Bibliotheraphy Among Psychologists: Familiarity, Aattitude and Use

Introduction: Bibliotherapy is a low-cost and safe way to treat mental health problems. Given that the success of bibliotherapy depends on the positive attitude and familiarity of those involved in this therapy method, this study aims to investigate the familiarity, attitude, and use of bibliotherapy by psychologists working in counseling centers and the barriers and limitations in using bibliotherapy. Methods: In this practical research, conducted using an analytic survey method in 2020, 101 psychologists working in counseling centers in Hamadan province, Iran, were selected by the census. The survey response rate was 100 %. All data for this study were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Its reliability (using the indicator of Cronbach's alpha) and validity (using two indicators of CVI and CVR) were confirmed. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25 using frequency distribution, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The results showed that more than half of the participants (53.5%) were moderately familiar with the bibliotherapy, and their level of familiarity was less than average; more than half of the participants (55.4%) used moderate bibliotherapy to treat their patient's problems, and their use rate was low to medium levels. However, psychologists' attitudes toward bibliotherapy are positive and higher than average. Conclusion: Despite bibliotherapy's effectiveness and psychologists' favorable view of it, awareness and utilization remain low, highlighting the need for strategies to enhance the adoption of this therapeutic approach

Modeling some drying characteristics of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) under infrared radiation using mathematical models and artificial neural networks

The effect of air temperature, air velocity and infrared (IR) radiation on the drying kinetics of sour cherry was investigated using a laboratory infrared dryer.  Experiments were conducted at air temperatures of 35, 50 and 65°C, air velocities of 0.5, 1.1 and 1.7 m/s and IR radiations of 500, 1,000 and 1,500 W.  Five empirical drying models for describing time dependence of the moisture ratio change were fitted to experimental data.  Artificial neural network (ANN) method was used to predict the effective moisture diffusivity and specific energy consumption of the samples.  Among the applied models, Midilli et al. model was the best to predict the thin layer drying behavior of sour cherry.  Effective moisture diffusivity of sour cherry varied between 1.17×10-10 and 8.13×10-10 m2/s.  Activation energy of sour cherry was in the range of 30.31–     41.68 kJ/mol.  Specific energy consumption was in the range of 56.12–891.16 MJ/kg.  After well training of the ANN models, it proved that the ANN model was relatively better than the empirical models.  The best neural network feed and cascade forward back-propagation topologies for the prediction of effective moisture diffusivity and energy consumption were the 3-2-3-1 and 3-3-3-1 structures with the training algorithm of trainlm and threshold functions of tansig, tansig-logsig-tansig, respectively.  The best R2 value for predication of moisture diffusivity and energy consumption were 0.9944 and 0.9905, respectively.    Keywords: sour cherry, drying, effective moisture diffusivity, activation energy, artificial neural networ

Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Cervical Adenitis (PFAPA) Misdiagnosed as Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection

Recurrent fever is common in children and specific infections account for the fever in most cases. PFAPA is not an uncommon cause of periodic fever during childhood. On the other hand, in patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), urinary tract infection usually presents with fever.Here, we report two PFAPA cases in patients with VUR in whom recurrent episodes of fever were misdiagnosed as UTI. Keywords: PFAPA Syndrome; Periodic Fever Syndrome; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux; Urinary Tract Infections; Child

Comparison of arrogance in Shahnameh and Bahmannameh based on the ancient story of Bahmannameh

One of the most important aspects of the struggle of warriors and warriors in epic works is the arrogance that is called by the comrades before the start of the hand-to-hand battle. It is accompanied by pride in ancestry, race, and ridicule. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is full of unique arrogance that has given its poet a special place with special and various skills, so that these styles have been welcomed and imitated by poets after Ferdowsi. In the meantime, Bahmannameh written by Iranshah Ibn Abi Al-Khair has a special place. In this work, the heroes have boasted in different ways before the battle. This study has selected the examples of boasting of the warriors in the two mentioned works and comparing them to examine their advantages and disadvantages in relation to each other

The knowledge, attitude, and action of Northern Iranian women about cervical cancer and screening

