gratisimum was investigated in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. A single administration of the extract at the doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight was done. The aqueous extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg significantly lowered blood glucose level (

Anti-diabetic properties of Securinega virosa (Euphorbiaceae) leaf extract

This study was undertaken to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of methanol extract of securinega virosa leaves on blood levels of streptozocin-induced diabetes rats. Three doses of the extract (100, 300 and 600 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally. After 2 h of extract administration there was no significant change in the blood glucose levels in all the three doses of the extract. Also after 4, 8 and 24 h of extract administration there was a significant (p < 0.05 - 0.001) decrease in the blood glucose levelsin all the three doses of the extract. The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of reducing sugars, cardiac glycosides, resin, tannins, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, glycerin carbohydrate, anthraquine and steroids. The median lethal dose (LD50) in rats was calculated to be 1264.9 mg/kg body weight

ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM FLOWER BUD IN WISTAR RATS AND MICE

The ethanol extracts of Syzygium aromaticum flower bud were tested for anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in mice and Wistar rats which were carried out using acetic acid-induced abdominal contractions in mice and formalin-induced hind paw edema in Wistar rats. Three doses of the ethanol extract (50, 100, and 200mg/kg body weight i.p.) were used for both studies. The extract had an LD50 of 565.7 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally in mice. The extracts produced significant effect (

Role of Ultrasonography and color Doppler in Evaluation of Carpel tunnel Syndrome

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy, as compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel under the flexor retinaculum; it is more frequent in middle aged women and mostly occurs bilateral. Objectives: Prospective case control study of Evaluation of ultrasound and color Doppler accuracy in diagnosis of carpel tunnel syndrome. Patients and methods: Prospective –case control clinical study was conducted during the time period from august 2019 to June 2020. Thirty subjects were included in the study (60 wrists) 20 were females and 10 males. They were referred to the radiology department at south valley university hospital from orthopaedic and rheumatology departments of south valley university hospital for ultrasound examination of the carpal tunnel after taking oral consent. Results: Out of 30 wrists with CTS, 5 (16.7%) of them had detected intraneural abnormal hypervasculature in Color duplex and power duplex of median nerve. In case of control group, only one wrist had detected intraneural abnormal hypervasculature in color and power duplex of median nerve. The significant cut off value for CSA of the median nerve in ultrasound (p-value 9mm2 with a sensitivity of93%, specificity32%and at quadratus level is >8mm2 with sensitivity84.31%, specificity78.5%. Conclusion: From all above discussed results we will establish and recommend a scheme for diagnosis of CTS based on ultrasound. Lastly this study used US with Doppler study to diagnose CTS ,US is easy ,rapid ,less costly and more comfortable method to patients suspected CTS and so it can be preliminary in diagnosis of CTS and grading

Rule Based System for Diagnosing Bean Diseases and Treatment

Background: A bean is the seed of one of several genera of the flowering plant family Fabaceae, which are used as vegetables for human or animal food. They can be cooked in many different ways, including boiling, frying, and baking, and are used in many traditional dishes throughout the world. Beans are one of the longest-cultivated plants. Broad beans, also called fava beans, in their wild state the size of a small fingernail, were gathered in Afghanistan and the Himalayan foothills. In a form improved from naturally occurring types, Beans were an important source of protein throughout old and new world history, and still are today. Objectives: The main goal of this expert system is to get the appropriate diagnosis of disease and the correct treatment. Methods: In this paper, the design of the proposed Expert System was produced to help farmers and those interested in agriculture in diagnosing many of the Bean diseases such as Fusarium wilt, Charcoal rot or ashy stem blight, Bacterial leaf spot and blight, Mung bean yellow mosaic virus, Cercospora leaf spot. The proposed expert system presents an overview of Bean diseases are given, the cause of diseases outlined and the treatment of disease whenever possible is given out. CLIPS Expert System language was used for designing and implementing the proposed expert system. Results: The proposed Bean diseases diagnosis expert system was evaluated by Agricultural experts and some friends interested in agriculture and they were satisfied with its performance. Conclusions: The proposed expert system is very useful for Farmers and those interested in agriculture

