An interesting case of HSV Pneumonia and PCP co-infection in a patient with AIDS: a diagnostic and management challenge

The advent of HIV and AIDS has brought about many diagnostic and management challenges regarding multiple opportunistic infections. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is a common presentation in patients with AIDS who are not on prophylaxis or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Herpes simplex 1 virus (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous virus that mainly causes benign disease during primary infection. However, it is known to cause severe pneumonia and disseminated disease in the immunocompromised.1 We present a case of HSV-1 pneumonitis and PCP co-infection in an HIV-positive patient with respiratory failure. To the best of our knowledge, based on Pubmed and Google Scholar searches, this is the first case to be reported in the English language literature

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI SUNTIK PADA AKSEPTOR KB DI DESA HUMBIA KECAMATAN TAGULANDANG SELATAN KABUPATEN SITARO

Program Keluarga Berencana adalah upaya peningkatan kepedulian dan peran serta masyarakat melalui pendewasaan usia perkawinan, pengaturan kelahiran, pembinaan ketahanan keluarga, peningkatan kesejahteraan keluarga kecil, bahagia dan sejahtera. Di Indonesia metode kontrasepsi yang paling banyak digunakan adalah metode suntik yaitu 47,96%. Di Desa Humbia Kecamatan Tagulandang Selatan Kabupaten SITARO, terdapat 41 orang yang menggunakan kontrasepsi suntik dari 78 akseptor KB. Kontrasepsi suntik merupakan yang paling banyak digunakan oleh para akseptor KB karena aman, sederhana, efektif dan dapat dipakai pasca persalinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara umur, pengetahuan dan sikap dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi suntik pada akseptor KB di Desa Humbia Kecamatan Tagulandang Selatan Kabupaten SITARO. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survei analitik dengan rancangan studi potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu total populasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh wanita pasangan usia subur yang memakai alat kontrasepsi di Desa Humbia Kecamatan Tagulandang Selatan Kabupaten SITARO. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α = 0,05). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan variabel yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi suntik yaitu umur (p-value = 0,044) dan pengetahuan (p-value = 0,002). Sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi suntik adalah sikap (p-value = 0,517).Kata Kunci: Umur, Pengetahuan, Sikap, Penggunaan Alat Kontrasepsi Suntik.ABSTRACTFamily Planning Program is an effort to increase community awareness and participation through maturation of marriage age, birth arrangement, family resilience development, improvement of small family welfare, happy and prosperous. In Indonesia the most widely used method of contraception is the injection method that is 47,96%. In Humbia Village, South Tagulandang District of SITARO Regency, there were 41 people who used injectable contraceptives from 78 Family Planning acceptors. Injectable contraception is the most widely used by Family Planning acceptors because it’s safe, simple, effective and can be used postpartum. This study aims to determine the relationship between age, knowledge and attitude with the use of injectable contraceptives on family planning acceptors in Humbia Village, South Tagulandang District of SITARO Regency. This research is an analytic survey research with cross sectional study design. The sampling technique is total population. The population in this study were all women of fertile couples who used contraceptives in Humbia Village, South Tagulandang District of SITARO Regency. Data analysis was done by using Chi-Square test with 95% confidence level (α = 0,05). The result of statistical test shows that variables related to the use of injectable contraceptives are age (p-value = 0,044) and knowledge (p-value = 0,002). While variable that has not related to the use of injectable contraceptives is attitude (p-value = 0,517).Keywords: Age, Knowledge, Attitude, Use of Injectable Contraceptives

The construction of national and religious identities amongst Australian Isma’ili Muslims

Australian civic society has become increasingly multicultural and diverse. Nevertheless, in the current political climate, Australian Muslims may feel as though they live under a microscope of scrutiny with their sense of affiliation and allegiance questioned. The narrative regarding Muslims in Australia has largely focused on Sunnis and ethnic Arabs. This qualitative study examines the Australian Shi’a Isma’ili Muslim community – a minority within a minority – and how attachment to supraordinate identity markers of ‘Muslim’ and ‘Australian’ influence their identity construction. It utilised semi-structured interviews with 16 first- and second-generation Isma’ili Muslims to examine the intersection of national, religious, and cultural identities via the lens of Identity Process Theory (IPT). Religious identity was important to respondents, who spoke of how their ‘double minority’ status distinguished them vis-à-vis the broader Muslim community in Australia and Australian society overall. Nevertheless, respondents noted a strong sense of instrumental attachment to Australia which enabled them to develop a distinct niche of Isma’ili Muslim identity unique to the Australian landscape

