Hemoglobin E in Northeast India: A review on its origin, distribution, migration and health implication

A systematic review of the studies on hemoglobin E in Northeast India has been carried out to understand the magnitude of research undertaken on this aspect during the last seven decades. Owing to the high prevalence of hemoglobin E in this part of India different authors have studied this hemoglobin from different perspectives and found conflicting results. However a systematic review of such studies is lacking from a holistic point of view. Most of the epidemiological, in vitro as well as in vivo studies show signatures of selection with this hemoglobin locus. However, how this polymorphism is maintained at different rates at different geographical region is still a matter of contention. This review will fill the gap from all perspectives starting from the frequency distribution of hemoglobin E and its spread in different parts of Northeast India, its relationship with malaria hypothesis, the population migration, population affinity and most importantly the health implication arising out of it. A probable origin of hemoglobin E among an Austroasiatic population of Northeast India has been postulated with the help of advance molecular anthropological knowledge like the deep rooted markers of mt DNA and Y-chromosome haplotypes

Opportunity for natural selection among some selected population groups of Northeast India

Background: Selection potential based on differential fertility and mortality has been computed for seven population groups inhabiting different geographical locations of Northeast India. Materials and Methods: Crow\u2032s as well as Johnston and Kensinger\u2032s index have been used for the present purpose. Results and Conclusion: Irrespective of the methodology, the total index of selection was found to be highest among the Deoris followed by the Kaibartas. The lowest selection index was found among the Oraon population. If the relative contribution of fertility and mortality components to the total index is considered to be multiplicative, it is observed that in all these communities the fertility component exceeds that of mortality component, which may indicate initiation of demographic transitional phase in the selected populations with the betterment of healthcare and socioeconomic condition within the last few decades

Opportunity for natural selection among some selected population groups of Northeast India

Background: Selection potential based on differential fertility and mortality has been computed for seven population groups inhabiting different geographical locations of Northeast India. Materials and Methods: Crow′s as well as Johnston and Kensinger′s index have been used for the present purpose. Results and Conclusion: Irrespective of the methodology, the total index of selection was found to be highest among the Deoris followed by the Kaibartas. The lowest selection index was found among the Oraon population. If the relative contribution of fertility and mortality components to the total index is considered to be multiplicative, it is observed that in all these communities the fertility component exceeds that of mortality component, which may indicate initiation of demographic transitional phase in the selected populations with the betterment of healthcare and socioeconomic condition within the last few decades

Investigation of photocatalytic and DNA interaction of novel heterostructured GO/Bi2O3/ZnO nanocomposite

In the present work, we synthesize novel heterostructured nanocomposites of GO/Bi2O3/ZnO (GBZ), GO/Bi2O3 and GO/ZnO adopting by solid state method and using nano graphene oxide (GO), Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and Zinc oxide (ZnO). The desire synthesized nanocomposites were characterized and established by UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) and Furrier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. The average grain, particle and crystallite sizes of GBZ were found to be 100 ± 5, 50 ± 2 and 48 ± 2 nm, respectively. The most exciting feature of the compositions is that the nanoparticles were distinctly shaped with effective photocatalytic activity against crystal violet (CV) degradation in the presence of sunlight under normal conditions. Among all the composites, GBZ has more catalytic degradation efficiency (85 %) than other catalysts, including different dyes and its rate constant (k) is 17.8 × 10−3min−1 against CV. This study also includes the common ion effect of the catalysts. The GBZ was easily recoverable by a simple filtration method and recycled without significant loss of photocatalytic activity. In the present work we first time report the DNA interactions with GBZ and show good binding results with a distinctly red shift from 258.34 to 269.32 nm. The advantages of these nanocomposites were synthetic process, high yield, solvent-free condition, reusable, cost-effective, nontoxic, short-time reaction and less hazardous materials under a green context