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world among women which its early diagnosis plays an important role in the prognosis. There are many factors that contribute to the participation in the screening programs, most notably the level of knowledge and attitude of people towards cancer. Understanding the level of these factors in the female population and its association with participation in screening programs is important. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of women in the north of Iran to compare these factors between two groups with different baseline knowledge.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among female medical clients and healthcare staff in a healthcare center in the north of Iran. All the eligible patients were interviewed and were asked to fill a questionnaire containing the demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and action about cervical cancer and screening. The data were analyzed by SPSS v24.Results: A total of 283 females entered our study of which 156(55.1%) were clients of the healthcare center and 127(44.9%) were non-physician healthcare staff. Ninety (60.8%) of clients and 39(56.5%) of the staff have performed pap smear at least once (p=0.556). The levels of knowledge and attitude were significantly lower in the clients (p < 0.001 and p=0.003, respectively). There were no significant differences regarding the level of knowledge and attitude between those who performed pap smear and those who did not (0.621 and 0.788, respectively).Conclusions: Increasing awareness, especially improving attitudes in the female population, should be the focus of the health care system to encourage more women to participate in screening programs

Tuberculosis Status and Coinfection of Pulmonary Fungal Infections in Patients Referred to Reference Laboratory of Health Centers Ghaemshahr City during 2007-2017

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the most important health concerns. Pulmonary fungal infections have clinical and radiological characteristics similar to tuberculosis which may be easily misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. This study aimed to evaluate tuberculosis (TB) status and coinfection of TB with pulmonary fungal infections in patients referred to reference laboratory of health centers Ghaemshahr city during 2007-2017.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted during eleven years, between 2007 2017, on 3577 patients with suspected TB referred to health centers of Ghaemshahr City. For isolation, sputum smear preparation and Ziehl-Neelson staining in companying with microscopy direct observation and KOH 10% + white Calcofluor staining was used. The culture of fungi was performed on Sabouraud Dextrose agar, Czapek and chrome agar media. Then, data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16) through Student's t-test, Fisher test, and Odds Ratio. P values &lt;0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Of 3577 patients, 10731 smears were prepared, 3.6% (n=130) of patients were identified as smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, 86.4% (n=3090) were smear negative and 10% (n=357) drug-resistant TB. The mean age of patients was 48±1.8 years. With increasing age, the prevalence of TB has increased which was statistically significant (P value &lt;0.05). Prevalence of tuberculosis in the age group over than 57 years in males and females had an ascending trend. Amongst the positive tuberculosis patients, 16/130 cases (12.3%) had the coinfection of TB with fungi microorganisms.CONCLUSION: Our findings showed the coinfection of fungi agents in patients with tuberculosis that should be considered.

The Effect of Social capital on Emotional-Cognitive Readiness for Scientific Collaboration: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of social capital on the emotional-cognitive readiness of faculty members for scientific collaborations with the presence of a mediation of psychological capital. Methods: This practical research was conducted in an analytic-survey method. The statistical population consisted of all faculty members of two medical universities in Iran (709 people), and the sample size is calculated to be 250 people. The stratified and random sampling method was used. All data for this study were collected using three standard questionnaires: (a) Nahapiet and Ghoshal's social capital questionnaire, (b) emotional-cognitive readiness questionnaire, and (c) Lathan's psychological capital questionnaire. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to check the normality of data distribution. Spearman correlation and Structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to analyze and test hypotheses using PLS 3 and SPSS version 25. Results: The results showed that social capital and psychological capital and their dimensions affect cognitive-emotional readiness for scientific collaboration. Also, the findings indicate that the level or the degree at which social capital alone contributes to cognitive-emotional readiness is weaker than when it is mediated by psychological capital. Conclusion: Through the creation and development of social and psychological capital, university administrators can gradually create a common language and, as a result, common insight among faculty members to provide the basis for more scientific collaboration

Proton-pump inhibitors and risk of renal disease

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one group of drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion by binding irreversibly to the gastric proton pump. This paper aimed to review the impact of PPIs on kidney function and structure by presenting the updated information in this regard. In this review, we summarize in electronic databases including Google Scholar, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus and EBSCO during the period of 1980 to 2017 by using the following search terms; proton-pump inhibitors, kidney injury, renal diseases, adverse events of protonpump inhibitors, acute interstitial nephritis, renal injury and chronic kidney disease. The PPIs are known as one group of drugs that are well tolerated in healthy subjects and where serious harms are rare. The some reports reveal that long-term administration of PPIs is associated with adverse effects such as: increasing the incident risk of kidney injury, hyper-secretion of gastric acid after their withdrawal, bone fracture, decreased levels of blood magnesium, interaction with metabolism of antiplatelet agents, increased risk of enteric infections and community-acquired pneumonia. Proton-pump inhibitors and risk of renal disease (PDF Download Available). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316284636_Proton-pump_inhibitors_and_risk_of_renal_disease [accessed Nov 08 2017]