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PRODUKSI DAN PEMASARAN ROSELLA PADA KELOMPOK TANI TOGA MANDIRI

Produksi Rosella dilakukan salah satunya oleh kelompok petani Toga Mandiri yang berlokasi di Desa Bringin Kec. Sambikerep, Surabaya Jawa Timur. Toga Mandiri telah mengembangkan berbagai produk olahan dari rosella, seperti minuman rosella, selai rosella dan rosella kering. Proses produksi rosella kering sebagian sudah menggunakan sollar dryer tetapi belum keseluruhan dikarenakan kapasitas dari sollar dryer saat ini yang masih terbatas. Dalam hal pemasaran, Toga Mandiri mengalami kesulitan dikarenakan pandemi Covid-19. Untuk mengatasi permasalah tersebut, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menambah kapasitas dan kecepatan pengeringan sehingga dicapai peningkatan kualitas dari produk rosella kering yang dihasilkan dan meningkatkan jangkauan pemasaran dari kelompok tani Toga Mandiri. Aktivitas pengabdian masyarakat adalah membantu permasalahan produksi dalam bentuk penerapan solar dryer untuk meningkatkan kualitas produksi dan permasalahan pemasaran dalam bentuk event untuk peningkatan jangkauan pemasaran. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini berdampak pada peningkatan kualitas produksi rosella Toga Mandiri dan peningkatan jangkauan pemasaran tetapi belum efektif meningkatkan pemasarannya. Kata kunci: Rosella, produksi, solar dryer, pemasaran, event. ABSTRACT One of community that produce Roselle is Toga Mandiri, which is located in Bringin Village, Sambikerep Regency, Surabaya, East Java. Toga Mandiri has developed many variation of roselle products, such as beverage, jam and dried roselle. Dried roselle has been produced using solar dryer, but only some of it because of limited capacity of solar dryer. To solve the problem, community service was done with objective to add capacity and velocity of drying so it will enhance quality of the product and to expand the marketing of Toga Mandiri. Community service activity was done by adding solar dryer to enhance the quality of product and and by expand marketing through event to expand the market. The result of this community service gave better quality of product and enhanced the market but not effectively enough to raise selling quantity. Keywords: Roselle, production, solar dryer, marketing, event

A two-species continuum model for aeolian sand ripples

We formulate a continuum model for aeolian sand ripples consisting of two species of grains: a lower layer of relatively immobile clusters, with an upper layer of highly mobile grains moving on top. We predict analytically the ripple wavelength, initial ripple growth rate and threshold saltation flux for ripple formation. Numerical simulations show the evolution of realistic ripple profiles from initial surface roughness via ripple growth and merger.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

The Multiscale Systems Immunology project: software for cell-based immunological simulation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Computer simulations are of increasing importance in modeling biological phenomena. Their purpose is to predict behavior and guide future experiments. The aim of this project is to model the early immune response to vaccination by an agent based immune response simulation that incorporates realistic biophysics and intracellular dynamics, and which is sufficiently flexible to accurately model the multi-scale nature and complexity of the immune system, while maintaining the high performance critical to scientific computing.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The Multiscale Systems Immunology (MSI) simulation framework is an object-oriented, modular simulation framework written in C++ and Python. The software implements a modular design that allows for flexible configuration of components and initialization of parameters, thus allowing simulations to be run that model processes occurring over different temporal and spatial scales.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>MSI addresses the need for a flexible and high-performing agent based model of the immune system.</p

The coronary CT angiography vision protocol : a prospective observational imaging cohort study in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery

INTRODUCTION: At present, physicians have a limited ability to predict major cardiovascular complications after non-cardiac surgery and little is known about the anatomy of coronary arteries associated with perioperative myocardial infarction. We have initiated the Coronary CT Angiography (CTA) VISION Study to (1) establish the predictive value of coronary CTA for perioperative myocardial infarction and death and (2) describe the coronary anatomy of patients that have a perioperative myocardial infarction. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The Coronary CTA VISION Study is prospective observational study. Preoperative coronary CTA will be performed in 1000–1500 patients with a history of vascular disease or at least three cardiovascular risk factors who are undergoing major elective non-cardiac surgery. Serial troponin will be measured 6–12 h after surgery and daily for the first 3 days after surgery. Major vascular outcomes at 30 days and 1 year after surgery will be independently adjudicated. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Coronary CTA results in a measurable radiation exposure that is similar to a nuclear perfusion scan (10–12 mSV). Treating physicians will be blinded to the CTA results until 30 days after surgery in order to provide the most unbiased assessment of its prognostic capabilities. The only exception will be the presence of a left main stenosis >50%. This approach is supported by best available current evidence that, excluding left main disease, prophylatic revascularisation prior to non-cardiac surgery does not improve outcomes. An external safety and monitoring committee is overseeing the study and will review outcome data at regular intervals. Publications describing the results of the study will be submitted to major peer-reviewed journals and presented at international medical conferences

Contrasting Inflammatory Signatures in Peripheral Blood and Bronchoalveolar Cells Reveal Compartment-Specific Effects of HIV Infection

The mechanisms by which HIV increases susceptibility to tuberculosis and other respiratory infections are incompletely understood. We used transcriptomics of paired whole bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BLCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells to compare the effect of HIV at the lung mucosal surface and in peripheral blood. The majority of HIV-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were specific to either the peripheral or lung mucosa compartments (1,307/1,404, 93%). Type I interferon signaling was the dominant signature of DEGs in HIV-positive blood but not in HIV-positive BLCs. DEGs in the HIV-positive BLCs were significantly enriched for infiltration with cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Higher expression of type 1 interferon transcripts in peripheral CD8+ T cells and representative transcripts and proteins in BLCs-derived CD8+ T cells during HIV infection, including IFNG (IFN-gamma), GZMB (Granzyme B), and PDCD1 (PD-1), was confirmed by cell-subset specific transcriptional analysis and flow cytometry. Thus, we report that a whole transcriptomic approach revealed qualitatively distinct effects of HIV in blood and bronchoalveolar compartments. Further work exploring the impact of distinct type I interferon programs and functional features of CD8+ T cells infiltrating the lung mucosa during HIV infection may provide novel insights into HIV-induced susceptibility to respiratory pathogens