Dundee Annual Neurosurgery Skills Event (DANSE) — improving the availability and affordability of neurosurgical skills workshops for medical students

Background: Neurosurgery can be a daunting career choice for medical students, with preparation for trainee application often being inaccessible and expensive. This article describes a student-led neurosurgical skills event supported by local neurosurgery faculty members. Such event was designed to offer a means to bridge this gap by providing an opportunity to practice neurosurgical techniques in simulation, and learn about what a career in neurosurgery involves. Methods: Pre- and postskills laboratory surveys were used to ascertain the baseline confidence and knowledge of common neurosurgical techniques, as well as to what both the application to neurosurgery and the typical workload of a neurosurgeon involves. The conference offered six neurosurgical workshops as well as three lectures to provide practical and theoretical learning opportunities. The session included introduction to the candidates and faculty, identification of learning objectives, and career discussion. Postcourse feedback also was also used to assess learning outcomes. Results: Eighteen students attended the event. Postskills event, students were significantly more likely to understand the principles behind all of the relevant neurosurgical skills included on the day. Additionally, students were more likely to understand what a career in neurosurgery involves, and how to approach applying for a training number. Respondents enjoyed the workshops, valued hands-on experience and interactions with consultants, found it affordable, and would recommend to their peers. Conclusions: For medical students interested in a career in neurosurgery, opportunities to learn relevant techniques and skills are often expensive and difficult to come across. Here, we highlight affordable methods of simulation to result in significant student satisfaction. Additionally, providing ample opportunity to practice different neurosurgical techniques under almost 1:1 level tutoring enables significant increases in students' confidence and understanding of different neurosurgical concepts. We greatly encourage other medical student groups to develop their own hands-on simulation events to attract medical students to a surgical field often considered daunting and inaccessible, and address gaps in the medical school curriculum

Composite slab numerical strength test method under partial connection approach

The present uneconomic strength determination approach for profiled composite slab (PCS) constitutes a serious challenge that contributed significantly to design conservatism. This study seeks to address this challenge by developing and a subsequent experimental validation of a numerical strength determination function for PCS through implementing a rational-based approach. Hence, a procedural algorithm lead to the development of PCS determination function using longitudinal shear estimation method by considering section slenderness and deck characteristics. The strength test performance between the developed scheme and the experiment-based test results indicates high similarity, demonstrating the viability of the proposed strength determination methodology developed

Results of the COVID-19 mental health international for the general population (COMET-G) study.

INTRODUCTION: There are few published empirical data on the effects of COVID-19 on mental health, and until now, there is no large international study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, an online questionnaire gathered data from 55,589 participants from 40 countries (64.85% females aged 35.80 ± 13.61; 34.05% males aged 34.90±13.29 and 1.10% other aged 31.64±13.15). Distress and probable depression were identified with the use of a previously developed cut-off and algorithm respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analyses and Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tested relations among variables. RESULTS: Probable depression was detected in 17.80% and distress in 16.71%. A significant percentage reported a deterioration in mental state, family dynamics and everyday lifestyle. Persons with a history of mental disorders had higher rates of current depression (31.82% vs. 13.07%). At least half of participants were accepting (at least to a moderate degree) a non-bizarre conspiracy. The highest Relative Risk (RR) to develop depression was associated with history of Bipolar disorder and self-harm/attempts (RR = 5.88). Suicidality was not increased in persons without a history of any mental disorder. Based on these results a model was developed. CONCLUSIONS: The final model revealed multiple vulnerabilities and an interplay leading from simple anxiety to probable depression and suicidality through distress. This could be of practical utility since many of these factors are modifiable. Future research and interventions should specifically focus on them